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The first project period from June 2004 to March 2006, was a follow-up project to the Fifth International Conference of New<br />

and Restored Democracies (ICRND), carried a total price tag of US$530,300 and had multiple donors, of which USAID was the<br />

most important. The budget was divided into eight outputs:<br />

• $135,621 was allocated to build consensus on the avenues of strengthening the ICNRD follow-up mechanisms and<br />

processes, and on implementation and monitoring strategies for the Ulaanbaatar Declaration and Plan of Action, as well<br />

as international sharing of Mongolia’s experience in democratic <strong>governance</strong> building and its national ICNRD5 follow-up<br />

action plan. Costs here were mostly related to communication, communication material and international travel.<br />

• $32,000 was allocated to on-going democratic <strong>governance</strong> programme. Reviews and consultations were held to<br />

identify the gaps and missing links to develop a Mongolia national action plan. Costs here were mostly related to<br />

research and studies.<br />

• $56,800 was allocated to design and implement a pilot project on democratic <strong>governance</strong> indicators, with technical<br />

advice from UNDP, its Bureau of <strong>Development</strong> Policy (BDP), and its Oslo Governance Centre (OGC). Here most of the costs<br />

were related to subcontracting national research institutions and secondly on audio-visual productions used in<br />

consultations.<br />

• $70,767 were allocated to design and implement a broadly consultative and participatory activity for the preparation of<br />

the Country Information Note, which was based on the guidelines developed with UNDP/BDP support and drawing<br />

from work on democratic <strong>governance</strong> indicators. Most costs here were allocated to transportation and daily allowances<br />

of participants, but also $10,000 was spent on studies and research.<br />

• $6,050 was allocated to website maintenance.<br />

• $155,660 was allocated to develop the capacity of government, including parliamentary strengthening.<br />

Most costs were allocated to international consultants, but they also covered salaries of several local staff and office<br />

operational costs such as stationery.<br />

• $28,679 was allocated to dissemination of the results.<br />

• Finally, $15,009 was allocated to providing professional services such as auditing.<br />

The second phase of the project (2007-2008) aimed to strengthen democratic processes through participatory democracy<br />

<strong>assessment</strong> and MDG9, using a set of institutionalized democratic <strong>governance</strong> indicators designed to improve policy and<br />

practice. Similar to the first phase, democratic <strong>governance</strong> indicators formed a means, rather than an end, which accounts<br />

for some of the greater costs compared with <strong>assessment</strong>s that are more stand-alone and less embedded in a long-term<br />

political process. The implementing agency was the Institute of Philosophy, Sociology and Law at the Mongolian Academy<br />

of Science, a local research institute.<br />

This second phase was funded by the <strong>United</strong> <strong>Nations</strong> Democracy Fund (UNDEF) and carried a total price tag of US$238,350.<br />

The budget was divided into 4 outputs:<br />

• $120,000 was allocated to streamline democratic <strong>governance</strong> indicators and develop a set of specific target indicators<br />

to assess democracy and MDG9 and obtain approval by the Government. Of this sum $44,000 was allocated to research<br />

produced by national consultants, $18,500 to an international consultant, $12,000 to consultations and $17,000 to<br />

training of local researchers and participation in international conferences.<br />

Planning a Governance Assessment: A Guide to Approaches, Costs and Benefits<br />

37

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