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co-authors of that paper for their indispensable contributions: Andrea Koschinsky,
Michael Bau, Frank Manheim, Jung-Keuk Kang, and Leanne Roberts. I also appreciate
important discussions and collaborations at times during the past two decades with Peter
Halbach, Jai-Woon Moon, Kyeong-Yong Lee, Supriya Roy, Somnath Dasgupta, Virupaxa
Banakar, Igor Varentsov, Lev Gramm-Osipov, Irina Pulyaeva, Eric De Carlo, Akira Usui,
David Cronan, Charles Morgan, Barrie Bolton, Geoff Glasby, and Randolph Koski,
among others. Jennifer Dowling has provided excellent technical assistance.
8. REFERENCES
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Handbook of Marine Mineral Deposits, D.S. Cronan (ed.), CRC Press, Boca Raton,
Florida, p. 239-279.
2. J.R. Hein et al. (1)
3. J.R. Hein and C.L. Morgan (1999), Influence of substrate rocks on Fe-Mn crust
composition, Deep-Sea Research I, 46, 855-875.
4. J.R. Hein et al. (1997), Iron and manganese oxide mineralisation in the Pacific, In
Manganese Mineralization: Geochemistry and Mineralogy of Terrestrial and Marine
Deposits, K. Nicholson et al. (eds.), Geological Society Special Publication 119,
London, p. 123-138.
5. S.J. Bury (1989), The geochemistry of North Atlantic ferromanganese
encrustations, Ph.D. Thesis, Cambridge University, 265 pp.
6. J.R. Hein et al. (1987), Submarine Ferromanganese Deposits from the Mariana
and Volcano Volcanic Arcs, West Pacific, U.S. Geological Survey Open-File
Report 87-281, 67 pp. A. Usui and M. Someya (1997), Distribution and
composition of marine hydrogenetic and hydrothermal manganese deposits in
the northwest Pacific, In Manganese Mineralization: Geochemistry and Mineralogy of
Terrestrial and Marine Deposits, K. Nicholson et al. (eds.), Geological Society
Special Publication 119, London, p. 177-198.
7. D.S. Cronan (1984), Criteria for the recognition of areas of potentially economic
manganese nodules and encrustations in the CCOP/SOPAC region of the central
and southwestern tropical Pacific, South Pacific Marine Geological Notes,
CCOP/SOPAC, 3, 1-17.
8. J.R. Hein et al. (1985), Ferromanganese crusts from Necker Ridge, Horizon
Guyot, and S.P. Lee Guyot: Geological considerations, Marine Geology, 69, 25-54.
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Hawaiian Archipelago, Hawaii Institute of Geophysics Report, HIG 76-14, 71 pp.
J.R. Hein, W.C. Schwab and A.S. Davis (1988), Cobalt- and platinum-rich
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