Atmospheric Transmission Beer's Law

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3/31/10Scattering geometryNote variation ofintensity withdirectionBackward scattering(backscattering)Forward scatteringThin clouds – effect of scatteringThin cloudsThick clouds• Optically thin clouds can look brighter when viewed towards the Sun, andvice versa• This is due to the extreme asymmetry in forward-backward scattering bycloud droplets, and the dominance of single (not multiple) scattering4
3/31/10• β e = β a + β sExtinction of radiation• The extinction coefficient (β e ) is the sum of an absorptioncoefficient (β a ) and a scattering coefficient (β s ) – all have unitsof inverse length (m -1 )• For milk, β a ≈ 0 so β e ≈ β s ; for ink β s ≈ 0 so β e ≈ β a• To characterize the relative importance of scattering andabsorption in a medium, the single scatter albedo (ω) is used:• ω = 0 for a purely absorbing medium (ink), 1 in a purelyscattering medium (milk)Based on their appearance what would you concludeabout the spectral dependence of β e and ω for……• A cloud?Highly reflective ofsunlight, suggesting thatthe SSA is very close toone. Clouds are white,rather than some othershade, suggesting thatthe SSA and extinctioncoefficient don’t dependmuch on wavelengthwithin the visible band.5
Page 1 and 2: 3/31/10Atmospheric TransmissionBeer
Page 3: 3/31/10Extinction of radiation• A
Page 8 and 9: 3/31/10Properties of Beer’s Law
Page 10 and 11: 3/31/10Optical depth problemThe opt
Page 12 and 13: 3/31/10More Beer’s LawNow taking
Page 14 and 15: 3/31/10Deviations from Beer’s Law
Page 16 and 17: ONREMOTE CONTROLTX IN RX IN PPS-CON
Page 18 and 19: 3/31/10Slant and vertical atmospher
Page 20 and 21: 3/31/10Atmospheric transmittanceUV-
Page 22 and 23: 3/31/10Extinction and scattering by
Page 24 and 25: 3/31/10Measuring solar intensity fr
Page 26 and 27: 3/31/10Mass pathτ (z) = k aw 1ρ 0
Page 28 and 29: 3/31/10Optical thickness and transm
Page 30 and 31: 3/31/10The Aerosol Indirect Effect

Atmospheric Transmission Beer's Law

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