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Which of the following is one function of the ALARA program? A) train workers in methods to reduce exposure B) increase the number of qualified workers to reduce individual worker dose C) enable radiation workers to design shielding systems D) minimize a company's legal liability in accidents E) place total responsibility for ALARA upon the worker The correct answer is: A Regarding choice B, the risk should never be spread to a larger population to minimize individual dose. Regarding choice E, a management commitment to ALARA is the most important element of the ALARA program, and although it places some responsibility on the worker, most of the responsibility is on management.
Which of the following materials will yield the greatest amount of bremsstrahlung raidation when irradiated with electrons of the same energy and intensity? A) beryllium B) aluminum C) tungsten D) uranium E) lead The correct answer is: D The probability of bremsstrahlung increases with the atomic number of the material. Of the materials listed, uranium has the highest atomic number.
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For calculating dose to an organ fr
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The major radiological health conce
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A x-ray machine is operated in a cl
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The goal and future requirement reg
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A Pu-Be source should be stored: A)
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In the shielding equation I = Io e^
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Which of the following is the MOST
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How are tools or equipment transfer
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Which of the following surveys shou
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The following dosimetry should be w
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When using a charcoal cartridge wit
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The use of a Radioactive Yellow III
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Remediation of areas contaminated w
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Leak test of sealed radioactive sou
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The two organzations which review a
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Which of the following contributes
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Which of the following are distingu
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In planning shielding for walls of
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Most operating light water nuclear
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Which of the following is in the or
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The linear attenuation coefficient
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If a shielding material has a half-
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The units used to express u/p (mu o
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Air sample results from an unoccupi
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The minimum recommended face veloci
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An air sampler is run for 45 minute
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A fixed air filter at a nuclear pow
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The agency which approves the desig
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A respirator containing a high effi
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The maximum allowable radiation lev
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At what level does loose alpha cont
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According to the BEIR V Report, the
Page 65 and 66: Allowable radiation and contaminati
Page 67 and 68: The four emergency classifications
Page 69 and 70: A technician responds with emergenc
Page 71 and 72: The amount of shielding required to
Page 73 and 74: The transport index is determined a
Page 75 and 76: The BEST shielding for a Phosphorus
Page 77 and 78: As a result of Three Mile Island ac
Page 79 and 80: Radioactive material may be transpo
Page 81 and 82: What is the attenuation coefficient
Page 83 and 84: The MAIN purpose of isokinetic samp
Page 85 and 86: A toluene and P-32 spill occurs in
Page 87 and 88: The dose buildup factor is 5 at the
Page 89 and 90: What is the appropriate method of u
Page 91 and 92: Immediate telephone notification to
Page 93 and 94: After shutdown of a particle accele
Page 95 and 96: In a linear accelerator radiation s
Page 97 and 98: Personnel monitoring equipment is r
Page 99 and 100: A nurse drops a 30 millicurie liqui
Page 101 and 102: An air sample is run at 2 cubic fee
Page 103 and 104: In shielding sources which produce
Page 105 and 106: Radioactive liquids may be transpor
Page 107 and 108: The protection factor for an atmosp
Page 109 and 110: A shield has to be constructed in f
Page 111 and 112: Reactor chemistry samples are often
Page 113 and 114: When sampling for radioactive fallo
Page 115: One DAC-hour is approximately equal
Page 119 and 120: When is a neutron radiation survey
Page 121 and 122: Why should swipes in a loose-surfac
Page 123 and 124: World population exposures due to f
Page 125 and 126: Strict adherence to ICRP Publicatio
Page 127 and 128: ICRP recommends a weighting factor
Page 129 and 130: ICRP Publication 26 states, "No pra
Page 131 and 132: To limit possible exposure to radia
Page 133 and 134: In emergency planning, a "protectiv
Page 135 and 136: State the purpose of the main steam
Page 137 and 138: The radionuclide that is the main c
Page 139 and 140: If personnel with doses less than 1
Page 141 and 142: Prior to 1988, explicit recommendat
Page 143 and 144: In general, the most important sour
Page 145 and 146: When communicating information rega
Page 147 and 148: The ordering of the following shiel
Page 149 and 150: Which of the following statements a
Page 151 and 152: If the most restrictive airborne ra
Page 153 and 154: The maximum protection factor that
Page 155 and 156: For regulatory compliance purposes,
Page 157 and 158: The radionuclide used to improve op
Page 159 and 160: The target and filter material used
Page 161 and 162: Most newer mammographic units conta
Page 163 and 164: Theraputic radionuclides are used t
Page 165 and 166: Radiation leakage from an x-ray tub
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The dominant external radiation haz
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Power reactors do not routinely cou
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The occupation limit for radon expo
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Monitoring of nuclear power plant e
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Sample lines for plant vents must b
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The code of Federal Regulations, 40
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During the early phase of an accide
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A radioactive shipment is being pre
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The effective dose equivalent allow
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The amount of tritium allowed by 10
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An individual has received an intak
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The class "D" in Appendix B to part
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The concentration values given in T
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The Department of Energy's yearly a
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A DOE radiation worker has a lifeti
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The best way to reduce the volume o
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A Notice of Violation will not be i
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After exposure rates from radioacti
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The leakage radiation from a diagno
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What neutron quality factor did the
Page 207 and 208:
According to 10 CFR 20 radiological
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Which of the following Regulatory G
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Which of the following is NOT true
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According to the EPA, a home should
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A shipment of radioactive materials
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The tissue weighting factor for the
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According to NUREG-0713, which of t
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According to 10 CFR 20 the definiti
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According to 10 CFR 20, how often d
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You work at a nuclear power plant,
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A safe geometry to prevent critical
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Which of the following bioassay met
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Radiobiological evidence suggests t
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The "planned special exposure" prov
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A female radiation worker declares
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The iodine isotope that would deliv
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A Type A quantity of radioactive ma
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When working with liquid solutions
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At a nuclear power reactor facility
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Doses to the thyroid and whole body
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The term "reference man" in health
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According to 10 CFR 20 Appendix A,
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The Radioactive Yellow II and III l
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For an exclusive use, closed transp
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Which of the following regulations
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The sensitivity of photographic fil
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If the DAC for Rn-222 is 3.0 E-8 mi
Page 261 and 262:
The full width at half maximum peak
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What are the constituents of the fi
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A meter reads 40,000 net cpm and th
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According to ANSI N323-1978, portab
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Common radionuclides used for the c
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How long must a sample with a count
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Quality factor is a function of the
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A proper average quality factor for
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A point source of 137-Cs with an ac
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An individual breathes a concentrat
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A person is standing in a semi-infi
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Personnel dosimetry records must be
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How is beta exposure determined in
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The major internal pathway for radi
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Which of the following radionuclide
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Proportional counters operate at __
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The sensitivity of a pressurized io
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If 100 counts are recorded with a d
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A tissue-equivalent chamber must: A
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The full width at half maximum peak
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A stack is 5 feet in diameter, the
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A sample counted for ten minutes re
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The purpose of a "chi-squared" test
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A worker is exposed to different ra
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Assuming a maximum permissible dose
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You measure the dose rate at a job
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The exposure rate from a point sour
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According to the ICRP, "ALI" stands
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What happens to the noble gases aft
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The detection of radioactive tritiu
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The approximate exposure rate (R/hr
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What materials are most commonly us
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An individual breathes a concentrat
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The MOST effective bioassay method
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According to 10 CFR Part 20, the qu
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When calibrating radiation detectio
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Which of the following is the best
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The DAC for inert gases is based on
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The absorbed dose from the alpha pa
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An Airborne Radioactivity Area must
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Albedo dosimetry will function prop
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What is the ionization region? A) t
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The difference between x-ray and ne
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Three different labs measure the sa
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An ionization chamber which as a di
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A NaI counting system would be appr
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A person is standing in a semi-infi
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The net counts observed from succes
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For NaI and GeLi detectors, as gamm
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Ar-41 is a noble gas which decays b
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The exposure rate at two feet from
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A worker spends 90 minutes in a fie
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Obtaining reproducible results duri
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A worker stands 12 feet from a gamm
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Determine the mean of the following
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The full width of a given photopeak
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In the G-M region of a gas filled t
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Which of the following materials is
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The average number of ion pairs pro
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An important advantage of using a h
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The target organ for most transport
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The short-lived Radon (Rn-222) deca
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Which material is most likely to io
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In a field of mixed neutron and gam
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Tissue dose from thermal neutrons p
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The provisions of ANSI N13.11-1983
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If the skin were contaminated by an
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Which statement is most accurate? A
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Measurement uncertainty in a radiat
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What is the most efficient ratio of
Page 401 and 402:
When performing in-vivo measurement
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Gas and aerosol detectors (smoke de
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To obtain count rates that will fal
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Germanium-Lithium semiconductor det
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One of the components of the liquid
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A sample containing tritium, Carbon
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Quenching effects in a liquid scint
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A gamma spectrometer spectrum of a
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You are analyzing a sample containi
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To improve the efficiency of an ins
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You are assigned to count a number
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The method used to determine the am
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In a gas filled detector a low volt
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A gas-filled detector in which the
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A semi-conductor is distinguished f
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An "acceptor" substance in a semi-c
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The secondary emission ratio of a p
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Methods used to reduce the amount o
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For protons and neutrons, most of t
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A long counter is encased in a cadm
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Choose the BEST answer that describ
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In a photomultiplier tube with 7 dy
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A dose of 20 rem from alpha radiati
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The efficiency for collecting ion p
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Which planchet material would yield
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Which of the following reactions is
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Which of the following has a densit
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A 1Kg block of ice and a 1 Kg block
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The difference between the energy 1
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The process of transferring photon
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Given a uniform disk source of radi
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A photon with a linear attenuation
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The buildup factor used in shieldin
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The half-value thickness for 1 MeV
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BF3 gas filled detectors frequently
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A GM detector with a resolving time
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Electrons that are initially at res
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For general area radiation surveys,
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For a gas filled detector operating
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For a typical NaI scintillation det
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What is the approximate efficiency
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The largest respirable particle is
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A worker wearing a respirator with
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The term solubility or transportabi
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Which is the major factor in consid
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The most important types of environ
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The fraction of unattached radon de
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Why is the thumb rule formula X = 6
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A low energy alpha detector is usua
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A sample of radioactive material is
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A worker accidentally ingested one
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Conjunctivitis may result from a we
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Eventually, charged particles give
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Gamma rays get their energy from: A
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What is the usual unit of measureme
Page 511 and 512:
Normal background radiation exposur
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Plutonium, taken into the circulato
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The average person contains about 0
Page 517 and 518:
The current OSHA standard for far f
Page 519 and 520:
The fraction of atoms which undergo
Page 521 and 522:
The portion of the body most suscep
Page 523 and 524:
The gray is a quantity used to expr
Page 525 and 526:
A very thin windowed Geiger-Mueller
Page 527 and 528:
What is the charge produced in a 25
Page 529 and 530:
What is one of the special units us
Page 531 and 532:
When a charged particle strikes an
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Which of the following is a Beta em
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Which one of the following types of
Page 537 and 538:
What will the activity of 10 Ci of
Page 539 and 540:
Radon has been estimated to account
Page 541 and 542:
Two cost effective means available
Page 543 and 544:
Higher atomic weight (Z) elements t
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Under the SI system there have been
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Smokers have increased exposure to
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When ionizing energy ejects an elec
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What is the decay constant for Carb
Page 553 and 554:
A scintillation counter takes advan
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Radioactive decay is said to be fir
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How long will it take for 200 Ci of
Page 559 and 560:
If an individual incurred a dose eq
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A "pig" is a: A) Container used to
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What is a "neutrino"? A) Massless p
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What is elastic scattering of a pho
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What is the "photoelectric effect"
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What happens to the incident photon
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Which effect predominates in the 10
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What effect predominates in the gre
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What is the SI unit of activity? A)
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The equivalent energy for the rest
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Which of the following is isobaric
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Name the initial and final nuclide
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Name the initial and final member o
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Plutonium: A) Occurs naturally B) I
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What is a use of a chelating agent?
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The periodic table lists: A) All el
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A radionuclide that is constantly b
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The target organ for consideration
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If Kr-90 is released from the stack
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In a radioactive decay process in w
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In a radioactive decay process in w
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A build-up factor equal to one in a
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Radiation in the visible spectrum t
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The energy distribution of alpha em
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Radium is considered to be a ______
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A proportional counter has enough v
Page 611 and 612:
A Geiger counter should never have
Page 613 and 614:
Proportional counters have gas ampl
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The primary function of a radiation
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What is the approximate efficiency
Page 619 and 620:
For what reason is a mica window us
Page 621 and 622:
The function of a cascade impactor
Page 623 and 624:
The "end window" on a Geiger-Muelle
Page 625 and 626:
The term "acute radiation syndrome"
Page 627 and 628:
A fundamental law in radiobiology t
Page 629 and 630:
For transportation of radioactive m
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Which radiation monitoring device u
Page 633 and 634:
The pancake GM probe is designed fo
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Human excreta containing medically
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What is a "phantom" in reference to
Page 639 and 640:
The Department of Transportation (D
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Page 643 and 644:
Page 645 and 646:
KERMA is a unit of radiation measur
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How does the NRC regulate x-ray mac
Page 649 and 650:
The SI unit for radiation absorbed
Page 651 and 652:
The SI unit of activity is the: A)
Page 653 and 654:
The underlying principle for radior
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As a charged particle loses energy
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What is the mathematical relationsh
Page 659 and 660:
The "lapse rate" is the: A) Tempera
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The best data to use to estimate th
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What is a disadvantage of a long sa
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Given a reading of 100 mr/hr (gamma
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Which of the following is not a nat
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The occupational derived air concen
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What does an "alpha" emission consi
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A radium decay scheme is represente
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In the beta particle decay of stron
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What is a Roentgen? A) The amount o
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Why are the low atomic number mater
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The TLV for exposure to radiation f
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Which of the following series is an
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In an absorbing medium, one gray (1
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A one liter Marinelli air sample is
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If an atom is assembled from its co
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You have 400 millicuries of a radio
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The difference between x-rays and g
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A 7 mg/cm2 mylar window is used on
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Effects of acute radiation exposure
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What is the "threshold" of radiatio
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Most of the dose received by man fr
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For an isotope having an allowed co
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All of the following statements abo
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Isotopes are: A) different radionuc
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Which of the following has the high
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Following electron capture, the fol
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A technician surveys a shielded pur
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In the interaction of thermal neutr
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Which of the following organ system
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Why are the dose equivalent limits
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Why is a child more radiosensitive
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If a large group of people receive
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What is the main factor determining
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The range of a 2 MeV alpha particle
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An isotope is one of two or more at
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The symbols Pa, Ga, Sn, Ni represen
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If the maximum beta particle energy
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The major source of radiation expos
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In the energy range from 0.1 to 5 M
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The Roentgen is a measure of: A) ab
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The antineutrino is associated with
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The three types of blood cells in t
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The range of an alpha particle in t
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After four half-lives, the original
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Workers are exposed to a Cs-137 con
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Based on the 1990 BEIR V Report, th
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Based on the laws of Bergoinie and
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Which one of the following lists th
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Genetic mutations are one possible
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The roentgen is equal to: A) 1.0 co
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Cancer induced by radon daughters i
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Unlike many man made materials, whe
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Deleterious effects caused by radia
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Cigarette smokers who smoke 1.5 pac
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Sr-85 is used in the treatment of b
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Uranium and Thorium decay products
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The relationship between the mass o
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The NRC defines a hot particle as a
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Uptake and retention of a radionucl
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An active person who eats a high fi
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Cesium-137 decays by emitting: A) t
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A mole of U-238 weighs: A) 238 amu
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The SI unit of energy is: A) Siever
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The nucleus transfers its energy to
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The formula for calculating specifi
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A radionuclide with a parent half-l
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As an alpha particle transverses a
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The average energy of a positron em
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The stopping power for electrons __
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Kerma is the sum of the initial kin
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The term used to describe a process
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Rn-220 is a member of which of the
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Which of the following naturally oc
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An absorbed dose of 3 rad results i
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Which of the following is equivalen
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The electron volt is: A) a unit of
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Which of the following does NOT aff
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If the half life of a radionuclide
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Which of the following is the BEST
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