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AcronymsMP MegapixelMVNO Mobile Virtual Network OperatorM2M Machine-to-MachineNBP National Broadband PlanNGO Non-Governmental OrganizationOA Open AccessOER Open Educational ResourcesOTT Over-The-TopPC Personal ComputerPPPs Public-Private PartnershipsQNBP Qatar’s National Broadband PlanRMB Chinese renminbi currencyRoI Return on InvestmentSIM Subscriber Identity ModuleSME Small- and Medium-sized EnterpriseSTEM Science, Technology, Engineering and MathematicsSWSPG Singapore White Space Pilot GroupTTIs Teacher Training InstitutesTV TelevisionTVWS Television White SpacesUAE United Arab EmiratesUAS Universal Access/ServiceUNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural OrganizationUPE Universal Primary EducationUSF Universal Service FundUSO Universal Service ObligationVDSL Very high bit-rate Digital Subscriber LineVLE Malaysia’s Virtual Learning EnvironmentVoIP Voice over Internet ProtocolVSAT Very Small Aperture TerminalWIPO World Intellectual Property OrganizationWTDC World Telecommunication Development Conference3G Third-generation mobile systems4G Fourth-generation mobile systems108