US Army Military Intelligence History: A Sourcebook - Fort Huachuca ...

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U.S. Army Intelligence History: A Sourcebookhim products that are accurate and complete enough to merit such respect. Without this mutual respect,both the officers and their unit are the losers.________________1. Koch, Oscar W., with Hays, Robert G., G-2: Intelligence for Patton, An Army Times Publishing Company Book, Philadelphia,1971, p. 165.2. Koch, pp. 53-54.3. Fort the G2 organization see Koch, 123-126 and “After Action Report, Third U.S. Army, 1 August 1944—9 May 1945,”vol. II, “G-2” (Part 3), p. 1.4. Koch, p. 123.5. “A Study of Operations of G-2 (Intelligence Branch) in the 12th Army Group,” 1 July 1945, 36.6. Koch, pp. 135-136.7. United States Forces, European Theater, General Board, “The Military Intelligence Service in the European Theater ofOperations,” (Study no.12), 29: “A Study,” p. 18.8. Koch, pp. 76-77.9. The Overseas Targets: War Report of the OSS, vol. 2 Walker and Co., New York, 1976, pp. 217-218; “A Study,” 36.10. United States Forces, European Theater, General Board, “The Utilization of Tactical Air Force Reconnaissance Units...”(Study no. 19), pp. 9-12; Allen, Robert S., Lucky Forward: The History of Patton’s Third U.S. Army, The Vanguard Press,New York, 1947, p. 167; Koch, pp.78-82.11. “Third Army Radio Intelligence History” (SRH-045), pp. 31-34.12. For ULTRA in the Third Army see “Reports by U.S. Army ULTRA Representatives with Army Field Commands” (SRH-023); “Report on Assignment with Third United States Army, 15 August—18 September 1944 (Major Warrack Wallace, USA)”(SRH-108).13. Pogue, Forrest, The Supreme Command, Office of the Chief of Military History, DA, Washington, D.C., 1954, pp. 244-245.14. Pogue, 306; Koch, pp. 78-86.15. Koch, pp. 42-43.16. Koch, pp. 85-87.17. Ayer, Fred, Jr., Before the Colors Fade, Houghton Mifflin Co., Boston, 1964, p. 175.18. Koch, p. 165.214
World War IIJOHN DELLA-GIUSTINA * The Heroic Stand of anIntelligence Platoon: A Symbol of the Combat Ability of MISoldiersOn 16 December 1944, Nazi Germany commenced its last great offensive of World War II against thethin line of U.S. Army defenders in the Ardennes forest. The crucial Battle of the Bulge lasted until 28January 1945, but the majority of the heavy fighting occurred during December and was among the mostferocious of the entire war. This campaign produced many acts of bravery and demonstrated the courageouscharacter of the American fighting spirit.One of the most gallant combat actions was the defense near Lanzerath, Belgium, by the Intelligenceand Reconnaissance (I&R) Platoon of the 394th Infantry Regiment, 99th Infantry Division, on the firstday of the battle. For their exploits the I&R Platoon later became “the most heavily decorated platoon fora single action in World War II.” 1 Their incredible story is a prime example of how tactical intelligenceleaders and soldiers should respond to accomplish any mission required in combat.An I&R Platoon was organic to each infantry regiment during the war. The 25-soldier platoon consistedof two-nine man reconnaissance squads and a seven-man headquarters section that worked in theregimental S-2 section. 2 Their primary mission was:to serve as the special intelligence agency of the regimental commander for the collection of informationunder the supervision of the regimental intelligence officer (S-2).... To accomplish this missionand to provide the regimental commander with vital information of the enemy, the platoon mustoperate patrols, man observation posts, and coordinate the intelligence activities of the regiment. 3In simpler terms they were the “eyes and ears” for the regiment. But on the first day of the Battle of theBulge, the 394th’s I&R Platoon faced the entirely different mission of direct combat.The untested 99th Infantry Division and its three subordinate regiments entered the front line in thequiet Ardennes sector in mid-November 1944. The 394th’s I&R Platoon Leader, 20-year-old 1st Lt. LyleJ. Bouck, Jr., and several of his men were among the first group in the regiment to receive the CombatInfantryman’s Badge for events during one of their initial patrols. 4 Until early December, the RegimentalCommander, Colonel Don Riley, sent the entire 18-man platoon to the vicinity of Lanzerath to observethe area and provide warning of enemy movement on the regiment’s right flank.The position also coincided with the 99th Division’s and V Corps’ right boundary. To the south was the14th Cavalry Group of VIII Corps. The location Lieutenant Bouck chose was in the woodline northwestof the small village of Lanzerath. This was actually south of the Corps boundary, but Bouck was unawareof this. It offered good observation to the highway which ran north through Lanzerath to the main defensivepositions of the regiment and to the east towards the town of Losheim just inside the German border.In the tree line Bouck’s soldiers found well dug foxholes left by another American unit. Over the nextfive days the platoon improved their positions, developed a strong defensive plan, sent out patrols, and rancommunications line to the regimental command post. However, they conducted little coordination witha tank destroyer section from the 14th Cavalry Group which had set up in Lanzerath about two hundredyards to the southeast.The I&R Platoon also gathered many weapons to supplement their authorized Ml rifles, includingBrowning automatic rifles, a .30 caliber light machine gun, and a great amount of ammunition and handgrenades. In addition, the platoon brought their one organic heavy weapon, a .50 caliber Browningmachine gun mounted on one of their seven jeeps. The platoon thus had “a sustained firepower capability”which was essential to their defense on 16 December. 5215
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1U.S. Army Military Intelligence Hi
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RALPH VAN DEMAN * Historical Sketch
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OVERSIGHT AND INVESTIGATIONS SUBCOM
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IndexSymbols101st Airborne Division
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Badham, William 144Baghdad baby mil
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Canan, Howard V. 28Canzona, Nichola
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Deutsch, Harold C. 166, 178, 179, 1
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Furlong, John 74, 75, 76Futrell, Fr
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Hoai Nhon district 239Hobar, Basil
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Katz, Friedrich 89Keegan, John 166K
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Mahon, John K. 14, 57Major Army Com
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Morgan, Charles 20Morgan, Frederick
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Photo interpreter teams, training i
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Sandburg, Carl 29Sargent, Frank B.
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Stuart, Meriwether 44, 45Sudley Spr
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WWaberski, Pablo [see Witzke] 84, 1
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