MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS for the Guidance of Surveyors

PROVINCE OF SASKATCHEWANMANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONSfor the Guidance of SurveyorsUnder Authority of The Land Surveys ActPrepared by SaskGeomatics DivisionApril 1999

PrefaceThis edition of the Manual of Instructions has been produced to replace theprevious edition and includes the following changes:• General simplification and standardization of field survey procedures and planpreparation.• Provisions to accommodate new technology.• New Maintenance Survey category replacing the current Reference Surveys.The goal of this manual is to provide practical and efficient methods for conductingLegal Surveys that satisfy the needs of all stakeholders and continues to contribute tothe preservation of the Province’s Legal Survey System.In some cases adherence to the provisions in the manual may be impractical orimpossible because of field conditions or other statutory requirements. The onus is onthe Land Surveyor to consult with the SaskGeomatics Division (SGD) in such cases.The Manual is Divided into the following PartsPart I General Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 1Part II Road Right of Way Surveys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 7Part III Northern Road Right of Way Surveys . . . . . . Page 18Part IV Public Improvement Surveys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 21Part V Road Maintenance Surveys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 22Part VI Plans of Survey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 27

PART IGeneral RequirementsThese general requirements are to be used in conjunction with all surveys setout in the manual.1. (1) A monument in this manual shall consist of a standard iron post asdefined in the regulations under The Land Surveys Act.Monuments(2) In all cases monuments shall be buried a minimum of 0.15 metresbelow ground level unless field conditions dictate otherwise.(3) Where a monument cannot be established due to a natural or manmadefeature or the position is hazardous, the position shall be referenced bya monument at a suitable distance and the said distance shown on theplan of survey.2. (1) A reference monument in this manual shall consist of a standard ironpost as defined in the regulations under The Land Surveys Act.ReferenceMonuments(2) Reference monuments shall be marked “RM”.(3) The reference distance shall be established at 20 metres and shall beincreased or decreased only if field conditions dictate otherwise.(4) (a) The reference monument shall govern the position of the primarymonument or road right of way monument, except in the casewhere the original monument is found, in which case the originalmonument shall govern.(b) Should any discrepancies arise from Sub-section 2. (4)(a) of thisPart, the error shall be noted, the reference monument correctedand a full report and an Affidavit of Surveyor submitted to theDirector of Legal Surveys, SGD.(5) At the discretion of the Surveyor, additional reference monuments maybe established opposite secondary monuments at a distance of 20metres in perpendicular distance from the limit of the line beingreferenced.1

(2) Independent measurements shall be made between survey monumentsand control monuments in order to prove each measurement is withinthe allowable limits (1:10,000).DistAngleAngleA closure shallbe obtained withcontrol monumentDist.Dist.C.S.M.(3) In exceptional circumstances a request may be made to the Director ofLegal Surveys, SGD, to dispense with the required tie.(4) All control survey monuments, lost or found, shall be formally reportedto the Director of Geodetic Surveys, SGD, with the current condition,date of inspection, reporter’s name, address and phone number on anofficial SGD Station Inspection Form.5. (1) All Road Right of Way and Maintenance Type 1 Surveys shall be doneprior to or after road construction, depending on the individual projectcircumstances.OptionsforSurveys(2) After construction surveys should be done whenever it is deemed thatan adequate amount of survey information and monumentation existingprior to road construction will still be available for use to conduct thesurvey entirely after construction.(3) All Maintenance Type 2 Surveys shall be done after road construction.3

SurveyConnection6. Sufficient measurements shall be derived and shown to connect all found orre-established monuments to the survey.Curves7. (1) When re-surveying replacement curves for constructed spiral curveswhich were based on prescribed tables (Arc definition), the curves shall beresurveyed as compound curves showing complete curve information for eachcurve and a total delta and total sub-tangent.=ST=R R==ST ==R = ST=R R=T =T.S.T =(2) When intersecting an existing curve or when it is necessary to reestablishone end of a curve, a minimum of two curve monuments andone tangent shall be found or re-established to verify the existing curveinformation.Reg’d PlanNo. ___Angle180 o Dist.Dist.newroadNote:If this monumentfits existing curveinformation thenthis tangent is notrequired to beresurveyedDist.Reg’d PlanNo. ___Dist.Dist.AnglenewroadNote:If this monumentfits existing curveinformation thenthis tangent is notrequired to beresurveyed4

8. When a survey is performed adjacent to a correction line or where there is achange in systems of survey, angular and linear measurements shall besecured at each end of the survey and at least once every mile to connectthe two survey limits. Monuments are not required to be established at thepoints where the section lines are projected to intersect the limit of thesurvey.CorrectionLineMaintenance Type 1 and Road Right of Way combinedDist.Dist.Est. pt.AngleAngleDist.AngleDist.Dist.Est. pt.9. (1) Non-closures within the Surveyor’s own measurements shall notexceed the greater of 1:10,000 or 0.020 metres.Tolerances(2) Non-closures with the Surveyor’s own measurements combined withthe measurements of previous surveys shall not exceed the greater of1:5,000 or 0.020 metres.(3) Where conflicting measurements or non-closures exceeding 1:5,000 areencountered with previous surveys, every effort shall be made toresolve these differences with the Surveyor responsible before reportingto the Director of Legal Surveys, SGD. The report shall include anycorrespondence and commitment from the Surveyor responsible toundertake any necessary fieldwork and/or plan amendments.(4) Where conflicting linear measurements of existing road widenings areencountered over 0.020 metres the Surveyor shall make every effort toresolve the differences as stated in Sub-section 9. (3) of this Part.Where the road widenings agree within the 0.020 metre tolerance, theprevious road widening shall be held to maintain consistency betweenplans.(5) These limits of error will apply to surveys over reasonably level and opencountry. Where certain conditions apply, the Director of Legal Surveys, SGD,may allow a greater limit of error.5

(2) (a) Where a parallel extra width or restriction occurs on themonumented limit of the road right of way, a monument shall beestablished at each change of direction.Extra widthorrestrictions(b) Where a parallel extra width or restriction occurs on the unpostedlimit of the road right of way, at minimum a single monument shallbe established on the monumented limit opposite one end of theextra width or the restriction.NumberingMonumentsCurves2. Monuments shall be numbered consecutively from the point of beginning tothe end of the survey. Each monument shall have the letter “R”, followed bythe number permanently marked thereon and the marking shall face towardthe road. The monuments may be marked in Arabic or Roman Numerals.3. (1) Where simple curves are surveyed, such curves shall be monumented atthe beginning of curve (B.C.) and the end of curve (E.C.). Surveyedlines intersecting such curves shall be monumented at the point ofintersection.(2) Planned or constructed spiral curves shall be surveyed in accordancewith the prescribed tables (Arc definition) in use by SGD and shall bemonumented at the B.C., E.C. and at points of spiral curve (S.C.).Surveyed lines intersecting such curves shall be monumented at thepoint of intersection.=ST =R ==ST =R ==ST =R =T =T.S.T. =(3) When a surveyed road right of way lies adjacent to a railway right ofway, where the title to the right of way was secured according to a planof survey showing spirals thereon, terminal curves as adopted by thedifferent railway companies shall be substituted therefore and shown onthe plan of survey.8

(4) Where a curve is surveyed at the intersection of road allowances orpreviously surveyed road right of ways and is not a portion of a longercontinuous surveyed right of way, such curve shall be monumented onthe boundaries of the land affected at the B.C. and the E.C.ExistingsurveysNew Survey4. Where it is impossible or impracticable to establish a monument on thenew road right of way limit opposite a section or quarter section corner dueto a slough or marsh or other such obstruction, a monument shall beestablished on the new right of way limit on either side of the obstructionand a connection shown to the section or quarter section line. Thereference monument may be omitted.Quarter LineDist.90 o ObstructionsSlough9

UnpostedLimit5. (1) Where the unposted limit of a road right of way passes through apreviously surveyed subdivision, parcel, or railway station grounds, thelimit shall be monumented in accordance with Sub-section 1. (1) of thisPart, and the monuments need not be numbered. Adequate connectionsshall be shown to connect the information to the survey.AngleDist.(2) Where the unposted limit of a road right of way passes through apreviously surveyed road right of way where the surveyed line is notcoincident with the section/quarter line, the intersection of theproduction of the surveyed line and the monumented limit shall bemonumented.Post intersectionwith East/West roadon monumentedlimit of new roadSection lineor¼ lineIntersection not required whensurvey line and section/quarterline are coincident.10

(3) Where the unposted limit of a road right of way is not parallel to themonumented limit, it shall be considered as a separate surveyed lineand sufficient monuments shall be established on this line to clearlydefine the right of way limit by distance, angle and width with respectto the survey line.6. (1) In the case of subdivision lots an adequate number of intersections shallbe monumented with a sufficient number of measurements shown inorder that the location of the area of the road right of way may beaccurately determined in relation thereto. Where block boundarieshave been monumented, the monumenting of lot boundaries shall beomitted. Where it is the opinion of the surveyor that lot boundariesmay require monumentation, the Director of Legal Surveys, SGD, shallbe contacted for direction.SubdivisionLEROY(2) Where the new road right of way intersects a previously surveyedreservoir or drainage ditch where the entire perimeter has beenmonumented and a deflection exists on that survey within the new rightof way, both limits of the new road right of way shall be monumentedat the intersections. All other registered plans shall be monumented asstated in Sub-section 1. (1) of this Part.ReservoirPipeline11

(3) Except as stated in Sub-sections 5. (1), (3) and 6. (1), (2) of this Part,only one limit of a road right of way shall be monumented, unlessseparate instructions to the contrary are issued, and in all cases where anew right of way follows a correction line or where there is a change ofsystems of surveys, both limits are to be considered separate surveylines and shall be monumented and numbered separately as in Section 2.of this Part.ReferenceMonuments7. (1) A reference monument shall be established on all section lines andquarter section lines at a distance of 20 metres from the limit of the newroad right of way.(a) In situations involving previously surveyed quarter section lines, areference monument shall be established on the quarter section line ata distance of 20 metres from the limit of the new road right of way.(b) In situations involving unsurveyed quarter section lines , areference monument shall be established at a distance of 20 metresfrom the limit of the new road right of way at 90° from thesurveyed line. If a deflection exists at the quarter, the plan ofsurvey shall clearly indicate which line the right angle is from.(2) In situations involving surveys as outlined in Sections 11. and 13. ofthis Part, the reference monument shall be established at 20 metresfrom the unposted limit of the road right of way.(3) Where special circumstances exist, reference monuments may beestablished on limits other than those prescribed in Sub-section 7. (1)and (2) of this Part. In these situations the Surveyor shall contact theDirector of Legal Surveys, SGD, for direction or authorization toproceed.PrimaryMonumentsBlindLine8. All section corner and quarter section corner monuments affected by thenew road right of way shall be found or their positions re-established.Monuments do not have to be re-established at these positions. Aminimum of two monuments, one reference and one road monument isrequired.9. Where the road right of way intersects the boundary of a section wherethere is no road allowance (Blind line), the said boundary is to bemeasured. When a monument is established at the quarter section cornerthen the monument shall be established in accordance with The LandSurveys Act and the said monument shall be marked ¼.12

10. Where a road right of way is surveyed adjacent to the boundary of a sectionwhere there is no road allowance, and the north or south boundary of theroad right of way is coincident with the section line, a monument shall beestablished at the quarter section corner in accordance with the provisionsof The Land Surveys Act and said monument shall be marked ¼. It ispreferable that the measurements be taken across the surveyed right of way.Blind LineAngle90 oAngle90 o 90 o 90 oAngleAngleBlind Line11. (1) Where a road right of way is surveyed adjacent to a road allowance andthe unsurveyed limit crosses a previously surveyed quarter section line,the surveyed quarter line is not required to be intersected. This alsoapplies when the unsurveyed limit crosses a section line.QuarterLines(2) (a) Where a road right of way is surveyed adjacent to a road allowanceand begins or terminates at, or crosses a quarter section line thathas not been previously surveyed, a monument shall be establishedon the surveyed limit at 90 degrees to the quarter sectionmonument.90 o 90° 90 o 90°Angle(b) Where a new road right of way is surveyed superseding an existingroad right of way and begins or terminates at a quarter section line,a monument shall be established on the surveyed limit at theintersection of the new road right of way limit and a line from thequarter section corner through the old road right of waymonument.AnglefrompreviousplanAngle180 o Angleest. pt.13

(c) In situations where the surveyed limit is not parallel to the roadallowance and where quarter section lines are significantly offtheoretic bearings, to an amount that the monument established at90 degrees from surveyed limit is significantly off the theoreticalquarter line, the monument shall be established at an angle otherthan 90 degrees, so that the monument will be established within0.3 metres of the theoretical quarter line.90 o When this distance isgreater than 0.300m, adjustthe angle to move themonument closer to thetheoretic quarter line.12. Where a road right of way is surveyed adjacent a quarter section line andone of the limits of the right of way is coincident with the quarter line, twomonuments shall also be established on the said right of way limitapproximately equidistant from each other and from the section boundaries.The two monuments in the interior may be omitted if the other quarter linehas been previously surveyed. It is preferable that the measurements betaken across the surveyed right of way.Quarter LineAngleAngleSurveyedQuarter LineAngleAnglAngleAngleQuarter LineQuarter Line14

13. (1) Where a road right of way is surveyed through a section and thesurveyed limit does not fall on a section or quarter section line, or thesection or quarter section line does not fall within the right of way, twomonuments shall be established in the interior of the section, thesemonuments being approximately equidistant from each other and fromthe section boundaries. One or both monuments may be omittedprovided that the maximum distance between road monuments does notexceed 800 metres or the length or breadth of a quarter section.Intermediate posts may be omitted when the quarter section lines areintersected and monumented.CrossCountryRoads(2) Where the road right of way crosses or is so close to the centre of asection, or to one of the quarter section lines, so as to cause any doubtas to the quarter sections affected, the necessary quarter section line orlines are to be surveyed. The intersection of the right of way and thequarter section line or lines shall be monumented and propermeasurements secured. Where both quarter section lines are surveyed,the centre of the section shall be monumented, provided that if thecentre falls in the actual roadway the Surveyor shall omit themonument if in his opinion it may create a hazard.15

WaterBoundaries14. Where the road right of way or public improvement crosses or terminates atany lake, river, stream, etc., the bank shall be defined at the time of thesurvey. The bank is defined in accordance with the regulations prescribedunder The Land Titles Act.(1) Where it is necessary to define the bank at the time of the currentsurvey, measurements are to be secured at each change of direction toadequately define the bank.(2) Where the title is based on the bank, the bank shall be shown accordingto the township plat referred to on the title. A note shall be shown onthe plan stating: “bank was plotted according to township plat dated…….”. Field notes of the traverse are available from the office of theDirector of Legal Surveys, SGD.RoadDiversions15. (1) (a) Where a previously surveyed road right of way is to be retainedand not abandoned, the previous right of way plan shall remainactive and the new right of way shall restrict around the previousright of way.NOTE: Road Diversion not to be abandonedABCReg’d. PlanNo. ______16

(b) If it is necessary to re-survey the entire road right of way for reestablishmentpurposes, then the previous right of way shall be reregisteredon the new right of way plan.NOTE: Road Diversion required for re-establishment purposes.ABIf entire diversion throughquarter is re-surveyed, reregisteron the new plan.(2) Where a previously surveyed road right of way, in a quarter section, isto be entirely abandoned in favour of a new road right of way survey,the previously surveyed road right of way does not have to be retracedunless it is required for re-establishment purposes.NOTE: Road Diversion not required for re-establishment purposes.Road to beabandonedNot to beshown on plan17

PART IIINorthern Road Right of Way SurveysA road right of way situated on Provincial Crown Land that is not subdividedby a sufficient number of surveyed base lines and meridians may bedesignated a Northern Road Right of Way by the Director of Legal Surveys.The provisions of this section shall be complied with on all Northern RoadRight of Ways.Methods and AccuracyTolerancesAzimuthCoordinateValuesMonumentType1. Standard legal survey practice shall apply for the legal survey observations.The maximum allowable error in misclosure shall not exceed one part inten thousand or 100 ppm.2. An azimuth for a selected boundary at the beginning and end of the right ofway shall be obtained on each survey. Azimuths can be established fromavailable control monuments, a previous legal survey, astronomicobservations, Global Positioning Systems (GPS) or other suitable method.3. Coordinate values shall be derived for all legal survey monuments. Thecoordinate values shall be based on the currently adopted datum and geoidmodel, and derived using current methods prescribed by SGD. Copies ofall calculations and computer listings showing all input, adjustmentparameters, residuals and accuracy analysis shall be supplied as part of thesurvey returns. The horizontal coordinate values shall be within 2.0 metreerror ellipse at a 95% confidence level relative to the existing controlmonuments and proved by distortion analysis between coordinatesproduced from a constrained and an unconstrained adjustment. Themaximum allowable distortion error shall not exceed 100 ppm.4. All new control survey points shall be permanently marked on the ground.Wherever suitable, existing legal or control survey points should be used aspoints for the survey. New control points may be either:(1) An 8-foot helix pipe with brass cap.(2) A brass survey Tablet Marker to be located in bedrock, or a stableconcrete structure. (Type 1 of EMR 1978 specs).(3) A 4 foot, 5/8” diameter re-bar with SGD plastic cap.(4) Standard iron post.18

(5) Standard iron post cut down to 15 centimetres in length and set 8centimetres into rock or brass caps cemented into bedrock.5. Each new control survey monument that is coordinated shall be identifiedin all documentation relating to the survey, including all field notes, by itsunique number. The unique number for a monument shall be a numberfrom the series allocated by the Director of Geodetic Surveys, SGD, exceptwhere the point already has an official number or identifier.6. Station descriptions shall be prepared for any new stations on official SGDapproved forms with any attachments on 8 ½ x 11” paper. The descriptionshall be complete and include: unique numbers, land location, monumenttype, measurements to topographical features, or reference points. Digitaldata may be submitted in a format acceptable to the Director of LegalSurveys.7. All control survey monuments, lost or found, shall be formally reported tothe Director of Geodetic Surveys, SGD, with the current condition, date ofinspection, reporter’s name, address and phone number on an official SGDStation Inspection Form.MonumentNumberStationDescriptionMonumentConditionConnections:8. Every survey shall be connected to the Geodetic Survey System. Aminimum of two (2) existing control stations shall be included in thenetwork to provide sufficient reliability in the solution.9. A minimum of two (2) legal survey monuments shall be included and wellconfigured into the survey control network to allow accurate and reliablegeodetic coordinates to be calculated for all points connected.10. If connecting existing legal or control monuments to a new survey involvessignificant amounts of additional work, the Controller of Surveys shall becontacted to assess the necessity of the connection.GeodeticConnectionsConnectionsto LegalSpecialCircumstancesMeasurements:11. Measurements can be derived by using conventional survey procedures andequipment (measuring tapes, EDM, theodolites) capable of achieving theaccuracy specified in these instructions.ConventionalProcedures19

GPSMeasurements12. Measurements can be derived by GPS. The survey shall be performedusing proven GPS Techniques with sufficient independent checkmeasurements to eliminate the possibility of gross error in anymeasurement. The control network configuration and survey practicesshall meet the currently adopted guidelines and specifications for GPSSurveys.13. All measured lengths shall be reduced to horizontal at general ground leveland expressed in metres and decimals thereof on the plan of survey.Legal SurveysProceduresCurvesMonuments14. Legal Surveys on Northern Road Right of Ways shall be performed inaccordance with the provisions of PART II of this manual except as notedhereafter.15. Simple curves shall be used except where, in the opinion of the Surveyor,compound curves are required to properly retrace construction curves.Constructed highway spirals shall be surveyed as outlined in PART II, Subsection3. (2).16. (1) Legal survey monuments shall be established at the commencement andend of the survey, beginning and end of curves, deflection points, andadjacent to survey control. The maximum distance betweenmonuments shall not exceed 1000 metres.(2) Where it is impossible or impracticable to establish a monument on anew road right of way limit, the monument shall be established on theright of way limit on either side of the obstruction or at 90 degrees fromthe survey line opposite the point.MonumentExceptionsTopographicalFeaturesGeodeticTolerances17. Monuments cut down to 15 centimetres in length and set 8 centimetres intorock or brass caps cemented into bedrock may be substituted at positionsthat fall in rock.18. Sufficient measurements shall be taken to define the position of all majortopographical features adjacent to the road right of way, i.e., river banks,lake shore, centre thread of named streams. Additional information of thisnature may be added by scaling from aerial photos when available.19. A mathematical closure shall be obtained between the legal surveymeasurements and the Geodetic coordinates obtained at the beginning andend of the survey. The calculations shall include appropriate correctionssuch as distance reduction to ellipsoid or UTM scale factor. The maximumallowable limit of non-closure shall not exceed one part in ten thousand.20

PART IVPublic Improvement SurveysPublic improvements are lands acquired for any public service pursuant to TheHighways and Transportation Act.1. Public Improvements shall be marked on the ground by establishingmonuments at every change in direction, at the intersection of a sectionline, previously surveyed line, and the intersection with the monumentedlimits of a previously registered survey.2. Where a limit of a public improvement intersects a curve, the beginningand end of curve shall be defined as stated in Part I, Sub-section 7. (2) toestablish the curve intersection.3. The monuments marking the limits of a Public Improvement shall not benumbered.4. Where it is impossible or impracticable to establish a monument on thePublic Improvement limit due to a slough, marsh or other obstruction, amonument shall be established referencing the obstructed corner on eitherlimit and measurements shown to the referenced monument.MonumentsCurveIntersectionMonumentNumberingObstructionssloughDist.21

PART VRoad Maintenance SurveysMaintenance surveys are performed where roads are re-constructed withinexisting right of ways or where new road widenings are secured by easement.The surveys are designed to protect and maintain the province’s legal surveysystem and to facilitate efficient surveys in the future.There are two types of Maintenance Surveys:Maintenance Type 1 Survey:Type 1 surveys, which replaces “Reference Surveys”, establishes referencemonuments to reference and protect from road construction the position ofsection corners, quarter section corners, and road monuments opposite sectionand quarter section corners.Maintenance Type 2 Survey:Type 2 surveys are basically retracement surveys that are done afterconstruction and include the re-establishment of all monuments shown onprevious surveys affecting the road limit. Type 2 maintenance surveys canonly be done when there is adequate survey information existing prior toconstruction that can still be used after construction to easily re-establish thelost or damaged monuments.Maintenance Type 1 SurveySufficient measurements shall be derived and shown to connect all found orre-established monuments to the survey.Maintenance Surveys on Road AllowanceMonumentsReferenceMonuments1. Where the original road allowance has not been widened by the registrationof a road right of way plan, it shall be required that all section, quartersection and secondary monuments on the section line being referenced befound or re-established.2. All section and quarter section corner monuments affected by the road rightof way shall be referenced by a monument at a distance of 20 metres fromthe section line being referenced.22

3. Reference monuments established opposite a section corner shall beestablished on the section line.4. Reference monuments established opposite a quarter section corner shall beestablished at 90 degrees from the section line being referenced unless thequarter section line has been previously surveyed, then a referencemonument shall be established on the quarter section line.Previouslyrun quarterangleUnsurveyedquarter line90 oDist.20 20mangleangle5. Where field conditions are inadequate or where there is insufficientmonumentation, reference monuments may be established on the oppositeside of the section or quarter section line being referenced. In these casesin the Third System of Survey the offset distance shall be 40.117 metresand in the First and Second Systems of Survey the offset distance shall be50.175 metres from the section line being referenced.40.117AlternateDirection180 oRiver23

CorrectionLinesRange Lines6. Correction Lines shall be referenced both north and south and Range Lineswhere there is a change in the systems of surveys shall be referenced botheast and west of the section lines affected, in the manner prescribed above.A connection shall be made between both lines as stated in PART I,Section 8.Maintenance Surveys on existing Right of Way PlansAll right of way plans not previously monumented with referencemonuments shall be surveyed as Maintenance Type 1 Surveys as outlinedhereafter. These instructions cover previous road surveys that weremonumented with intermediate monuments, had monuments established at90 degrees to the section and quarter section corners and were done underthe previous manual with no reference monuments established.PrimaryMonumentsSecondaryMonuments7. All section and quarter section corner monuments affected by theMaintenance survey shall be found or their position re-established.Monuments do not have to be re-established at these positions. Aminimum of two monuments, one reference and one road monument isrequired at each corner.8. (1) All right of way monuments shall be found or re-established on allsection lines and at 90 degrees from the right of way line opposite aquarter section corner. Where the quarter section line has beenpreviously surveyed, the right of way monument shall be established onthe quarter section line.(2) In situations involving intermediate monuments, any monument that isfound shall be connected to the survey. If an intermediate monument islost, it is not required to be re-established unless it is intended to mark adeflection point.(3) All secondary monuments marking the intersection of any subsequentsurveys crossing the road right of way shall be found or re-establishedand connected to the survey.24

AlternateDirection(2) Where special circumstances exist, reference monuments may beestablished on limits other than prescribed in Sub-section 12. (1) ofthis Part. In these situations the Surveyor shall contact the Directorof Legal Surveys, SGD, for direction or authorization to proceed.Maintenance Type 2 SurveyThese surveys are basically retracement surveys that can only be done afterconstruction when there is adequate survey information existing prior toconstruction that will still be available after construction to easily re-establishthe lost or damaged monuments.Monuments12. (1) All monuments on the property limit and their reference monumentsshall be found, re-established or restored.(2) Intermediate road monuments established on the road limit betweensection corners do not have to be re-established unless the monumentis intended to mark a deflection point on the road limit.(3) All secondary monuments on the road right of way limit shall be foundor re-established and connected to the survey.MeasurementsSpecialCircumstances13. Measured roadlines and tie lines shown on existing plans do not have to bere-measured unless the measurements are required for re-establishmentpurposes or there are uncertainties in the accuracies of the measurements orsurvey procedures. e.g. Measurements prior to electronic distancemeasurements (EDM).14. Where special or peculiar circumstances exist during the performance of asurvey or preparation of a plan, the Surveyor shall contact the Director ofLegal Surveys, SGD, for direction or authorization to proceed in anothermanner.26

PART VIPlans of SurveyGeneralUnless otherwise specified the following requirements shall apply to all plansof survey made under this manual:1. (1) Headings for plans shall read “Plan of Survey showing .......... NewRoad ......... Public Improvement .....” as the case may be, in Township..... Range ..... West ..... Meridian, Surveyor, date and scale.Headings(2) Headings for Maintenance Survey plans shall read “MaintenanceSurvey” in Township ….. Range ….. West …..Meridian.(3) Adjoining maintenance and right of way surveys shall be shown on asingle plan rather than two separate plans. The heading on the planshall read “Plan of Survey showing New Road”.2. (1) All survey information on the plan shall be shown in a minimum of 80CL (2mm) template size.Lettering(2) To facilitate reproduction at a smaller scale, the minimum lettering sizeshall be as follows:Templatesize MetricHeading 240 CL 6mmSub-heading 175 CL 4.5mmSurvey Information 80 CL 2mmSection Numbers 240 CL 6mmSurveyor’s Certificate 80 CL 2mmArea 175 CL 4.5mm3. Widths of standard road allowances shall be omitted on plans and a notemade under the plan heading in lieu thereof, e.g. - Standard roadallowances on this plan are 20.117 (or 30.175) metres in width.4. All distance measurements shall be shown in metres and three decimalsthereof, and a note made under the plan heading to that effect.5. (1) All monuments found or evidence thereof shall be shown on the planby a solid black diamond, thus .MonumentSymbols27

(2) All monuments established or re-established excluding referencemonuments shall be shown on the plan by a solid black square, thus .(3) Reference monuments established shall be shown on the plan by a solidblack circle, thus ●.(4) Control survey monuments shall be shown thus and controlreference monuments thus .(5) Monuments shall be drawn at a suitable size so as not to be obliteratedby plan lines, road lines or registration lines.Abbreviations6. In preparing a plan of survey, the following abbreviations shall apply:Appr. ...........ApproachAz. ..............AzimuthB.T. ..............Bearing TreeBdy. ............BoundaryC.S.M. ..........Control Survey MonumentCal. .............CalculatedConc. ...........ConcreteCop. ............Copiedc.s. ...............CountersunkCor. .............CornerCult. ............CultivationDed. ............DeducedEvid. ...........EvidenceF. .................FoundFrac. ............Fractionalha .................HectareI.P. ..............Iron PostI.R. ..............Indian ReserveL.S. .............Legal SubdivisionMkd. ...........MarkedM. ...............MoundMer. .............. MeridianMon. ............. MonumentMr. ............... Marker PostObl. .............. ObliteratedP. .................. Standard PostPit ................. 4 PitsPl. ................. PlantedPr. ................. PrincipalR. .................. RangeR ................... Radius or Road MonumentR/W .............. Right of WayRe-est. .......... Re-establishedRes. .............. RestoredRM ............... Reference MonumentSec. .............. SectionSt. .................. StoneT. .................. TrenchTp. ................ TownshipW.P. ............. Wooden PostWit. .............. WitnessMonumentDescription7. (1) Complete information shall be shown on the plan as to the type,condition, markings, including the year on posts, and position of allmonuments found on the ground, and by which the boundaries of theland were determined. When measurements are required, showing theposition of the monuments, and when such monuments lie outside thequarter from which area shall be taken for the right of way or publicimprovement, the lines may be shown broken.(2) Sufficient information shall be shown, along with the monumentnotation, to clearly define the manner in which each monument hasbeen re-established.28

(3) Where informal referencing is used, the monument notation on the planshall show the date of reference and date of re-establishmente.g.ORF.Pits – June 1, 1998 F.Pits – June 1, 1998PI.I.P.Mr. – Sept. 1, 1998Destroyed by construction(4) Where monuments have been destroyed by a Surveyor, a note to thateffect shall be made on the plan.8. (1) Angles shall be shown at the intersection of all lines of surveys, and atdeflection points and intermediate monuments.Angles(2) All angular measurements shall be shown in degrees, minutes, andseconds.9. (1) To link plan and detail together road monuments and angles shall beshown on the main plan if sufficient space exists.Details(2) All details shall be drawn outside of the quarter affected by the newright of way.(3) Details shall be numbered or lettered in a consecutive manner andshown adjacent to the affected quarter.10. Railway right of way limits shall be shown by a fine solid line with thecentre line being shown by a heavier solid line or .11. Retracement of existing replacement curves based on prescribed tables(Arc definition) shall show three simple curves, and shall include the TotalSub-Tangent (T.S.T.) and Total Delta (T ).RailwaysCurves=ST =R ==ST =R ==ST =R =T =T.S.T.=12. (1) All plans submitted shall be clear in detail, complete as to informationand shall scale accurately. Plans that reproduce illegible or in a faintmanner will be returned to be redrawn or replotted.SurveyPlan(2) Plans in freehand drafting will not be accepted without prior approvalof the Director of Legal Surveys, SGD.29

PlanSubmission13. Initial submission of plans for examination may be in one of the followingformats:(1) reproducible vellum,(2) 3 mil matte two sides drafting mylar,(3) three blueprints or three paper prints.14. Final plan submission for examination shall be on 3 mil matte two sidesdrafting mylar, signed in black permanent ink and sealed by the Surveyor.PlanCertification15. The plan shall be certified using Form B of The Land Surveys Act.Road Right of Way Survey and Public Improvement Plans:Plan Size16. (1) Plans shall not be greater than 841mm in width. It is preferable thatplans of road right of ways do not exceed one township or range inlength, but in certain instances this may be increased by one section oneither side of the township or range. In order to accommodatecomputer-plotting limits, more than one plan will be allowed perproject.The maximum length of the plan shall not exceed 3 metres.LandRegistrationDistrictsNorthArrowHeadingsScaleSectionInformation(2) Plans of road right of ways shall not affect more than one landregistration district unless the road parallels the land registrationdistricts. If more than one land registration district is affected theyshall be identified.17. (1) The top of the plan shall be north. A north point shall be placed in aconspicuous position and shall clearly indicate the direction north. Allinformation shall be readable from the southeast corner of the plan.(2) Headings shall be placed at the north end of a north-south road and atthe east end of an east-west road.18. The plan scale shall be 1:5,000, 1:2,000 or 1:1,000 depending on the detailto be shown. Scale 1:2,000 is recommended for portions of a road surveypassing through subdivisions.19. (1) The plan shall show complete quarter sections on either side of the newroad right of way.(2) The plan shall show all surveys in the quarter sections affected by thenew road right of way. The names of all railways, townsites, creeks,rivers or lakes shall be shown, together with registered plan numbers of30

previously surveyed road right of ways, Certificates of Title (metes andbounds descriptions) (CofTs) and all other plans.(3) In cases of extensive subdivision, only those portions lying within 200metres of the new road right of way or tie lines have to be shown.20. (1) The sections affected by the new road right of way shall be indicatedand completely described in each case, that is, the particular section,township, range and meridian shall be shown.(2) Minimum letter size for this designation shall be 140 CL Template(3.5mm). The section number should be 240 CL Template (6mm).eg.⏐⎯ 23 ⎯26-14-2⏐21. Wherever a new road right of way cuts a township or range line the numberof both townships or ranges shall be shown on each side of the roadallowances, in a minimum template size of 175 CL (4.5mm).22. When it is desirable to break a survey on the plan, it shall be done at thesection line, or quarter section line only. In certain cases the break mayoccur at the boundary of a parcel of land shown on a registered plan. Thisshall be done in such a manner that all areas for one quarter section areshown in one place and that quarter section is drawn entirely at scale.23. (1) The surveyed line of the new road right of way shall be shown heavierthan the opposite side.(2) Monuments on the new road right of way shall be shown on the plan bysolid black squares, thus and a description of the monument RXXMr. or R20 Cult., etc., as marked on the monument.24. (1) The width of the new road right of way and the width of any otherroads, streets, lanes and pipelines, etc. other than road allowances, inthe vicinity shall be shown at suitable points, preferably near theintersection of section boundaries.Township &RangePlanBreaksSurveyLineRoadMonumentsWidths(2) The total width of a new road right of way shall be shown at least onceper section.In-lining25. The portion to be registered, including details, will be inlined in redafter approval for registration. Information is not to be placed withinthe portion to be registered so as to conflict with the red border.31

Curves26. (1) Curve intersection measurements to survey lines shall include:(a) distance from B.C. and/or E.C. to intersection on sub-tangent orchord.(b) angle with sub-tangent or chord at intersection.(c) distance from intersection on sub-tangent or chord to intersectionon curve.(2) Curve information shall be shown as follows:(a) Simple curves. . . . Deflection angle between tangents (Delta)S.T . . . . Sub-tangentR . . . . Radius=ST =R =(b) Replacement of planned or constructed spiral curves shall showthree simple curves as stated in Sub-section 26.(2)(a) of this Partand shall include the total Deflection Angle and total sub-tangent.T . . . . Total Deflection AngleT.S.T. . . . . Total Sub-tangent=ST =R ==ST =R ==ST =R =T =T.S.T.=32

27. (1) Quarter section designations and areas shall be shown in a 175 CL(4.5mm) Template; Block and Lot designation should be as large asspacing permits. e.g. SE 14 - 0.00 haAreas(2) Areas to be secured for road right of way shall be shown in the quartersection affected and shall be shown to the second decimal point forMunicipal Roads and third decimal point for Provincial Highways andPublic Improvements.(3) (a) Where a road right of way in any one quarter section is dividedinto two or more portions by other title boundaries such portionsshall be lettered A, B, C, etc., and the area for each portion shownin hectares. Letters already assigned to parcel designations withinthe quarter section shall not be used for area designations. Arealetter designations shall be different in adjacent quarter sections.eg.ORN.E. 36 - A = 0.00 ha- B = 0.00 ha- C = 0.00 haN.E. 36 - A = 0.00 haReg’d Plan No. 98SC00000Parcel X - B = 0.00 ha(b) Where a road right of way affects blocks with lots in a subdivision,the area designation shall be shown to the third decimalpoint for Municipal Roads and to the fourth decimal point forProvincial Highways.eg. S.E. 36Registered Plan No. 98SC00000Block 12, Lot 1 = 0.000 haLots 2 to 12 incl. = 0.000 ha eachORS.E. 36 - A = 0.00 haRegistered Plan No. 98SC00000Block 12, Lot 1 = 0.000 haLots 2 to 12 incl. = 0.000 ha each28. Plans dealing with northern road right of way surveys:(1) The plan of survey shall show Latitude and Longitude coordinatestaken at beginning and end of survey.NorthernRoadRight of Way33

(2) The calculated or observed azimuth shall be shown on the plan at thebeginning and end of the survey plan.(3) The plan of survey shall show both the legal road right of way andcontrol monuments.(4) The plan of survey shall include a key map shown at a suitable scale sothat the exact location can be determined on maps and aerialphotographs.(5) The plan of survey shall show all named lakes and streams within 200metres of the road right of way.Endorsement29. The Saskatchewan Highways and Transportation endorsement and sealshall be shown on the plan as follows. Sufficient space shall be left for theSGD Plan Approval and the Registrar’s Memorial.Saskatchewan Highways and TransportationSEAL_______________________________ Date _______________________Examined and Approved Pursuant to The Highways Act.Road Maintenance Survey PlansMaintenance Type 1 Survey:30. (1) The plan of survey shall be drawn in standard Township Plan format ofdimensions 381 x 457 mm. A scale is not required, however, sectionsshall be of sufficient size and proportion and Road Allowances shall beexaggerated to present plan information in a clear manner.(2) A larger dimension plan not exceeding 841mm in width, drawn to1:5,000 scale, may be substituted when excessive detail is required.31. Sufficient space shall be left on the plan for the SGD plan approval.34

Maintenance Type 2 Survey:32. (1) The plan of survey shall be drawn on 11” x 17” 3 mil matte two sidesdrafting mylar.(2) A larger dimension plan may be substituted when excessive detail isrequired. Plans may:(a) be in standard township plan format of dimensions 381 x 457mmas per Sub-section 30. (1) of this Part.(b) not exceed 841mm in width.33. Sufficient space shall be left on Road Maintenance Plans for the SGD planapproval.m:\Manual Version 4.doc35