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42 Dhatri-Devata, Gana-Devata and Panchagram are called an epic trilogy in total set in the region of Birbhum. Tarashankar tells us the story of Indian mass uprising in this trilogy. Jalsha-Ghar is a novella based on the historical fact of the defeat of feudal aristocracy to newly emerged bourgeoisie. Kalindi is a fiction of two political activists from an inhabitance of the Santals – one of them is a Marxist and the other one, a follower of Gandhi. At the end, both of them embrace imprisonment and the writer seems to be more sympathetic to the first one. Kavi is a tale of a proletariat folk poet who represents the all times Bengali poetasters. In some other works, he questions human moral judgment like Tolstoy. Saptapadi (Seven Circles) and Bicharak (The Judge) are such two works. Tarashankar followed Mahatma Gandhi’s philosophies surrounding nonviolence. In his early life, he was a political activist of the Indian National Congress party. Sometimes he was even imprisoned and persecuted. He joined the anti- Fascist movement and later became a member of independent India’s parliament. In literature too, Tarashankar did not follow Marx like Manik. He was a bearer of an Indian leader’s unique philosophies. Rather he succeeded in the perfection of artistic achievement and reached the height of fictional art. Jibanananda Das (1899-1954) Jibanananda is called the ‘Nilkantha (i.e. Shiva) of endangered humanity’. He drank the death-poison of man’s inhuman and heartless conscience. His exuberance and high aim of poetical art surpasses all other poets of the High Modern era including Yeats and Eliot. Dhushar Pandulipi (The Gray Manuscript) is his first original attempt. In this anthology his first encounter with the filthiness of life and the world is revealed. The book starts with “Nirjan Sakshar” (“The Desolate Sign”) which is a handsome piece of work by any poet newly entered into the post-war modern world. “Campe” (“At the Camp”) is the most significant poem of this anthology. Here the poet says we all are like wild dear murdered by this cruel world because of our desperation and tire of love. He says – “We go on living with the valor of love – its longings – dreams – nursing our wounds, encountering hate – death; Don’t we?” (Translated by Fakrul Alam) In “Pakhira” (“The Birds”) he wishes if we had the taste of simplicity of life and love like the flying birds. “Mrityur Agey” (“Before Death”) is another memorable piece of poem. It was praised even by the aged Tagore for its picturesque exposition of natural image. Banalata Sen is one of his most popular poetical works. It starts with the entitling poem which is famed for its romantic exposition. It bears the message that
43 the tiresome journey of Man is now to be substituted for an appeasing love. Another poem entitled “Nagna Nirjan Hat” (“The Bare and Lonely Hand”) is a sigh for the past glory of fertility of civilization which has now been exchanged with sterility. “Hower Rat” (“A Windy Night”) is a futuristic poem. And a love poem titled “Dujan” (“The Couple”) coveys the theme of triviality of love, life and even of the world. Mahaprithibi (The Big Earth) is his third endeavor. This anthology has the poem titled “Aat Bachar Aager Ekdin” (“A Day Eight Years Ago”) where the poet masterly glorifies the significance of sustenance of life in the context of an existential quest. He tells us the story of a suicide – “Not riches nor deeds; nor even a life of ease – Some other beguiling disaster Frolics in our blood; It wearies us; Wearies – wears us out; But the morgue Is free of weariness And that is why Flat out on the table in the morgue Defeated, he will lie.” (Translated by Fakrul Alam) But despite all filthiness of life and the world, he himself wishes to survive and to engage himself to temporal existence. “Adim Devatara” (“The Primitive Gods”) is another poem which tells us the worthlessness and repetitiousness of prevailing subject-matters of art like beauty and love. Sathti Tarar Timir (The Darkness of Seven Stars) is Jibanananda’s most complex poetical work. In “Akashleena” (“The Sky-Suffused One”), the very first poem of the collection, he sees how love has turned to a matter of mere consummation in the modern world. But here the deceived narrator’s love for the beloved is also merged with his love for the whole planet. Another poem titled “Godhulisandhir Nritya” (“The Dance of Twilight”) shows the transition period of warinflicted civilization. Bela Abela Kalbela (Time: Good, Bad and Awesome) is his last unique collection of poems in life-time, which is also tinged with philosophical thoughts. The great poet’s masterpiece is but Rupashi Bangla (The Beautiful Bengal) which was published posthumously. Here he longs for a gorgeous Bengal which has in course of time, faded and fallen in an awesome crisis due to turmoil and dissection. Some of his good poems were published in an anthology titled Shrestha Kabita (Best Poems). Especially memorable is “1946-47” where Jibanananda expresses his deep anguish at the communal riots between Hindus and Muslims and the partition of our motherland. Here he utters some words of hope – “And yet man continues to move on even now, From blinding despair to pleasing darkness, From total darkness to festivities marking the founding of new cities and villages, Surmounting the sources of errors and sins in his soul, Staying within the orbit of consciousness seemingly on his own merit.” (Translated by Fakrul Alam)
Page 1 and 2: Bangla Literature: A Critical Overv
Page 3 and 4: 3 By that time, Buddhism was in the
Page 5 and 6: 5 not flourish here. Krittibas’s
Page 7 and 8: 7 Chaitanya’s era as the mystic f
Page 9 and 10: 9 slowly merging. Even after the Ba
Page 11 and 12: 11 ’85) and Piarichand Mitra (181
Page 13 and 14: 13 were two late representatives of
Page 15 and 16: 15 Panju Shah (1851?-1914) and Haso
Page 17 and 18: 17 Panchagram (1943), Hashuli Banke
Page 19 and 20: 19 Also a new trend of historical n
Page 21 and 22: 21 3 Great Bengali Writers Jayadeva
Page 23 and 24: 23 lovers’ pains. According to hi
Page 25 and 26: 25 This poem is a reflection of the
Page 27 and 28: 27 Michael’s epic has a prehistor
Page 29 and 30: 29 lovers. And at the end of the no
Page 31 and 32: 31 An intense ray is dispersed into
Page 33 and 34: 33 Shey.(S/he) is a novel out of th
Page 35 and 36: 35 Tasher Desh (The Play-Cards’ L
Page 37 and 38: 37 autobiographical novel. It is a
Page 39 and 40: 39 fighter and eventually a martyr
Page 41: 41 He died a premature death out of
Page 45 and 46: 45 Giving the child a farewell kiss
Page 47 and 48: 47 Sunil’s poems are a unique pla
Page 49 and 50: 49 Akhtaruzzaman Elias (1943-’97)
Page 51 and 52: 51 He warns mankind of a possible f
Page 53 and 54: 53 • A writer who wrote in two li

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