CAAN Souvenir 2010.FH10 - Civil Aviation Authority of Nepal

More documents

Recommendations

Info

CAAN Souvenir 2010Aviation History:Progress of human beings has always been linkedwith his ability to travel. Although legends, historyand literature demonstrate interest in the possibility of humanflight, which did not succeed until 17 December 1903, whenWright brothers introduced the Golden Age for Aviation byflying first airplane made of a frail structure of metal,wood and fabric. The Second World War was apowerful catalyst for the technical developmentof the aeroplane. At that time, a vast network ofpassenger and freight carriage was set up. Thetremendous growth in aviation became thechallenge as well as opportunity for the peopleof the aviation community. On 7th December 1944International Civil Aviation Organization came intoexistence. The Chicago Convention entered in forceon 4 April 1947. The Convention accepts theprinciple that every State has complete and exclusivesovereignty over the airspace above its territory and providesthat no scheduled international air service may operate overor into the territory of a Contracting State without its previousconsent.Nepal, whose total area is 1, 47,181 square kilometer (sqkm)elongated east west, is situated in between TibetanAutonomous Region of the People's Republic of China innorth and India in west, south and east. Its length is 885 kmeast-west and its breadth varies from 145-241 km north-south.It has about 3091000 hectors of cultivated agricultural land& total population about 25.887 million. Nepal is a multiracialand multilingual country. There are more than 61 ethnicgroups that speak around 70 different languages and dialects.Nepal's economy is mainly agriculture-based and 65.7%population above 10 years involve in agriculture. Rest areinvolved in service (inside and outside country), business anda few people are diverting to different industries. Ninetypercent of the inhabitants live in the rural areas. The countryis divided into main three geographical belts running east towest. The Terai (plain) region is a semi tropical area withelevation as low as 70 metres (m) above mean sea level andit covers 17% of total land. The Hilly region in the middle beltrises to an elevation of 4877 m and it covers 68% of totalland. Similarly the altitude of the Himalayan region, whichcovers 15% of total land, ranges between 4,877m.-8,848m.In this region lie eight of the 14 highest peaks in the worldwhich exceed an altitude of 8,000m above mean sea levelincluding Mount Everest. There is nominal surface transportationcovering the country. About 53 km is covered by railways,about 42 km is covered by ropeways and about 17609 kmby road which include 5222 km black topped,4738 graveledand 7649 fair weather roads. Similarly, 40 of the 75 districts(53.33%) out of which 18 are inaccessible by road areconnected by airports. However there are still two districts(Myagdi & Dailekha) directly inaccessible by road as wellas airports. As it is inconvenient, unreliable, quite expensiveand time consuming to provide road transportation facilitiesto the people of Nepal, air transportation in the country hasautomatically climbed high in demand .On one hand the dimension of its landlocked and mountainousRajesh Raj Dali*Future prospect of GautamBuddha (Lumbini) RegionalInternational Airporttopography has seriously handicapped the nationaldevelopment activities, on the other hand naturalbeauties, national parks, wild life, very renownedplaces for pilgrimage, immense cultural heritageof temple, pagoda and monuments, enchantingflora and fauna, rapidly descending rivers for rafting,unique topography for ballooning, hang gliding,paragliding and ecologically rich diversities hasmade Nepal the main attraction for tourismpromotion. As the Nepalese economy is moredependent on tourism and foreign trade, which are the twomain sources of foreign currency earnings as well asemployment generation, adequate provision of air transportservices is required to establish direct air links within thecountry, neighboring countries and the rest of the world forthe promotion of tourism and commodity exports, as boththese industries are labour-intensive. Nepalese travel andtourism scenario will set a stage for augmenting regional andinternational air services for a landlocked country to help thedevelopment of these vibrant sectors of national economy.Similarly air transportation has been playing a key role inthe development of remote region and alleviation of povertyof people in Nepal.The history begins in aviation when a pilot landed his glideron the old golf course in 1947 where as the Civil Aviationactivities in Nepal started only after 1949 April (2006 BS)when a small four seated single engine Vintage Beach-craftBonanza aircraft landed at Kathmandu green pastured land(airstrip) known as 'Gaucharan'. The further developmentand expansion of this Gaucharan has resulted in Nepal'sonly International Airport – Tribhuvan International Airport(TIA). As aviation is most dynamic in nature, Nepal has beentrying to go in line with the ever changing, ever growing andever developing air transportation sector. With the adoptionof Liberal Sky policy, a competitive edge in terms of safety,economy, efficiency and reliability has been generated. Thecurrent development in the aviation industry in Nepal hascreated an atmosphere for excellent opportunities forconstruction of new airports and upgrading of existing airportto fit the current demand of passenger and operation ofaircraft. Further, increase in aircraft fleets and expansion ofthe airlines will see considerable growth in demand for fullfacilities and services at the existing airports. So there shouldbe some planning which can upgrade the existing airportsup to the standard level seeked by today's demand. The timehas come to identify those airports for developing facilitiesand services as required by the current demand and to attractthe operators to use the airports as per the demand ofpassengers.There is tremendous growth in passenger movement in domesticas well as international operation of flights. Because of the912 th Anniversary Publication
10demand, lots of people are interested to establish domesticas well as international airlines in Nepal. Similarly the newaviation policy 2063, has also encouraged national andinternational entrepreneurs to invest in construction orupgrading of airports and in establishing domestic orinternational airlines. Up till now out of 60 air operatorcertificate (AOC) issued to domestic operators only 28 airlineshave valid AOC and there are only 23 airlines includingparagliding operating so far. Similarly, there are 51 fixedwing aircraft and 20 helicopters currently operating, havebeen registered in Nepal. Regarding international flights,there are 26 international airlines operating in Kathmandu.Throughout Nepal, there are 48 airports including oneinternational airport, 5 main hub airports namely Dhangadhi,Nepalgunj, Gautam Buddha, Pokhara and Biratnagar and3 more airports in pipeline under construction. But out of 48airports only 34 airports are currently connected by airservices. So it is essential that those airports which are notconnected by the air service should be studied and analyzedfor the purpose of utilizing it.Gautam Buddha (Lumbini) Airport :(GBA)BackgroundSiddhartha Nagar (Bhairahawa) is the start point of Siddharthahighway. The city is also a gateway to Lumbini and India.The district in general is intersected by two major highwaysnamely East-West highway and Siddhartha highway southnorth.The capital Kathmandu is 290 km away from surfacetransport. The district has well-established two municipalitiesclose and connected with Pokhara and Kathmandu. Totallength of road existing within the district is about 270 kmincluding national highway, feeder roads, urban roads anddistrict roads. It is noted that the population served by onekilometer of road in this district is 1956. Likewise, in each 5square kilometer area there is a kilometer of motorable road.From these remarks, the road transport is good but theforeigners and Indians visiting Bhairahawa intend to returnKathmandu by air. In relation to time value of people travelingthrough road to Kathmandu, the air-transport seems to becheaper and better for sick, old, business people and officials.Similarly for foreigners, businessmen, high officials andpoliticians who cannot afford time traveling by road use airtransport.Gautam Buddha Airport lies in Siddartha Nagar Municipalityof Rupandehi District in Lumbini Zone of Western DevelopmentRegion of Nepal. It is situated only 4 km away from theRupandehi district headquarters, is only 22 km east of Lumbini,the birthplace of Lord Buddha and at about 22 km south ofButwal which is an important commercial centre of the nation.This airport is considered as a major airport well supportedby the influx of domestic as well as foreign tourists. It servesthe role of gateway for air passengers coming and goingfrom Lumbini. Lord Gautam Buddha was born in 483 BC atLumbini, Nepal, attained enlightenment at Bodhgaya,preached his first sermon at Sarnath and realized Nirvanaat Kusinagar. Therefore, these four places- are regarded asthe most auspicious pilgrim destinations (Chardham) inBuddhism. Buddhism is one of the major religious andCAAN Souvenir 2010philosophical traditions in the world. Buddhism initially spreadall over India and Northward through the Great Himalayasinto China, Tibet, Korea and Japan. Southward, it reachedSri Lanka, Thailand, Myanmar (Burma), Cambodia, andVietnam. During the 1900's, it even spread to Europe, UnitedStates of America and Australia and the number of Buddhistsin the world are estimated over 300 million. Number offoreigners coming to visit this holy place is continuouslygrowing. Tourists, especially from Japan, Thailand, Korea,China, Myanmar, Vietnam, Sri Lanka, Singapore, Malaysia,Taiwan, European countries and USA use this airport to visitLumbini. Besides, this airport serves as the entry point for theforeigners and Indians coming to Kathmandu via surfaceroute through Sunauli, the border town, which is 5 km fromthe airport. Places related with Gautam Buddha like Kapilbastu,Kudan, Devdaha and Ramgram are also very close to thisairport. Population is rapidly growing in the district due tothe availability of infrastructures for development. Otherfamous tourist places of Nepal such as Pokhara, Jomsom,Bharatpur, Gorkha etc. are also within 15 to 30 minutes airdistance from this airport. In the past, it linked Pokhara, Dang,Rolpa, Banglung, Bharatpur and Kathmandu by air. Theairport link road is bituminous with two lanes and is connectedto the Indian border on one side and Lumbini on the other.Present Description:This airport lies at the latitude and longitude of 27º30'20"N and 084º24'30"E.The existing runway orientation is ineast-west direction headings 10/28, favorable to the directionof wind flow in this area. The area is flat land with an elevationof 105 m only from the sea level. The airport is currentlyclassified as a Category B airport with 1500m length ofbitumen runway. It is equipped with passenger terminalbuilding, all tower facilities, and navigational equipment suchas NDB, localizer, VOR/DME and PAPIs to runways. Thisairport is in operation since the date of first service on 4thJuly, 1958. A significant growth in domestic traffic (as highas 80%) is the proof of the important role of civil aviationwhich has indicated that the Short and Long term programmesare very much essential for the appropriate development ofCivil aviation sector in Nepal. Therefore, it is very vital toaddress the urgent need of upgrading the identified existingairports to cope with the current demand. Lumbini is a beautifulplace that can attract the Buddhist tourist easily and is potentialtourist destination thus making it one of the main sources offoreign currency income in Nepal. This is the one airportwhich has been identified long before to upgrade it to theinternational level.In existing Gautam Buddha Airport, the highest category thathas been operated so far is F100 aircraft, but higher thanF100 category aircraft could not be operated due to limitationof its runway strength and length. This airport is located nearLumbini, the birth place of Lord Buddha which is the Religiousholistic place for all Buddhists around the world. The denselypopulated country India lies very near from the existingGautam Buddha Airport. So, Indian tourists (both religiousand visiting) will be benefited from this Airport if the airportis upgraded to be used by regional carriers for the direct airlink to those Indian cities where most of the Buddhists are12 th Anniversary Publication
Page 1 and 2: 12 th AnniversaryCivil Aviation Aut
Page 3 and 4: It gives me immense pleasure to kno
Page 5 and 6: Personally and on behalf of the Min
Page 7 and 8: CommitmentOn the verge of Nepal Tou
Page 9 and 10: C A A N S O U V E N I R 2 0 1 0 T W
Page 11 and 12: 2and commissioning has been complet
Page 13 and 14: CAAN Souvenir 20104Trans Himalaya R
Page 16 and 17: CAAN Souvenir 2010Issue of excessiv
Page 23 and 24: 14BackgroundNepal has for the most
Page 25 and 26: 16intrinsic resilience of the touri
Page 27 and 28: 18profile descents and fewer divers
Page 31 and 32: 22Dare to believe it, but it is a f
Page 33 and 34: 24Civil aviation, by nature of oper
Page 35 and 36: 26Report to the State that institut
Page 37 and 38: CAAN Souvenir 2010Manager an SMS wi
Page 39 and 40: 30Full implementation of SMS varies
Page 41 and 42: 32j) Establishment, withdrawal or r
Page 43 and 44: 34IntroductionEverybody in the avia
Page 45 and 46: 36Changing Characteristics of the A
Page 47 and 48: CAAN Souvenir 2010Passenger Traffic
Page 49 and 50: 40Many low cost airlines in the wor
Page 51 and 52: 42and material losses. Therefore it
Page 53 and 54: CAAN Souvenir 2010improvement to me
Page 55 and 56: 46For the effective use of limited
Page 57 and 58: 48Aviation seems glamorous sector i
Page 59 and 60: The two major air accidents which o
Page 61 and 62: 52ConceptSimply stating, planning i
Page 63 and 64: CAAN Souvenir 2010541940s is the fi
Page 65 and 66: 56of apartment, housing, buildings,
Page 67 and 68: 58Halons (Halogens)1011 CBM (chloro
Page 69 and 70:
CAAN Souvenir 2010-@_ ofq' cfjfudgs
Page 71 and 72:
62cy{tGqnfO{ ;/sf/L lgoGq0f cyjf :j
Page 73 and 74:
CAAN Souvenir 201064gofF xjfO{ gLlt
Page 75:
12 th Anniversary
show all

CAAN Souvenir 2010.FH10 - Civil Aviation Authority of Nepal

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?