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The basic physical methods applied to protection against external radiation hazards are: A) film badges and dosimeters B) protective clothing C) time, distance, and shielding D) whole body counting and bioassay E) G-M survey meters The correct answer is: C Decreasing time and increasing distance and shielding are fundamental principles of applied radiation protection.
When using a charcoal cartridge with a full-face air-purifying respiratory, the protection factor afforded for I-125 is: A) 0 B) 1 C) 50 D) 2,000 E) 10,000 The correct answer is: B Under NRC licenses, unless special studies and documentation are performed to demonstrate an actual protection factor greater than 1 for charcoal cartridges against radioiodine, 1 must be used.
Page 1 and 2: For calculating dose to an organ fr
Page 3 and 4: The major radiological health conce
Page 5 and 6: A x-ray machine is operated in a cl
Page 7 and 8: The goal and future requirement reg
Page 9 and 10: A Pu-Be source should be stored: A)
Page 11 and 12: In the shielding equation I = Io e^
Page 13 and 14: Which of the following is the MOST
Page 15 and 16: How are tools or equipment transfer
Page 17 and 18: Which of the following surveys shou
Page 19: The following dosimetry should be w
Page 23 and 24: The use of a Radioactive Yellow III
Page 25 and 26: Remediation of areas contaminated w
Page 27 and 28: Leak test of sealed radioactive sou
Page 29 and 30: The two organzations which review a
Page 31 and 32: Which of the following contributes
Page 33 and 34: Which of the following are distingu
Page 35 and 36: In planning shielding for walls of
Page 37 and 38: Most operating light water nuclear
Page 39 and 40: Which of the following is in the or
Page 41 and 42: The linear attenuation coefficient
Page 43 and 44: If a shielding material has a half-
Page 45 and 46: The units used to express u/p (mu o
Page 47 and 48: Air sample results from an unoccupi
Page 49 and 50: The minimum recommended face veloci
Page 51 and 52: An air sampler is run for 45 minute
Page 53 and 54: A fixed air filter at a nuclear pow
Page 55 and 56: The agency which approves the desig
Page 57 and 58: A respirator containing a high effi
Page 59 and 60: The maximum allowable radiation lev
Page 61 and 62: At what level does loose alpha cont
Page 63 and 64: According to the BEIR V Report, the
Page 65 and 66: Allowable radiation and contaminati
Page 67 and 68: The four emergency classifications
Page 69 and 70: A technician responds with emergenc
Page 71 and 72:
The amount of shielding required to
Page 73 and 74:
The transport index is determined a
Page 75 and 76:
The BEST shielding for a Phosphorus
Page 77 and 78:
As a result of Three Mile Island ac
Page 79 and 80:
Radioactive material may be transpo
Page 81 and 82:
What is the attenuation coefficient
Page 83 and 84:
The MAIN purpose of isokinetic samp
Page 85 and 86:
A toluene and P-32 spill occurs in
Page 87 and 88:
The dose buildup factor is 5 at the
Page 89 and 90:
What is the appropriate method of u
Page 91 and 92:
Immediate telephone notification to
Page 93 and 94:
After shutdown of a particle accele
Page 95 and 96:
In a linear accelerator radiation s
Page 97 and 98:
Personnel monitoring equipment is r
Page 99 and 100:
A nurse drops a 30 millicurie liqui
Page 101 and 102:
An air sample is run at 2 cubic fee
Page 103 and 104:
In shielding sources which produce
Page 105 and 106:
Radioactive liquids may be transpor
Page 107 and 108:
The protection factor for an atmosp
Page 109 and 110:
A shield has to be constructed in f
Page 111 and 112:
Reactor chemistry samples are often
Page 113 and 114:
When sampling for radioactive fallo
Page 115 and 116:
One DAC-hour is approximately equal
Page 117 and 118:
Which of the following materials wi
Page 119 and 120:
When is a neutron radiation survey
Page 121 and 122:
Why should swipes in a loose-surfac
Page 123 and 124:
World population exposures due to f
Page 125 and 126:
Strict adherence to ICRP Publicatio
Page 127 and 128:
ICRP recommends a weighting factor
Page 129 and 130:
ICRP Publication 26 states, "No pra
Page 131 and 132:
To limit possible exposure to radia
Page 133 and 134:
In emergency planning, a "protectiv
Page 135 and 136:
State the purpose of the main steam
Page 137 and 138:
The radionuclide that is the main c
Page 139 and 140:
If personnel with doses less than 1
Page 141 and 142:
Prior to 1988, explicit recommendat
Page 143 and 144:
In general, the most important sour
Page 145 and 146:
When communicating information rega
Page 147 and 148:
The ordering of the following shiel
Page 149 and 150:
Which of the following statements a
Page 151 and 152:
If the most restrictive airborne ra
Page 153 and 154:
The maximum protection factor that
Page 155 and 156:
For regulatory compliance purposes,
Page 157 and 158:
The radionuclide used to improve op
Page 159 and 160:
The target and filter material used
Page 161 and 162:
Most newer mammographic units conta
Page 163 and 164:
Theraputic radionuclides are used t
Page 165 and 166:
Radiation leakage from an x-ray tub
Page 167 and 168:
The dominant external radiation haz
Page 169 and 170:
Power reactors do not routinely cou
Page 171 and 172:
The occupation limit for radon expo
Page 173 and 174:
Monitoring of nuclear power plant e
Page 175 and 176:
Sample lines for plant vents must b
Page 177 and 178:
The code of Federal Regulations, 40
Page 179 and 180:
During the early phase of an accide
Page 181 and 182:
A radioactive shipment is being pre
Page 183 and 184:
The effective dose equivalent allow
Page 185 and 186:
The amount of tritium allowed by 10
Page 187 and 188:
An individual has received an intak
Page 189 and 190:
The class "D" in Appendix B to part
Page 191 and 192:
The concentration values given in T
Page 193 and 194:
The Department of Energy's yearly a
Page 195 and 196:
A DOE radiation worker has a lifeti
Page 197 and 198:
The best way to reduce the volume o
Page 199 and 200:
A Notice of Violation will not be i
Page 201 and 202:
After exposure rates from radioacti
Page 203 and 204:
The leakage radiation from a diagno
Page 205 and 206:
What neutron quality factor did the
Page 207 and 208:
According to 10 CFR 20 radiological
Page 209 and 210:
Which of the following Regulatory G
Page 211 and 212:
Which of the following is NOT true
Page 213 and 214:
According to the EPA, a home should
Page 215 and 216:
A shipment of radioactive materials
Page 217 and 218:
The tissue weighting factor for the
Page 219 and 220:
According to NUREG-0713, which of t
Page 221 and 222:
According to 10 CFR 20 the definiti
Page 223 and 224:
According to 10 CFR 20, how often d
Page 225 and 226:
You work at a nuclear power plant,
Page 227 and 228:
A safe geometry to prevent critical
Page 229 and 230:
Which of the following bioassay met
Page 231 and 232:
Radiobiological evidence suggests t
Page 233 and 234:
The "planned special exposure" prov
Page 235 and 236:
A female radiation worker declares
Page 237 and 238:
The iodine isotope that would deliv
Page 239 and 240:
A Type A quantity of radioactive ma
Page 241 and 242:
When working with liquid solutions
Page 243 and 244:
At a nuclear power reactor facility
Page 245 and 246:
Doses to the thyroid and whole body
Page 247 and 248:
The term "reference man" in health
Page 249 and 250:
According to 10 CFR 20 Appendix A,
Page 251 and 252:
The Radioactive Yellow II and III l
Page 253 and 254:
For an exclusive use, closed transp
Page 255 and 256:
Which of the following regulations
Page 257 and 258:
The sensitivity of photographic fil
Page 259 and 260:
If the DAC for Rn-222 is 3.0 E-8 mi
Page 261 and 262:
The full width at half maximum peak
Page 263 and 264:
What are the constituents of the fi
Page 265 and 266:
A meter reads 40,000 net cpm and th
Page 267 and 268:
According to ANSI N323-1978, portab
Page 269 and 270:
Common radionuclides used for the c
Page 271 and 272:
How long must a sample with a count
Page 273 and 274:
Quality factor is a function of the
Page 275 and 276:
A proper average quality factor for
Page 277 and 278:
A point source of 137-Cs with an ac
Page 279 and 280:
An individual breathes a concentrat
Page 281 and 282:
A person is standing in a semi-infi
Page 283 and 284:
Personnel dosimetry records must be
Page 285 and 286:
How is beta exposure determined in
Page 287 and 288:
The major internal pathway for radi
Page 289 and 290:
Which of the following radionuclide
Page 291 and 292:
Proportional counters operate at __
Page 293 and 294:
The sensitivity of a pressurized io
Page 295 and 296:
If 100 counts are recorded with a d
Page 297 and 298:
A tissue-equivalent chamber must: A
Page 299 and 300:
The full width at half maximum peak
Page 301 and 302:
A stack is 5 feet in diameter, the
Page 303 and 304:
A sample counted for ten minutes re
Page 305 and 306:
The purpose of a "chi-squared" test
Page 307 and 308:
A worker is exposed to different ra
Page 309 and 310:
Assuming a maximum permissible dose
Page 311 and 312:
You measure the dose rate at a job
Page 313 and 314:
The exposure rate from a point sour
Page 315 and 316:
According to the ICRP, "ALI" stands
Page 317 and 318:
What happens to the noble gases aft
Page 319 and 320:
The detection of radioactive tritiu
Page 321 and 322:
The approximate exposure rate (R/hr
Page 323 and 324:
What materials are most commonly us
Page 325 and 326:
An individual breathes a concentrat
Page 327 and 328:
The MOST effective bioassay method
Page 329 and 330:
According to 10 CFR Part 20, the qu
Page 331 and 332:
When calibrating radiation detectio
Page 333 and 334:
Which of the following is the best
Page 335 and 336:
The DAC for inert gases is based on
Page 337 and 338:
The absorbed dose from the alpha pa
Page 339 and 340:
An Airborne Radioactivity Area must
Page 341 and 342:
Albedo dosimetry will function prop
Page 343 and 344:
What is the ionization region? A) t
Page 345 and 346:
The difference between x-ray and ne
Page 347 and 348:
Three different labs measure the sa
Page 349 and 350:
An ionization chamber which as a di
Page 351 and 352:
A NaI counting system would be appr
Page 353 and 354:
A person is standing in a semi-infi
Page 355 and 356:
The net counts observed from succes
Page 357 and 358:
For NaI and GeLi detectors, as gamm
Page 359 and 360:
Ar-41 is a noble gas which decays b
Page 361 and 362:
The exposure rate at two feet from
Page 363 and 364:
A worker spends 90 minutes in a fie
Page 365 and 366:
Obtaining reproducible results duri
Page 367 and 368:
A worker stands 12 feet from a gamm
Page 369 and 370:
Determine the mean of the following
Page 371 and 372:
The full width of a given photopeak
Page 373 and 374:
In the G-M region of a gas filled t
Page 375 and 376:
Which of the following materials is
Page 377 and 378:
The average number of ion pairs pro
Page 379 and 380:
An important advantage of using a h
Page 381 and 382:
The target organ for most transport
Page 383 and 384:
The short-lived Radon (Rn-222) deca
Page 385 and 386:
Which material is most likely to io
Page 387 and 388:
In a field of mixed neutron and gam
Page 389 and 390:
Tissue dose from thermal neutrons p
Page 391 and 392:
The provisions of ANSI N13.11-1983
Page 393 and 394:
If the skin were contaminated by an
Page 395 and 396:
Which statement is most accurate? A
Page 397 and 398:
Measurement uncertainty in a radiat
Page 399 and 400:
What is the most efficient ratio of
Page 401 and 402:
When performing in-vivo measurement
Page 403 and 404:
Gas and aerosol detectors (smoke de
Page 405 and 406:
To obtain count rates that will fal
Page 407 and 408:
Germanium-Lithium semiconductor det
Page 409 and 410:
One of the components of the liquid
Page 411 and 412:
A sample containing tritium, Carbon
Page 413 and 414:
Quenching effects in a liquid scint
Page 415 and 416:
A gamma spectrometer spectrum of a
Page 417 and 418:
You are analyzing a sample containi
Page 419 and 420:
To improve the efficiency of an ins
Page 421 and 422:
You are assigned to count a number
Page 423 and 424:
The method used to determine the am
Page 425 and 426:
In a gas filled detector a low volt
Page 427 and 428:
A gas-filled detector in which the
Page 429 and 430:
A semi-conductor is distinguished f
Page 431 and 432:
An "acceptor" substance in a semi-c
Page 433 and 434:
The secondary emission ratio of a p
Page 435 and 436:
Methods used to reduce the amount o
Page 437 and 438:
For protons and neutrons, most of t
Page 439 and 440:
A long counter is encased in a cadm
Page 441 and 442:
Choose the BEST answer that describ
Page 443 and 444:
In a photomultiplier tube with 7 dy
Page 445 and 446:
A dose of 20 rem from alpha radiati
Page 447 and 448:
The efficiency for collecting ion p
Page 449 and 450:
Which planchet material would yield
Page 451 and 452:
Which of the following reactions is
Page 453 and 454:
Which of the following has a densit
Page 455 and 456:
A 1Kg block of ice and a 1 Kg block
Page 457 and 458:
The difference between the energy 1
Page 459 and 460:
The process of transferring photon
Page 461 and 462:
Given a uniform disk source of radi
Page 463 and 464:
A photon with a linear attenuation
Page 465 and 466:
The buildup factor used in shieldin
Page 467 and 468:
The half-value thickness for 1 MeV
Page 469 and 470:
BF3 gas filled detectors frequently
Page 471 and 472:
A GM detector with a resolving time
Page 473 and 474:
Electrons that are initially at res
Page 475 and 476:
For general area radiation surveys,
Page 477 and 478:
For a gas filled detector operating
Page 479 and 480:
For a typical NaI scintillation det
Page 481 and 482:
What is the approximate efficiency
Page 483 and 484:
The largest respirable particle is
Page 485 and 486:
A worker wearing a respirator with
Page 487 and 488:
The term solubility or transportabi
Page 489 and 490:
Which is the major factor in consid
Page 491 and 492:
The most important types of environ
Page 493 and 494:
The fraction of unattached radon de
Page 495 and 496:
Why is the thumb rule formula X = 6
Page 497 and 498:
A low energy alpha detector is usua
Page 499 and 500:
A sample of radioactive material is
Page 501 and 502:
A worker accidentally ingested one
Page 503 and 504:
Conjunctivitis may result from a we
Page 505 and 506:
Eventually, charged particles give
Page 507 and 508:
Gamma rays get their energy from: A
Page 509 and 510:
What is the usual unit of measureme
Page 511 and 512:
Normal background radiation exposur
Page 513 and 514:
Plutonium, taken into the circulato
Page 515 and 516:
The average person contains about 0
Page 517 and 518:
The current OSHA standard for far f
Page 519 and 520:
The fraction of atoms which undergo
Page 521 and 522:
The portion of the body most suscep
Page 523 and 524:
The gray is a quantity used to expr
Page 525 and 526:
A very thin windowed Geiger-Mueller
Page 527 and 528:
What is the charge produced in a 25
Page 529 and 530:
What is one of the special units us
Page 531 and 532:
When a charged particle strikes an
Page 533 and 534:
Which of the following is a Beta em
Page 535 and 536:
Which one of the following types of
Page 537 and 538:
What will the activity of 10 Ci of
Page 539 and 540:
Radon has been estimated to account
Page 541 and 542:
Two cost effective means available
Page 543 and 544:
Higher atomic weight (Z) elements t
Page 545 and 546:
Under the SI system there have been
Page 547 and 548:
Smokers have increased exposure to
Page 549 and 550:
When ionizing energy ejects an elec
Page 551 and 552:
What is the decay constant for Carb
Page 553 and 554:
A scintillation counter takes advan
Page 555 and 556:
Radioactive decay is said to be fir
Page 557 and 558:
How long will it take for 200 Ci of
Page 559 and 560:
If an individual incurred a dose eq
Page 561 and 562:
A "pig" is a: A) Container used to
Page 563 and 564:
What is a "neutrino"? A) Massless p
Page 565 and 566:
What is elastic scattering of a pho
Page 567 and 568:
What is the "photoelectric effect"
Page 569 and 570:
What happens to the incident photon
Page 571 and 572:
Which effect predominates in the 10
Page 573 and 574:
What effect predominates in the gre
Page 575 and 576:
What is the SI unit of activity? A)
Page 577 and 578:
The equivalent energy for the rest
Page 579 and 580:
Which of the following is isobaric
Page 581 and 582:
Name the initial and final nuclide
Page 583 and 584:
Name the initial and final member o
Page 585 and 586:
Plutonium: A) Occurs naturally B) I
Page 587 and 588:
What is a use of a chelating agent?
Page 589 and 590:
The periodic table lists: A) All el
Page 591 and 592:
A radionuclide that is constantly b
Page 593 and 594:
The target organ for consideration
Page 595 and 596:
If Kr-90 is released from the stack
Page 597 and 598:
In a radioactive decay process in w
Page 599 and 600:
In a radioactive decay process in w
Page 601 and 602:
A build-up factor equal to one in a
Page 603 and 604:
Radiation in the visible spectrum t
Page 605 and 606:
The energy distribution of alpha em
Page 607 and 608:
Radium is considered to be a ______
Page 609 and 610:
A proportional counter has enough v
Page 611 and 612:
A Geiger counter should never have
Page 613 and 614:
Proportional counters have gas ampl
Page 615 and 616:
The primary function of a radiation
Page 617 and 618:
What is the approximate efficiency
Page 619 and 620:
For what reason is a mica window us
Page 621 and 622:
The function of a cascade impactor
Page 623 and 624:
The "end window" on a Geiger-Muelle
Page 625 and 626:
The term "acute radiation syndrome"
Page 627 and 628:
A fundamental law in radiobiology t
Page 629 and 630:
For transportation of radioactive m
Page 631 and 632:
Which radiation monitoring device u
Page 633 and 634:
The pancake GM probe is designed fo
Page 635 and 636:
Human excreta containing medically
Page 637 and 638:
What is a "phantom" in reference to
Page 639 and 640:
The Department of Transportation (D
Page 641 and 642:
Page 643 and 644:
Page 645 and 646:
KERMA is a unit of radiation measur
Page 647 and 648:
How does the NRC regulate x-ray mac
Page 649 and 650:
The SI unit for radiation absorbed
Page 651 and 652:
The SI unit of activity is the: A)
Page 653 and 654:
The underlying principle for radior
Page 655 and 656:
As a charged particle loses energy
Page 657 and 658:
What is the mathematical relationsh
Page 659 and 660:
The "lapse rate" is the: A) Tempera
Page 661 and 662:
The best data to use to estimate th
Page 663 and 664:
What is a disadvantage of a long sa
Page 665 and 666:
Given a reading of 100 mr/hr (gamma
Page 667 and 668:
Which of the following is not a nat
Page 669 and 670:
The occupational derived air concen
Page 671 and 672:
What does an "alpha" emission consi
Page 673 and 674:
A radium decay scheme is represente
Page 675 and 676:
In the beta particle decay of stron
Page 677 and 678:
What is a Roentgen? A) The amount o
Page 679 and 680:
Why are the low atomic number mater
Page 681 and 682:
The TLV for exposure to radiation f
Page 683 and 684:
Which of the following series is an
Page 685 and 686:
In an absorbing medium, one gray (1
Page 687 and 688:
A one liter Marinelli air sample is
Page 689 and 690:
If an atom is assembled from its co
Page 691 and 692:
You have 400 millicuries of a radio
Page 693 and 694:
The difference between x-rays and g
Page 695 and 696:
A 7 mg/cm2 mylar window is used on
Page 697 and 698:
Effects of acute radiation exposure
Page 699 and 700:
What is the "threshold" of radiatio
Page 701 and 702:
Page 703 and 704:
Most of the dose received by man fr
Page 705 and 706:
For an isotope having an allowed co
Page 707 and 708:
All of the following statements abo
Page 709 and 710:
Isotopes are: A) different radionuc
Page 711 and 712:
Which of the following has the high
Page 713 and 714:
Following electron capture, the fol
Page 715 and 716:
A technician surveys a shielded pur
Page 717 and 718:
In the interaction of thermal neutr
Page 719 and 720:
Which of the following organ system
Page 721 and 722:
Page 723 and 724:
Why are the dose equivalent limits
Page 725 and 726:
Why is a child more radiosensitive
Page 727 and 728:
If a large group of people receive
Page 729 and 730:
What is the main factor determining
Page 731 and 732:
The range of a 2 MeV alpha particle
Page 733 and 734:
An isotope is one of two or more at
Page 735 and 736:
The symbols Pa, Ga, Sn, Ni represen
Page 737 and 738:
If the maximum beta particle energy
Page 739 and 740:
The major source of radiation expos
Page 741 and 742:
In the energy range from 0.1 to 5 M
Page 743 and 744:
The Roentgen is a measure of: A) ab
Page 745 and 746:
The antineutrino is associated with
Page 747 and 748:
The three types of blood cells in t
Page 749 and 750:
The range of an alpha particle in t
Page 751 and 752:
After four half-lives, the original
Page 753 and 754:
Workers are exposed to a Cs-137 con
Page 755 and 756:
Based on the 1990 BEIR V Report, th
Page 757 and 758:
Based on the laws of Bergoinie and
Page 759 and 760:
Which one of the following lists th
Page 761 and 762:
Genetic mutations are one possible
Page 763 and 764:
The roentgen is equal to: A) 1.0 co
Page 765 and 766:
Cancer induced by radon daughters i
Page 767 and 768:
Unlike many man made materials, whe
Page 769 and 770:
Deleterious effects caused by radia
Page 771 and 772:
Cigarette smokers who smoke 1.5 pac
Page 773 and 774:
Sr-85 is used in the treatment of b
Page 775 and 776:
Uranium and Thorium decay products
Page 777 and 778:
The relationship between the mass o
Page 779 and 780:
The NRC defines a hot particle as a
Page 781 and 782:
Uptake and retention of a radionucl
Page 783 and 784:
An active person who eats a high fi
Page 785 and 786:
Cesium-137 decays by emitting: A) t
Page 787 and 788:
A mole of U-238 weighs: A) 238 amu
Page 789 and 790:
The SI unit of energy is: A) Siever
Page 791 and 792:
The nucleus transfers its energy to
Page 793 and 794:
The formula for calculating specifi
Page 795 and 796:
A radionuclide with a parent half-l
Page 797 and 798:
As an alpha particle transverses a
Page 799 and 800:
The average energy of a positron em
Page 801 and 802:
The stopping power for electrons __
Page 803 and 804:
Kerma is the sum of the initial kin
Page 805 and 806:
The term used to describe a process
Page 807 and 808:
Rn-220 is a member of which of the
Page 809 and 810:
Which of the following naturally oc
Page 811 and 812:
An absorbed dose of 3 rad results i
Page 813 and 814:
Which of the following is equivalen
Page 815 and 816:
The electron volt is: A) a unit of
Page 817 and 818:
Which of the following does NOT aff
Page 819 and 820:
If the half life of a radionuclide
Page 821:
Which of the following is the BEST
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