rti for reading difficulties in the primary grades - Children's Learning ...

Determining Adequate andInadequate ResponsivenessApproaches differ across four dimensions.What isMeasuredDomain ofReadingWhat iscomparedThe goalRate of growth, final outcomes, or bothPA, Word reading, fluency,comprehensionAt-risk students’ scores compareddirectly to pre-established benchmarks orto scores of other groups of students(e.g., national norms, classmates)The specific score cut-points orbenchmarks appliedFuchs et al., 2008