BUDDHIST MONASTIC CODE I

Pārājika Chapter 4means of the divine eye, purified and surpassing the human — he sees beingspassing away and re-appearing, and he discerns how they are inferior and superior,beautiful and ugly, fortunate and unfortunate in accordance with their kamma."Knowledge of the ending of mental effluents (āsavakkhaya-ñāṇa): "He discerns, asit has actually come to be, that 'This is stress... This is the origination of stress...This is the cessation of stress... This is the way leading to the cessation of stress...These are (mental) effluents... This is the origination of effluents... This is thecessation of effluents... This is the way leading to the cessation of effluents.' Hisheart, thus knowing, thus seeing, is released from the effluent of sensuality, theeffluent of becoming, the effluent of ignorance. With release, there is the knowledge,'Released.' He discerns that 'Birth is ended, the holy life fulfilled, the task done.There is nothing further for this world.'"The first two of these knowledges, even though they comprised part of theBuddha's Awakening, are mundane, in that people may develop them withoutnecessarily attaining any of the transcendent paths and fruitions. Thus they belongunder the category of mahaggata dhamma, as they are based on the attainment ofjhāna either in this or in a previous life. The third knowledge, however — because itdescribes the arising of the transcendent paths and fruitions — comes under thecategory of lokuttara dhamma, and is the only one of the eight knowledges to do so.DN 2 describes the remaining five knowledges as:Insight knowledge (vipassanā-ñāṇa): "He discerns: 'This body of mine is endowedwith form, composed of the four primary elements, born from mother and father,nourished with rice and porridge, subject to inconstancy, rubbing, pressing,dissolution, and dispersion. And this consciousness of mine is supported here andbound up here.'"Mind-made body (manomayiddhi): "From this body he creates another body,endowed with form, made of the mind, complete in all its parts, not inferior in itsfaculties, just as if a man were to draw a reed from its sheath."Supranormal powers (iddhividhī): "He wields manifold supranormal powers. Havingbeen one he becomes many; having been many he becomes one. He appears. Hevanishes. He goes unimpeded through walls, ramparts, and mountains as if throughspace. He dives in and out of the earth as if it were water. He walks on waterwithout sinking as if it were dry land. Sitting cross-legged he flies through the airlike a winged bird. With his hand he touches and strokes even the sun and moon,so mighty and powerful. He exercises influence with his body even as far as theBrahmā worlds."Clairaudience (dibba-sota): "He hears — by means of the divine ear-property,purified and surpassing the human — both kinds of sounds: divine and human,whether near or far."Mind-reading (cetopariya-ñāṇa): "He knows the awareness of other beings, otherindividuals, having encompassed it with his own awareness. He discerns a mind65