The Conservation Status of Gibbons in Vietnam - Gibbon Research ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Nomascus gabriellaepark-wide census, 149 groups were detected at an estimated density of 0.52 (±0.47) to 0.72(±0.08) groups km -2 (Kenyon 2007). Cat Loc sector had a lower density than the rest of the park,probably because of hunting pressure and habitat degradation (Kenyon 2007). Using the raw dataof Kenyon (2007), we (BMR) estimate the total N. gabriellae of the park may exceed 300 groups(derived by applying a correction factor of 0.92 to Kenyon’s raw counts, and re-calculating gibbondensity assuming a 1.5 km listening radius and stratified by park sector). The park is contiguouswith several SFEs and Dong Nai Nature Reserve, which also supports a small population of N.gabriellae. This landscape complex is probably the highest priority for conservation of N. gabriellaein Vietnam.Threats and Conservation ActionsHunting of gibbons was common in the park prior to the 1990s but has reportedly been reduced,possibly because of increased enforcement effort (Nguyen Xuan Dang et al. 2005). In contrast,local traders identify decreasing gibbon populations as the reason for reductions in trade volumes(WCS 2009). From 2007-2008 at least 24 gibbons were traded in Dong Nai and Lam DongProvinces, to fulfill orders for pets or private zoos, and the park was identified as a major sourcearea (WCS 2009). Gibbons are sold for US$ 230-320 (WCS 2009). Some illegal logging occurs in thepark (Morris et al. 2004) and most of the park has been commercially logged (Polet 2003) whichhas probably lowered the carrying capacity for gibbons. Large areas within the park are zoned asagricultural land where park management has no authority (Polet 2003) and shifting cultivationalso occurs (Nguyen Xuan Dang et al. 2005). The park’s buffer zone is ineffectual and now largelydeforested (S. Mahood pers. comm.), with development taking precedence over conservation.From 1998-2004 a conservation project was implemented in the park, which includedmanagement planning, enforcement, biodiversity surveys, boundary demarcation, resettlementand tourism promotion (Polet & Ling 2004). From 2004-2005, community awareness campaignswere conducted around the park including 22 schools in five districts, which focused on gibbonconservation (Nguyen Xuan Dang et al. 2005). In 2008, the Dao Tien Endangered Primate SpeciesCentre was established in the park. The centre’s objective is to house confiscated primates prior torelease in the park (Kenyon et al. 2010) and at least five N. gabriellae may be released in 2011 (M.Kenyon pers. comm.). Despite these considerable efforts, ongoing conservation assistance isrequired to ensure the continued survival of N. gabriellae in the park. This should include regularpopulation monitoring, law enforcement to reduce gibbon trade, targeting of known gibbontraders and private zoos outside the park, a reduction in forest clearance and funding to maintainthe primate centre.8.3.15 Loc Bac State Forest EnterpriseLocation: Bao Lam District, Lam Dong ProvinceArea: 34,851 hectaresStatus criteria: 1a, 2c, 3c, 4b, 5cDate of most recent survey: 2004Date of most recent confirmed record: 2004Minimum population: ≥ 4 groupsStatusAt least 4-5 groups are confirmed to occur in this site, which is part of a larger landscapecontaining N. gabriellae populations (Nguyen Xuan Dang & Osborn 2004b). Over 24,000 ha (69%)of the SFE is zoned as production forest and is logged, and only 8,800 ha (25%) is zoned asprotection forest. The N. gabriellae populations are unprotected and probably in decline.92
The Conservation Status of Gibbons in VietnamThreats and Conservation ActionsHunting, logging of gibbon habitat and clearance of forest for dam and infrastructuredevelopment and agriculture threaten N. gabriellae in this site (Nguyen Xuan Dang & Osborn2004b). Priority actions include the establishment of a nature reserve in part of the SFE (NguyenXuan Dang & Osborn 2004b).8.3.16 Dong Nai Nature ReserveLocation: Vinh Cuu, Dinh Quan, Trang Bom and Thong Nhat Districts, Dong Nai ProvinceArea: 100,303 hectares (including 32,400 ha of Tri An Reservoir)Status criteria: 1a, 2c, 3c, 4b, 5fDate of most recent survey: 2010Date of most recent confirmed record: 2010Minimum population: ≥ 17 groupsStatusSurveys in 2010 recorded 15 groups of N. gabriellae with at least 31 individuals (Nguyen Manh Haet al. 2010b). Gibbons have been extirpated in some parts of the reserve, probably due tointensive hunting and logging over the past few decades (Nguyen Manh Ha et al. 2010b). Mostgibbons persist in areas close to Cat Tien National Park, and this is probably due to better habitatand protection spill-over from the park. Reserve staff report that the distribution of gibbons andother wildlife in the reserve is expanding, which may be due to improved protection (NguyenManh Ha et al. 2010b). In August 2011, two groups of gibbons were released into this reserve andare being monitored. If this proves successful more gibbons will be introduced here from the DaoTien Rescue Centre with a view to establishing another gibbon population (U. Streicher pers.comm.).Threats and Conservation ActionsHunting and logging are the key threats to N. gabriellae in this reserve, with gibbons for thewildlife trade still often sourced from this location, with an estimated minimum of five animalstraded per year (WCS 2009). Forest quality is poor in areas previously logged under state forestenterprises and may not be currently suitable for gibbons. Several roads bisect the park andagricultural encroachment is occurring along these (Nguyen Manh Ha et al. 2010b). Managementhas apparently improved over the past several years, and there are plans to reclaim agriculturallands and increase law enforcement to protect wildlife (Nguyen Manh Ha et al. 2010b).8.3.17 Nui Ong Nature ReserveLocation: Binh Thuan District, Binh Thuan ProvinceArea: 25,468 hectaresStatus criteria: 1a, 2b, 3c, 4b, 5fDate of most recent survey: 2010Date of most recent confirmed record: 2010Minimum population: ≥ 3 groups93
Page 2:
The Conservation Status of Gibbons
Page 7:
Page 10 and 11:
A site is defined in this report as
Page 12 and 13:
Abbreviations and Acronymsa.s.l. ab
Page 14 and 15:
carried out in 2000 and 2001. At Ho
Page 16 and 17:
ConclusionsWhile gibbons are afford
Page 18 and 19:
IntroductionChapter 1IntroductionFe
Page 20 and 21:
Introductionexperienced conservatio
Page 22 and 23:
Page 24 and 25:
Page 26 and 27:
Page 28 and 29:
Page 30 and 31:
Page 32 and 33:
Page 34 and 35:
Page 36 and 37:
Nomascus nasutusChapter 3Eastern bl
Page 38 and 39:
Nomascus nasutus3 Eastern Black Gib
Page 40 and 41:
Nomascus nasutusrecorded on an ad h
Page 42 and 43:
Nomascus nasutusand field surveys,
Page 44 and 45:
Nomascus concolorChapter 4Western b
Page 46 and 47:
Nomascus concolor4 Western Black Gi
Page 48 and 49:
Nomascus concolorwill provide incre
Page 50 and 51:
Nomascus concolorthose in neighbour
Page 52 and 53:
Nomascus concolorDat & Le Minh Phon
Page 54 and 55:
Nomascus leucogenysChapter 5Norther
Page 56 and 57:
Nomascus leucogenys5 Northern White
Page 58 and 59: Nomascus leucogenys5.3 Nomascus leu
Page 60 and 61: Nomascus leucogenysNguyen Manh Ha e
Page 62 and 63: Nomascus leucogenysThe reserve mana
Page 64 and 65: Nomascus leucogenys5.3.10 Pu Mat Na
Page 66 and 67: Nomascus leucogenysStatusA 13 day s
Page 68 and 69: Nomascus leucogenysDuong Anh Tuan 2
Page 70 and 71: Nomascus sikiChapter 6Southern whit
Page 72 and 73: Nomascus siki6 Southern White-cheek
Page 74 and 75: Nomascus siki6.2.5 Priority Conserv
Page 76 and 77: Nomascus sikithese vagaries, the pa
Page 78 and 79: Nomascus sikifield records (Le Manh
Page 80 and 81: Nomascus annamensisChapter 7Norther
Page 82 and 83: Nomascus annamensis7 Northern Yello
Page 84 and 85: Nomascus annamensisStatusThis site
Page 86 and 87: Nomascus annamensisThreats and Cons
Page 88 and 89: Nomascus annamensisDate of most rec
Page 92 and 93: Nomascus annamensisgroups) and 148
Page 96 and 97: Nomascus gabriellaeChapter 8Souther
Page 98 and 99: Nomascus gabriellae8 Southern Yello
Page 100 and 101: Nomascus gabriellae8.2.4 Ongoing Co
Page 102 and 103: Nomascus gabriellae8.3.4 Chu Yang S
Page 104 and 105: Nomascus gabriellaeThreats and Cons
Page 106 and 107: Nomascus gabriellaeDate of most rec
Page 110 and 111: Nomascus gabriellaeStatusThis reser
Page 112 and 113: Classification & Distribution of Cr
Page 126 and 127: Ecology & Behaviour of Crested Gibb
Page 134 and 135: References11 ReferencesAbramov, A.
Page 136 and 137: ReferencesDang Ngoc Can, Pham Duc T
Page 138 and 139: ReferencesGeissmann, T., Nguyen Man
Page 140 and 141: ReferencesLa Quang Trung, and Trinh
Page 142 and 143: ReferencesLuong Van Hao, and Le Van
Page 144 and 145: ReferencesNguyen Quang Hoa Anh, Tha
Page 146 and 147: ReferencesSrikosamatara, S., and S.
Page 148 and 149: AnnexesAnnex 1. Summary of Gibbon R
Page 150 and 151: AnnexesSiteProvinceArea(ha)Minimum
Page 152 and 153: Annexesd) number of locations or su
Page 154: Annexesc) area, extent or quality o
show all

The Conservation Status of Gibbons in Vietnam - Gibbon Research ...

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?