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4.1 Framework densities of zeolite products 814.2 Phase identification of zeolite produced through Method A 864.3 Phase identification of zeolite produced through Method B. 874.4 Results of particle size distribution 914.5 Summarization of IR spectra for synthetic zeolite powders(Method A and B)4.6 The assigned of zeolite lattice vibration (internal tetrahedra)observed for synthesized zeolites. (Method A)4.7 The assigned of zeolite lattice vibration (external linkages)observed for synthesized zeolites (Method A)4.8 The assignment of zeolite lattice vibration (internal tetrahedra)observed for synthesized zeolites (Method B)4.9 The assignment of zeolite lattice vibration (external linkages)observed for synthesized zeolites (Method B)9899991021024.10 The relationship between crystal size and Si/Al Ratio 1074.11 Pore size of zeolite produced with Si/Al ratio of 1 1114.12 Pore size of zeolite produced with Si/Al ratio of 2 1114.13 The results of cation exchange capacity value (CEC) forsynthetic zeolite against ammonium113viii
LIST <strong>OF</strong> FIGURES2.1 Basic structure of zeolite frameworks 102.2 Basic structure of zeolite frameworks 10Page2.3 (a) Distinct gap between zeolite type and dense tetrahedralframework structure.(b) Correlation between pore size of molecular sieves and thediameter (σ) of various molecules.12132.4 Development of zeolite structures 142.5 Three different zeolites 152.6 Zoning patterns of zeolites and feldspars in tuffs of saline,alkaline lakes; and deep sediments2.7 Zoning patterns of zeolites and feldspars in tuffs wherezonation is (a) of open system type; (b) hydrothermal; and (c) aresult of the burial diagenesis18192.8 Hydrothermal zeolite synthesis. 212.9 (a) A schematic illustration in agricultural industry without usingzeolite(b) A schematic illustration in agricultural industry with usingzeolite29302.10 Simplified chart of sol-gel processes 392.11 Fractal polymer made by branching of polyfunctional monomerwith functionality >22.12 Polymerization behaviour of aqueous silica. A = in presence ofsalts / acidic medium, B = alkaline medium2.13 Colloidal particles formed by condensing monomers to formclosed rings2.14 SEM showing Ostwald ripening. The arrowheads indicated thesmaller particles precipitated on the larger particles.2.15 Rate of nucleation as a function of degree of undercooling andhence also of viscosity3941414244ix
Page 1 and 2: SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF Z
Page 3 and 4: Last, but not least to my family es
Page 5 and 6: 2.8.2 Application to Zeolite Synthe
Page 7: LIST OF TABLESPage2.1 Coordination
Page 11 and 12: 4.13 Particle size distribution of
Page 13 and 14: LIST OF ABBREVIATIONNaOHSiO 2NaAlO
Page 17: SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF Z
Page 21 and 22: Synthetic zeolites on the other han
Page 24 and 25: 1.4 Scope of the researchDue to the
Page 26 and 27: CHAPTER 2Literature Review2.1 Intro
Page 28 and 29: variation in the chemical compositi
Page 30 and 31: Framework density (FD)/[T-atoms]/10
Page 32 and 33: Figure 2.4. Development of zeolite
Page 34 and 35: Table 2.2. Physico-chemical propert
Page 36 and 37: This classification is shown in Tab
Page 38 and 39: separation properties are discovere
Page 40 and 41: Table 2.6. Summary of principal pro
Page 42: (a) Odour controlZeolites are used

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