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The following are considered as risks of chronic low-level radiation exposure: A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 1,3 E) 2,3,4 1) sterility 2) leukemia 3) cataracts 4) skin erythema The correct answer is: B The risk of chronic, low-level exposure, such as occupational exposures, is for stochastic effects only. The only stochastic effect shown is leukemia.
Which of the following radionuclides is a bone seeker? A) Ca-45 B) I-125 C) I-131 D) Kr-85 E) Co-60 The correct answer is: A The metabolism of radionuclides in the body is dependent upon chemical form. Since stable calcium goes to the bone, so to does radioactive calcium.
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For calculating dose to an organ fr
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The major radiological health conce
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A x-ray machine is operated in a cl
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The goal and future requirement reg
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A Pu-Be source should be stored: A)
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In the shielding equation I = Io e^
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Which of the following is the MOST
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How are tools or equipment transfer
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Which of the following surveys shou
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The following dosimetry should be w
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When using a charcoal cartridge wit
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The use of a Radioactive Yellow III
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Remediation of areas contaminated w
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Leak test of sealed radioactive sou
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The two organzations which review a
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Which of the following contributes
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Which of the following are distingu
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In planning shielding for walls of
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Most operating light water nuclear
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Which of the following is in the or
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The linear attenuation coefficient
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If a shielding material has a half-
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The units used to express u/p (mu o
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Air sample results from an unoccupi
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The minimum recommended face veloci
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An air sampler is run for 45 minute
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A fixed air filter at a nuclear pow
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The agency which approves the desig
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A respirator containing a high effi
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The maximum allowable radiation lev
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At what level does loose alpha cont
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According to the BEIR V Report, the
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Allowable radiation and contaminati
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The four emergency classifications
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A technician responds with emergenc
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The amount of shielding required to
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The transport index is determined a
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The BEST shielding for a Phosphorus
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As a result of Three Mile Island ac
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Radioactive material may be transpo
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What is the attenuation coefficient
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The MAIN purpose of isokinetic samp
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A toluene and P-32 spill occurs in
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The dose buildup factor is 5 at the
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What is the appropriate method of u
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Immediate telephone notification to
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After shutdown of a particle accele
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In a linear accelerator radiation s
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Personnel monitoring equipment is r
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A nurse drops a 30 millicurie liqui
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An air sample is run at 2 cubic fee
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In shielding sources which produce
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Radioactive liquids may be transpor
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The protection factor for an atmosp
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A shield has to be constructed in f
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Reactor chemistry samples are often
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When sampling for radioactive fallo
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One DAC-hour is approximately equal
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Which of the following materials wi
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When is a neutron radiation survey
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Why should swipes in a loose-surfac
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World population exposures due to f
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Strict adherence to ICRP Publicatio
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ICRP recommends a weighting factor
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ICRP Publication 26 states, "No pra
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To limit possible exposure to radia
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In emergency planning, a "protectiv
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State the purpose of the main steam
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The radionuclide that is the main c
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If personnel with doses less than 1
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Prior to 1988, explicit recommendat
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In general, the most important sour
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When communicating information rega
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The ordering of the following shiel
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Which of the following statements a
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If the most restrictive airborne ra
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The maximum protection factor that
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For regulatory compliance purposes,
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The radionuclide used to improve op
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The target and filter material used
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Most newer mammographic units conta
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Theraputic radionuclides are used t
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Radiation leakage from an x-ray tub
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The dominant external radiation haz
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Power reactors do not routinely cou
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The occupation limit for radon expo
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Monitoring of nuclear power plant e
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Sample lines for plant vents must b
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The code of Federal Regulations, 40
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During the early phase of an accide
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A radioactive shipment is being pre
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The effective dose equivalent allow
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The amount of tritium allowed by 10
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An individual has received an intak
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The class "D" in Appendix B to part
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The concentration values given in T
Page 193 and 194:
The Department of Energy's yearly a
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A DOE radiation worker has a lifeti
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The best way to reduce the volume o
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A Notice of Violation will not be i
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After exposure rates from radioacti
Page 203 and 204:
The leakage radiation from a diagno
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What neutron quality factor did the
Page 207 and 208:
According to 10 CFR 20 radiological
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Which of the following Regulatory G
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Which of the following is NOT true
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According to the EPA, a home should
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A shipment of radioactive materials
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The tissue weighting factor for the
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According to NUREG-0713, which of t
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According to 10 CFR 20 the definiti
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According to 10 CFR 20, how often d
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You work at a nuclear power plant,
Page 227 and 228:
A safe geometry to prevent critical
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Which of the following bioassay met
Page 231 and 232:
Radiobiological evidence suggests t
Page 233 and 234:
The "planned special exposure" prov
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A female radiation worker declares
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The iodine isotope that would deliv
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A Type A quantity of radioactive ma
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When working with liquid solutions
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At a nuclear power reactor facility
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Doses to the thyroid and whole body
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The term "reference man" in health
Page 249 and 250:
According to 10 CFR 20 Appendix A,
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The Radioactive Yellow II and III l
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For an exclusive use, closed transp
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Which of the following regulations
Page 257 and 258:
The sensitivity of photographic fil
Page 259 and 260:
If the DAC for Rn-222 is 3.0 E-8 mi
Page 261 and 262:
The full width at half maximum peak
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What are the constituents of the fi
Page 265 and 266:
A meter reads 40,000 net cpm and th
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According to ANSI N323-1978, portab
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Common radionuclides used for the c
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How long must a sample with a count
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Quality factor is a function of the
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A proper average quality factor for
Page 277 and 278:
A point source of 137-Cs with an ac
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An individual breathes a concentrat
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A person is standing in a semi-infi
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Personnel dosimetry records must be
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How is beta exposure determined in
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The major internal pathway for radi
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Which of the following radionuclide
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Proportional counters operate at __
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The sensitivity of a pressurized io
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If 100 counts are recorded with a d
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A tissue-equivalent chamber must: A
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The full width at half maximum peak
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A stack is 5 feet in diameter, the
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A sample counted for ten minutes re
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The purpose of a "chi-squared" test
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A worker is exposed to different ra
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Assuming a maximum permissible dose
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You measure the dose rate at a job
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The exposure rate from a point sour
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According to the ICRP, "ALI" stands
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What happens to the noble gases aft
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The detection of radioactive tritiu
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The approximate exposure rate (R/hr
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What materials are most commonly us
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An individual breathes a concentrat
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The MOST effective bioassay method
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According to 10 CFR Part 20, the qu
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When calibrating radiation detectio
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Which of the following is the best
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The DAC for inert gases is based on
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The absorbed dose from the alpha pa
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An Airborne Radioactivity Area must
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Albedo dosimetry will function prop
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What is the ionization region? A) t
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The difference between x-ray and ne
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Three different labs measure the sa
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An ionization chamber which as a di
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A NaI counting system would be appr
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A person is standing in a semi-infi
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The net counts observed from succes
Page 357 and 358:
For NaI and GeLi detectors, as gamm
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Ar-41 is a noble gas which decays b
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The exposure rate at two feet from
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A worker spends 90 minutes in a fie
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Obtaining reproducible results duri
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A worker stands 12 feet from a gamm
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Determine the mean of the following
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The full width of a given photopeak
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In the G-M region of a gas filled t
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Which of the following materials is
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The average number of ion pairs pro
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An important advantage of using a h
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The target organ for most transport
Page 383 and 384:
The short-lived Radon (Rn-222) deca
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Which material is most likely to io
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In a field of mixed neutron and gam
Page 389 and 390:
Tissue dose from thermal neutrons p
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The provisions of ANSI N13.11-1983
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If the skin were contaminated by an
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Which statement is most accurate? A
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Measurement uncertainty in a radiat
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What is the most efficient ratio of
Page 401 and 402:
When performing in-vivo measurement
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Gas and aerosol detectors (smoke de
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To obtain count rates that will fal
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Germanium-Lithium semiconductor det
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One of the components of the liquid
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A sample containing tritium, Carbon
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Quenching effects in a liquid scint
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A gamma spectrometer spectrum of a
Page 417 and 418:
You are analyzing a sample containi
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To improve the efficiency of an ins
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You are assigned to count a number
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The method used to determine the am
Page 425 and 426:
In a gas filled detector a low volt
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A gas-filled detector in which the
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A semi-conductor is distinguished f
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An "acceptor" substance in a semi-c
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The secondary emission ratio of a p
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Methods used to reduce the amount o
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For protons and neutrons, most of t
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A long counter is encased in a cadm
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Choose the BEST answer that describ
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In a photomultiplier tube with 7 dy
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A dose of 20 rem from alpha radiati
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The efficiency for collecting ion p
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Which planchet material would yield
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Which of the following reactions is
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Which of the following has a densit
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A 1Kg block of ice and a 1 Kg block
Page 457 and 458:
The difference between the energy 1
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The process of transferring photon
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Given a uniform disk source of radi
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A photon with a linear attenuation
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The buildup factor used in shieldin
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The half-value thickness for 1 MeV
Page 469 and 470:
BF3 gas filled detectors frequently
Page 471 and 472:
A GM detector with a resolving time
Page 473 and 474:
Electrons that are initially at res
Page 475 and 476:
For general area radiation surveys,
Page 477 and 478:
For a gas filled detector operating
Page 479 and 480:
For a typical NaI scintillation det
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What is the approximate efficiency
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The largest respirable particle is
Page 485 and 486:
A worker wearing a respirator with
Page 487 and 488:
The term solubility or transportabi
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Which is the major factor in consid
Page 491 and 492:
The most important types of environ
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The fraction of unattached radon de
Page 495 and 496:
Why is the thumb rule formula X = 6
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A low energy alpha detector is usua
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A sample of radioactive material is
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A worker accidentally ingested one
Page 503 and 504:
Conjunctivitis may result from a we
Page 505 and 506:
Eventually, charged particles give
Page 507 and 508:
Gamma rays get their energy from: A
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What is the usual unit of measureme
Page 511 and 512:
Normal background radiation exposur
Page 513 and 514:
Plutonium, taken into the circulato
Page 515 and 516:
The average person contains about 0
Page 517 and 518:
The current OSHA standard for far f
Page 519 and 520:
The fraction of atoms which undergo
Page 521 and 522:
The portion of the body most suscep
Page 523 and 524:
The gray is a quantity used to expr
Page 525 and 526:
A very thin windowed Geiger-Mueller
Page 527 and 528:
What is the charge produced in a 25
Page 529 and 530:
What is one of the special units us
Page 531 and 532:
When a charged particle strikes an
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Which of the following is a Beta em
Page 535 and 536:
Which one of the following types of
Page 537 and 538:
What will the activity of 10 Ci of
Page 539 and 540:
Radon has been estimated to account
Page 541 and 542:
Two cost effective means available
Page 543 and 544:
Higher atomic weight (Z) elements t
Page 545 and 546:
Under the SI system there have been
Page 547 and 548:
Smokers have increased exposure to
Page 549 and 550:
When ionizing energy ejects an elec
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What is the decay constant for Carb
Page 553 and 554:
A scintillation counter takes advan
Page 555 and 556:
Radioactive decay is said to be fir
Page 557 and 558:
How long will it take for 200 Ci of
Page 559 and 560:
If an individual incurred a dose eq
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A "pig" is a: A) Container used to
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What is a "neutrino"? A) Massless p
Page 565 and 566:
What is elastic scattering of a pho
Page 567 and 568:
What is the "photoelectric effect"
Page 569 and 570:
What happens to the incident photon
Page 571 and 572:
Which effect predominates in the 10
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What effect predominates in the gre
Page 575 and 576:
What is the SI unit of activity? A)
Page 577 and 578:
The equivalent energy for the rest
Page 579 and 580:
Which of the following is isobaric
Page 581 and 582:
Name the initial and final nuclide
Page 583 and 584:
Name the initial and final member o
Page 585 and 586:
Plutonium: A) Occurs naturally B) I
Page 587 and 588:
What is a use of a chelating agent?
Page 589 and 590:
The periodic table lists: A) All el
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A radionuclide that is constantly b
Page 593 and 594:
The target organ for consideration
Page 595 and 596:
If Kr-90 is released from the stack
Page 597 and 598:
In a radioactive decay process in w
Page 599 and 600:
In a radioactive decay process in w
Page 601 and 602:
A build-up factor equal to one in a
Page 603 and 604:
Radiation in the visible spectrum t
Page 605 and 606:
The energy distribution of alpha em
Page 607 and 608:
Radium is considered to be a ______
Page 609 and 610:
A proportional counter has enough v
Page 611 and 612:
A Geiger counter should never have
Page 613 and 614:
Proportional counters have gas ampl
Page 615 and 616:
The primary function of a radiation
Page 617 and 618:
What is the approximate efficiency
Page 619 and 620:
For what reason is a mica window us
Page 621 and 622:
The function of a cascade impactor
Page 623 and 624:
The "end window" on a Geiger-Muelle
Page 625 and 626:
The term "acute radiation syndrome"
Page 627 and 628:
A fundamental law in radiobiology t
Page 629 and 630:
For transportation of radioactive m
Page 631 and 632:
Which radiation monitoring device u
Page 633 and 634:
The pancake GM probe is designed fo
Page 635 and 636:
Human excreta containing medically
Page 637 and 638:
What is a "phantom" in reference to
Page 639 and 640:
The Department of Transportation (D
Page 641 and 642:
Page 643 and 644:
Page 645 and 646:
KERMA is a unit of radiation measur
Page 647 and 648:
How does the NRC regulate x-ray mac
Page 649 and 650:
The SI unit for radiation absorbed
Page 651 and 652:
The SI unit of activity is the: A)
Page 653 and 654:
The underlying principle for radior
Page 655 and 656:
As a charged particle loses energy
Page 657 and 658:
What is the mathematical relationsh
Page 659 and 660:
The "lapse rate" is the: A) Tempera
Page 661 and 662:
The best data to use to estimate th
Page 663 and 664:
What is a disadvantage of a long sa
Page 665 and 666:
Given a reading of 100 mr/hr (gamma
Page 667 and 668:
Which of the following is not a nat
Page 669 and 670: The occupational derived air concen
Page 671 and 672: What does an "alpha" emission consi
Page 673 and 674: A radium decay scheme is represente
Page 675 and 676: In the beta particle decay of stron
Page 677 and 678: What is a Roentgen? A) The amount o
Page 679 and 680: Why are the low atomic number mater
Page 681 and 682: The TLV for exposure to radiation f
Page 683 and 684: Which of the following series is an
Page 685 and 686: In an absorbing medium, one gray (1
Page 687 and 688: A one liter Marinelli air sample is
Page 689 and 690: If an atom is assembled from its co
Page 691 and 692: You have 400 millicuries of a radio
Page 693 and 694: The difference between x-rays and g
Page 695 and 696: A 7 mg/cm2 mylar window is used on
Page 697 and 698: Effects of acute radiation exposure
Page 699 and 700: What is the "threshold" of radiatio
Page 701 and 702: Which of the following radionuclide
Page 703 and 704: Most of the dose received by man fr
Page 705 and 706: For an isotope having an allowed co
Page 707 and 708: All of the following statements abo
Page 709 and 710: Isotopes are: A) different radionuc
Page 711 and 712: Which of the following has the high
Page 713 and 714: Following electron capture, the fol
Page 715 and 716: A technician surveys a shielded pur
Page 717 and 718: In the interaction of thermal neutr
Page 719: Which of the following organ system
Page 723 and 724: Why are the dose equivalent limits
Page 725 and 726: Why is a child more radiosensitive
Page 727 and 728: If a large group of people receive
Page 729 and 730: What is the main factor determining
Page 731 and 732: The range of a 2 MeV alpha particle
Page 733 and 734: An isotope is one of two or more at
Page 735 and 736: The symbols Pa, Ga, Sn, Ni represen
Page 737 and 738: If the maximum beta particle energy
Page 739 and 740: The major source of radiation expos
Page 741 and 742: In the energy range from 0.1 to 5 M
Page 743 and 744: The Roentgen is a measure of: A) ab
Page 745 and 746: The antineutrino is associated with
Page 747 and 748: The three types of blood cells in t
Page 749 and 750: The range of an alpha particle in t
Page 751 and 752: After four half-lives, the original
Page 753 and 754: Workers are exposed to a Cs-137 con
Page 755 and 756: Based on the 1990 BEIR V Report, th
Page 757 and 758: Based on the laws of Bergoinie and
Page 759 and 760: Which one of the following lists th
Page 761 and 762: Genetic mutations are one possible
Page 763 and 764: The roentgen is equal to: A) 1.0 co
Page 765 and 766: Cancer induced by radon daughters i
Page 767 and 768: Unlike many man made materials, whe
Page 769 and 770: Deleterious effects caused by radia
Page 771 and 772:
Cigarette smokers who smoke 1.5 pac
Page 773 and 774:
Sr-85 is used in the treatment of b
Page 775 and 776:
Uranium and Thorium decay products
Page 777 and 778:
The relationship between the mass o
Page 779 and 780:
The NRC defines a hot particle as a
Page 781 and 782:
Uptake and retention of a radionucl
Page 783 and 784:
An active person who eats a high fi
Page 785 and 786:
Cesium-137 decays by emitting: A) t
Page 787 and 788:
A mole of U-238 weighs: A) 238 amu
Page 789 and 790:
The SI unit of energy is: A) Siever
Page 791 and 792:
The nucleus transfers its energy to
Page 793 and 794:
The formula for calculating specifi
Page 795 and 796:
A radionuclide with a parent half-l
Page 797 and 798:
As an alpha particle transverses a
Page 799 and 800:
The average energy of a positron em
Page 801 and 802:
The stopping power for electrons __
Page 803 and 804:
Kerma is the sum of the initial kin
Page 805 and 806:
The term used to describe a process
Page 807 and 808:
Rn-220 is a member of which of the
Page 809 and 810:
Which of the following naturally oc
Page 811 and 812:
An absorbed dose of 3 rad results i
Page 813 and 814:
Which of the following is equivalen
Page 815 and 816:
The electron volt is: A) a unit of
Page 817 and 818:
Which of the following does NOT aff
Page 819 and 820:
If the half life of a radionuclide
Page 821:
Which of the following is the BEST
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