Health Bulletin 2009

Treatment Schedule (once in a year for 5 consecutive years)
Age (100 mg) Tab Diethyl Carbamazine (400 mg) Tab Albandazole
2-8 yrs
> 8 -12 yrs
1 Tab 1 Tab
2 Tab 1 Tab
>12yrs 3 Tab 1 Tab
Diarrhea
The Diarrheal disease is endemic in all countries of the South East Asia Region that includes
Bangladesh. This disease constellation comprises of five major diseases, which causes the bulk
of the under five mortality in Bangladesh. The diseases are associated with unsafe water and
poor sanitation coupled with poor food handling practices and bottle-feeding of infants during
the first few months of life. The main cause of death from acute diarrhoea is dehydration
resulting from loss of fluids and electrolytes. Other causes of death are dysentery and
malnutrition resulting from incorrect management of diarrhoea.Globally there are an estimated
1.8 billion episodes of childhood diarrhoea each year and diarrhoeal diseases, including
dysentery, claim the lives of three million children annually. A regional programme for the
control of diarrhoeal disease has been in operation since 1979.
The diarrhoeal diseases are of two types eatery diarrhoea and bloody diarrhoea (dysentery).
Several microorganisms cause the disease, but major organisms responsible for the disease
are V. cholera and Shigella. V.cholerae is responsible for cholera which is endemic in all
countries of the South East Asia Region.
Diarrhoeal Report by Division and by Year (2001-2008)
Division
Year 2001 Year 2002 Year 2003 Year 2004 Year 2005 Year 2006 Year 2007 Year 2008
Attack Death Attack Death Attack Death Attack Death Attack Death Attack Death Attack Death Attack Death
Barisal 25202 33 19869 19 14412 11 17986 19 15078 12 29072 5 31695
5
42584 12
Chittagong 337838 166 512215 296 379276 265 432829 277 405446 162 363710 84 446965 148 410195 123
Dhaka 518951 101 667406 140 610181 221 606782 172 606302 165 654172 46 710972 180 808390 160
Khulna 349735 56 528556 60 455683 82 401339 98 428502 81 413268 32 445631 37 476231 26
Rajshahi 412531 65 519503 121 528211 285 474848 382 441132 247 349203 49 661969 88 372203 38
Sylhet 213207 100 251296 96 209156 168 198650 119 144467 27 152425 23 178094 79 185376 34
Total 1857464 521 2498845 732 2196919 1032 2132434 1067 2040927 694 1961850 239 2335326 537 2294979 393
Division-wise case fatality rate of diarrhea in Bangladesh (2001-2008)
Division Y2001 Y2002 Y2003 Y2004 Y2005 Y2006 Y2007 Y2008
Barisal 0.13 0.10 0.08 0.11 0.08 0.02 0.02 0.03
Chittagong 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.06 0.04 0.02 0.03 0.03
Dhaka 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.01 0.02 0.02
Khulna 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01
Rajshahi 0.02 0.02 0.05 0.08 0.06 0.01 0.02 0.01
Sylhet 0.05 0.04 0.08 0.06 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.02
Average 0.03 0.03 0.05 0.05 0.03 0.01 0.02 0.02
Source: Director, Disease Control, DGHS, Mohakhali, Dhaka
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