Le a f-i n h a b i t i n g g e n e r a o f t h e Gn o m o n i a c e a e, Di a p o r t h a l e s Fig. 23. Gnomoniopsis chamaemori <strong>CBS</strong> 803.79, culture morphology, colony habit. A, C, E. Surface. B, D, F. Reverse. A, B. PDA. C, D. MEA. E, F. MYA. Scale 1 cm. ≡ Cryptodiapor<strong>the</strong> hystrix (Tode : Fr.) Petr., Ann. Mycol. 19: 119. 1921. = Valsa longirostris Tul. & C. Tul., Sel. Fung. Carp. 2: 200. 1863 fide Wehmeyer 1933. ≡ Diapor<strong>the</strong> longirostris (Tul. & C. Tul.) Sacc., Syll. Fung. 1: 609. 1882. = Diapor<strong>the</strong> mamiania Sacc., Syll. Fung. 1: 609. 1882 fide Wehmeyer 1933. ≡ Chorostate mamiania (Sacc.) Traverso, Fl. Ital. Crypt. 2: 201. 1906. = Sphaeria cerastis Riess, Hedwigia 1: 24. 1853. ≡ Gnomonia cerastis (Riess) Ces. & De Not., Comment. Soc. Crittog. Ital. 1: 233. 1863. = Sphaeria petioli Fuckel, Jahrb. Ver. Naturkunde Herzogthume Nassau 15: 68. 1860 fide Monod 1983. ≡ Gnomonia petioli (Fuckel) Cooke in Rabenh., Fungi Europaei exsiccati 927. 1866. = Gnomoniella brunaudiana Pass. in Brunaud, Champ. Saint. 5, 1, 1891 fide Monod 1983. = Gnomoniella hippocastani Brunaud, Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 36: 336. 1889 fide Monod 1983. = Gnomonia aesculi Oudem., Beih. bot. Centralbl. 11: 527. 1902 fide Monod 1983. = Gnomonia cerastis Riess f. nedundinis Karakulin, Morbi plant. Script. Lect. Phyto. Hort. Bot. U.S.S.R. 14: 81. 1925 fide Monod 1983. Habitat: On overwintered leaves, twigs and branches <strong>of</strong> Acer pseudoplatanus (Aceraceae) and various o<strong>the</strong>r hardwoods. Distribution: Europe (Austria, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Germany, Switzerland). Specimens examined: Canada, Ontario, Etobicoke, Dean West Park, on overwintered leaves <strong>of</strong> Acer saccharum, 1 Apr 2005, coll. M.V. Sogonov (BPI 877696) GenBank EU255019. Russia, Novgorod province, Kholm, Arboretum (Dendropark), on overwintered leaves <strong>of</strong> Fraxinus excelsior, 7 Jun 2005, coll. M.V. Sogonov (BPI 877698) GenBank255022. The Ne<strong>the</strong>rlands, Baarn, Garen Eemnersserweg 90, on leaf spot <strong>of</strong> seedling <strong>of</strong> Acer negundo, Oct 1997, coll. H.A. van der Aa 12406 (<strong>CBS</strong> 100566) GenBank EU255032. Notes: Apiognomonia hystrix as Cryptodiapor<strong>the</strong> hystrix with its synonym Gnomonia cerastis and its relationship to members <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Gnomoniaceae</strong> was recognised by Monod (1983) who provides a detailed description <strong>of</strong> this species as C. hystrix. GNOMONIOPSIS Berl., Icon. Fung. 1: 93. 1894. Type species: Gnomoniopsis chamaemori (Fr.) Berl. Peri<strong>the</strong>cia solitary or groups up to 5, without stroma, on fallen, overwintered leaves and twigs <strong>of</strong> trees and shrubs, usually epiphyllous or on petioles, on dead parts <strong>of</strong> herbaceous plants. Peri<strong>the</strong>cia black, remaining immersed, spheroidal to suboblate when moist, convex or irregularly dented when dry, round in top view, with one neck. Necks central to lateral, slightly curved to curved, shorter or slightly longer than peri<strong>the</strong>cial diam, sometimes almost absent. Asci oval to fusiform, with an apical ring, with eight spores arranged mostly biseriate or obliquely uniseriate, less commonly irregularly multiseriate. Ascospores two-celled, oval to fusiform, l:w 1.5–5, usually somewhat ovoid or pyriform; ends rounded; appendages absent. Cultures: Colonies fast growing, <strong>of</strong>ten reaching egdes <strong>of</strong> 90 mm Petri plates after 2 wk at 23 °C l/d, or moderately growing 40–60 mm diam. Colony surface usually glabrous, velvety or lanose. Colonies whitish, grey, dark brown, olive. Some species produce fertile peri<strong>the</strong>cia in culture after 5–6 mo at 2/10 Cl/d; rarely fertile peri<strong>the</strong>cia produced after 2–4 wk at 23 °C l/d. Conidiomata produced by most species after 2–4 wk at 23 °C l/d. Hosts: In diverse taxonomic groups (Ericaceae, Fagaceae, Pinaceae, Rosaceae). Most species are specific at <strong>the</strong> host species or genus level; however, a few species occur on a diverse range <strong>of</strong> plant hosts. Type species <strong>of</strong> Gnomoniopsis Gnomoniopsis chamaemori (Fr.) Berl., Icon. Fung. 1: 93. 1894. Figs 21A–C; 22A–C; 23A–F. ≡ Sphaeria chamaemori Fr., Syst. Mycol. 2: 519. 1823. Peri<strong>the</strong>cia hypophyllous or less commonly epiphyllous, immersed, subepidermal, mostly on veins, black, oblate spheroidal when moist, 150–220 µm high × 210–320 µm diam, convex when dry. Necks central, straight, 60–85 µm long, diam 45–65 µm. Asci fusiform or obclavate, 28–40 × 7–9 µm, apical ring 1.5–2 µm diam, with eight ascospores arranged irregularly multiseriate or obliquely uniseriate. Ascospores fusiform, straight to slightly curved, (10–)10.5–11.5(–13) × (2–)2.5(–3) µm (mean = 11 × 2.5, SD 0.5, 0.3, n=28), l:w (3.3–)4– 4.8(–5.5) (mean = 4.4, SD 0.6), two-celled, not constricted or slightly constricted at septum, septum located at (27–)33–38(–46) % (mean = 36, SD 5) <strong>of</strong> ascospore length, ends blunt, rounded, each cell with two large guttules, or with one big guttule and several small ones, or several indistinct guttules; appendages absent. www.studiesinmycology.org 41
So g o n o v e t a l. Fig. 24. Gnomoniopsis clavulata, culture morphology. A–F. <strong>CBS</strong> 121231. G–L. <strong>CBS</strong> 121257. M–R. Ex-type <strong>CBS</strong> 121259. S–W. G. cf. clavulata, <strong>CBS</strong> 119028. A–T, V, W. Colony habit, 40 d, 23 ºC. A, C, E, G, I, K, M, O, Q, S, V. Surface. B, D, F, H, J, L, N, P, R, T, W. Reverse. U. Conidiomata, 17 d, 23 ºC. A, B, G, H, M, N, S, T. PDA. C, D, I, J, O, P, U. MEA. E, F, K, L, Q, R, V, W. MYA. Scale: A–T, V, W. 1 cm. U. 1 mm. 42
Change language