The Conservation Status of Gibbons in Vietnam - Gibbon Research ...

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Nomascus leucogenysNguyen Manh Ha et al. 2011a). The construction of a nearby hydropower dam, the ‘Trung SonHydropower Project’ has recently been approved and is predicted to result in further clearance offorest for agriculture and illegal logging, increased wildlife hunting for trade, an increasedincidence of forest fires and greater access to the reserve via the reservoir and new constructionroads (Anon. 2008). Further status surveys for N. leucogenys, especially in the Pha LuongMountains and surrounding buffer zone, are needed. A gun confiscation programme and otherconservation actions are strongly recommended for this reserve and to protect gibbons insurrounding forests.5.3.4 Long Luong CommuneLocation: Moc Chau District, Son La ProvinceArea: undeterminedStatus criteria: 1a, 2c, 3b, 4b, 5fDate of most recent survey: 2011Date of most recent confirmed record: 2011Minimum population: 2 groupsStatusA short survey in April 2011 observed one of only two gibbon groups reported through localinterviews to be in Long Luong Commune. The groups are located on either side of a valley usedentirely for village lands and cultivation (Luu Tuong Bach & Nguyen Van Truong 2011b). This areais ensconced between Xuan Nha and Hang Kia-Pa Co Nature Reserves and this has been the onlyconfirmed record of gibbons within that landscape during the past decade. Village interviewssuggest the gibbons in Long Luong Commune are white-cheeked gibbons, although fieldobservations were not able to confirm this (Luu Tuong Bach & Nguyen Van Truong 2011b).Museum specimens of N. concolor were apparently collected in nearby Long Sap Commune in1963, sparking debate about N. concolor being found west of the Black River (Song Da)(Geissmann et al. 2000).Threats and Conservation ActionsThis population is no longer viable, being so small and the two groups separated from oneanother. In addition hunting is reported in the area, apparently from outsiders, and shiftingcultivation leaves only small isolated patches of forest on rocky mountains.About ten years ago local villagers of Mong ethnicity had agreed among themselves to protectthe local gibbon groups because they were not perceived as causing any harm and there was alocal superstition that killing gibbons can bring bad luck (Luu Tuong Bach & Nguyen Van Truong2011b). Similar examples of village protection of local gibbons is reported to be widespreadthroughout neighbouring Laos, occasionally by Mong villages (Duckworth 2008; MAF 2011), butthis is the only such case recorded in Vietnam in this status review. Regrettably, it is probably toolate for support to this local interest in gibbon conservation to have any impact.5.3.5 Pu Hu Nature ReserveLocation: Quan Hoa, Quan Son and Muong Lat Districts, Thanh Hoa ProvinceArea: 27,503 hectaresStatus criteria: 1b, 2b, 3b, 4b, 5fDate of most recent survey: 2003Date of most recent confirmed record: N/AMinimum population: unknown; possibly extirpated44
The Conservation Status of Gibbons in VietnamStatusIn 2009, the director of this reserve reported that four gibbon groups survived in the reserve andthat one captive gibbon had been confiscated in 2009 (Nguyen Xuan Dang pers. comm.). In 2008,local reports of gibbons were obtained during wildlife surveys (Anon. 2008). In contrast, in 2003no evidence that gibbons persist in the reserve was found during 20 days of interviews andfieldwork focused on gibbons (Nguyen Manh Ha 2005). Residents reported that gibbons had notbeen heard for five years, probably due to high hunting pressure, and Nguyen Manh Ha (2005)concluded that gibbons were extirpated from the reserve. Interview surveys in 2005 (Le Trong Trai2005) and 2008 (Nguyen Xuan Dang pers. comm.) also returned no records. In 1998, a captiveindividual was present in the reserve (Anon. 1998).Threats and Conservation ActionsAny surviving gibbons are probably under imminent threat of extirpation. In addition, theconstruction of the ‘Trung Son Hydropower Project’ is likely to have an impact on Pu Hu NatureReserve and is predicted to result in further clearance of forest for agriculture and illegal logging,increased wildlife hunting for trade, an increased incidence of forest fires and greater access tothe reserve via the reservoir and new construction roads (Anon. 2008). No conservation actions forgibbons are advocated at this time, given the need to focus financial and technical resources onsites with confirmed populations and the fact that further rapid assessments might not establishany new information. The reserve should be included in national planning efforts for gibbons, toraise staff awareness so that any further sightings will be documented and reported by reservestaff.5.3.6 Xuan Lien Nature ReserveLocation: Thuong Xuan and Nhu Xuan Districts, Thanh Hoa ProvinceArea: 27,668 hectaresStatus criteria: 1a, 2a, 3a, 4b, 5cDate of most recent survey: 2007Date of most recent confirmed record: 2007Minimum population: ≥ 7 groupsStatusSurveys in 2007 (Le Huu Oanh & Rawson 2007), 2003 (Nguyen Manh Ha 2005) and 2002 (La QuangTrung & Trinh Dinh Hoang 2002a) confirmed the presence of a nationally significant population ofthis species in this reserve. Collectively these surveys identified 5-6 groups in Bat Mot Communewith interviews suggesting another 2-3 groups in Xuan Lien Commune; in total, at least 7-9groups survive within Xuan Lien Nature Reserve. These groups are therefore part of a largertransboundary population with neighbouring Pu Hoat Nature Reserve in Nghe An Province (seebelow). In total, 10-12 groups have been recorded in the two reserves.Threats and Conservation ActionsHabitat loss, due to previous development activities and ongoing conversion for agriculture andlogging, are the principle threats to N. leucogenys in this site. Large areas of forest were inundatedby construction of the Cua Dat reservoir, which has reduced lowland habitats in the reserve.Hunting pressure on gibbons is apparently low, which reserve staff accord to effective protection,but which may also reflect the rarity of gibbons in the reserve (Nguyen Manh Ha 2005). At leastone gibbon was hunted in 2000 (Nguyen Manh Ha 2005) and another in 2007 (Vu Ngoc Thanhpers. comm.), the latter subsequently confiscated by reserve staff (Le Huu Oanh & Rawson 2007).45
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The Conservation Status of Gibbons
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The Conservation Status of Gibbons
Page 10 and 11: A site is defined in this report as
Page 12 and 13: Abbreviations and Acronymsa.s.l. ab
Page 14 and 15: carried out in 2000 and 2001. At Ho
Page 16 and 17: ConclusionsWhile gibbons are afford
Page 18 and 19: IntroductionChapter 1IntroductionFe
Page 20 and 21: Introductionexperienced conservatio
Page 22 and 23: The Conservation Status of Gibbons
Page 36 and 37: Nomascus nasutusChapter 3Eastern bl
Page 38 and 39: Nomascus nasutus3 Eastern Black Gib
Page 40 and 41: Nomascus nasutusrecorded on an ad h
Page 42 and 43: Nomascus nasutusand field surveys,
Page 44 and 45: Nomascus concolorChapter 4Western b
Page 46 and 47: Nomascus concolor4 Western Black Gi
Page 48 and 49: Nomascus concolorwill provide incre
Page 50 and 51: Nomascus concolorthose in neighbour
Page 52 and 53: Nomascus concolorDat & Le Minh Phon
Page 54 and 55: Nomascus leucogenysChapter 5Norther
Page 56 and 57: Nomascus leucogenys5 Northern White
Page 58 and 59: Nomascus leucogenys5.3 Nomascus leu
Page 62 and 63: Nomascus leucogenysThe reserve mana
Page 64 and 65: Nomascus leucogenys5.3.10 Pu Mat Na
Page 66 and 67: Nomascus leucogenysStatusA 13 day s
Page 68 and 69: Nomascus leucogenysDuong Anh Tuan 2
Page 70 and 71: Nomascus sikiChapter 6Southern whit
Page 72 and 73: Nomascus siki6 Southern White-cheek
Page 74 and 75: Nomascus siki6.2.5 Priority Conserv
Page 76 and 77: Nomascus sikithese vagaries, the pa
Page 78 and 79: Nomascus sikifield records (Le Manh
Page 80 and 81: Nomascus annamensisChapter 7Norther
Page 82 and 83: Nomascus annamensis7 Northern Yello
Page 84 and 85: Nomascus annamensisStatusThis site
Page 86 and 87: Nomascus annamensisThreats and Cons
Page 88 and 89: Nomascus annamensisDate of most rec
Page 92 and 93: Nomascus annamensisgroups) and 148
Page 96 and 97: Nomascus gabriellaeChapter 8Souther
Page 98 and 99: Nomascus gabriellae8 Southern Yello
Page 100 and 101: Nomascus gabriellae8.2.4 Ongoing Co
Page 102 and 103: Nomascus gabriellae8.3.4 Chu Yang S
Page 104 and 105: Nomascus gabriellaeThreats and Cons
Page 106 and 107: Nomascus gabriellaeDate of most rec
Page 108 and 109: Nomascus gabriellaepark-wide census
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Nomascus gabriellaeStatusThis reser
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Classification & Distribution of Cr
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Ecology & Behaviour of Crested Gibb
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References11 ReferencesAbramov, A.
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ReferencesDang Ngoc Can, Pham Duc T
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ReferencesGeissmann, T., Nguyen Man
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ReferencesLa Quang Trung, and Trinh
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ReferencesLuong Van Hao, and Le Van
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ReferencesNguyen Quang Hoa Anh, Tha
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ReferencesSrikosamatara, S., and S.
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AnnexesAnnex 1. Summary of Gibbon R
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AnnexesSiteProvinceArea(ha)Minimum
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Annexesd) number of locations or su
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Annexesc) area, extent or quality o
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