Foreign direct investment in Southeast Asia: - Regional Office China

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major determinant of success. This adaptation requires rigorous analysis,accurate and valid knowledge of local conditions, and continuous surveying ofFDI variables – activities that are performed neither regularly nor profoundlyacross much of the Southeast Asian region.20
Theme 3FDI, Boundaries, Hierarchies and MarketsFirst presentation summaryPresenting an analytical framework within which FDI policy instruments canbe designed, Frank Bartels provided the various policy objectives,instruments and implementation processes available to IPAs. Against thebackground of sovereign authorities being able “to shape -- or even distort --the economic environment of the host country, in order to attract and retainhigher levels of value-adding FDI”, the dimensions of FDI policy objectiveswere seen in terms of the growth of factors and variables.These factors and variables may be grouped in terms of: i) investment orbusiness climate benchmarking 1 ; ii) Competitive Industrial Performancecriteria [UNIDO (2002)]; iii) fiscal items (e.g. direct and indirect taxation);and iv) non-fiscal items (e.g. grants). The major challenge confrontingpolicy-makers is that, in a world increasingly influenced by the World TradeOrganisation (WTO) and a rules-based approach to policy matters, plusdiminishing barriers to factor mobility, the range of FDI promotion hasexpanded to include all the factors and variables of: i) FDI determinants andmotivations; ii) structural adjustment 2 ; iii) business operationalenvironment 3 ; iv) enterprise performance 4 ; v) ability to do business ‘withouta hassle’ 5 ; vi) macro-economic competitiveness 6 ; vii) economic freedom 7 ;1 For example, see A. T. Kearney, 2004, FDI Confidence Index, Global Business Policy Council, Volume7; A.T. Kearney, 2004, A.T. Kearney’s 2004 Offshore Location Attractiveness Index: Making OffshoreDecisions, Chicago; Fraser Institute, Economic Freedom of the World: 2004 Annual Report, Vancouver;Heritage Foundation, 2005, 2005 Index of Economic Freedom; IMD, 2003, The World CompetitivenessYearbook 2003, Geneva; Transparency International, Framework Document: Background Paper to theCorruption Perceptions Index, Passau; UNDP, 2003, Human Development Report: MillenniumDevelopment Goals: A compact among nations to end human poverty, New-York; UNIDO, 2002,Industrial Development Report 2002/2003: Competing through Innovation and Learning, Vienna: UNIDO;WEF, 2000, Global Competitiveness Report, Geneva; World Bank, 2005, Doing Business in 2005,Washington D.C.: IBRD/World Bank/OUP.2 Resource assets, infrastructure, operating costs, economic performance, governance, taxation, regulatoryconditions and framework.3 Public services and policy, legal system, corruption, regulatory efficiency, mergers monopolies andcompetition policy, financial services.4 Regulatory capture, influence and lobbying, labour market, rule of law.5 Starting a business, hiring and firing workers, access to credit, enforcing contracts, closing a business.6 Macro-economic conditions, public institutions, technology.21
Page 3: Foreign Direct Investment in Southe
Page 7 and 8: PrefaceThis UNIDO report presents t
Page 9 and 10: PreambleWithin the constantly evolv
Page 11 and 12: IntroductionThe Changing Face of Fo
Page 13 and 14: Theme 1FDI and Multinational Enterp
Page 15 and 16: These include: i) changes in long-t
Page 17 and 18: quality of life in a country can be
Page 19 and 20: consequence, as well as in terms of
Page 21: high-technology cluster development
Page 25 and 26: A second dimension is that incentiv
Page 27 and 28: industrial sector and sub-sector le
Page 29 and 30: industrial base without relying to
Page 31 and 32: socialising public goods and privat
Page 33 and 34: Typically, but not exclusively, Sin
Page 35 and 36: generate tax revenues to fund vario
Page 37 and 38: cumulatively serving to constrain F
Page 39 and 40: Southeast Asia as an integrated mar
Page 41 and 42: Theme 5FDI and Capital in Southeast
Page 43 and 44: Finally, there is also a need for i
Page 45 and 46: components of the integrated global
Page 47 and 48: ConclusionEmerging Policy Direction
Page 49 and 50: In conclusion, Frank Bartels sugges
Page 51 and 52: Taking the above research needs int
Page 53 and 54: Annex 1:Presenters at the EGMName P
Page 55 and 56: TIMOR LESTEMs. Warubon SUKASAMEMr.
Page 57 and 58: 14:00 - 15:30 Theme II: Intra-regio
Page 59 and 60: y Japan ITPOsCommentator: Frank L.
Page 61 and 62: This type of deep information excha
Page 63 and 64: The extent of FDI effects and their
Page 65 and 66: Appendix IV: Opening Statement by U
Page 67 and 68: only of UNIDO but also other UN spe
Page 69 and 70: LIST OF ABBREVIATIONSAFTA - ASEAN F
Page 71 and 72: in mind that host policy for attrac
Page 73 and 74:
forces of competition and co-operat
Page 75 and 76:
2. BACKGROUND ISSUESAn accurate per
Page 77 and 78:
economies. In contrast, Sub-Saharan
Page 79 and 80:
costs, boost quality and accelerate
Page 81 and 82:
Fourthly, in terms of a framework f
Page 83 and 84:
in joint venturing), while retainin
Page 85 and 86:
experiencing the kind of global rel
Page 87 and 88:
other hand, being predominantly nat
Page 89 and 90:
Also, the trade surplus (or deficit
Page 91 and 92:
limited [Freeman and Bartels (2000)
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technology and innovation policy; h
Page 95 and 96:
Credit Information Index NA 0 3 0 6
Page 97 and 98:
Appendix II - Investment climate in
Page 99 and 100:
REFERENCESAlmor T., Hirsch S., 1995
Page 101 and 102:
Freeman N. J., Bartels F. L., Eds.,
Page 103:
Trigeorgis L., 1996, Real Option: M
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