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The ChangingEconomics ofTelecom NetworkDeploymentsThis Chapter has beencontributed byMr. Antonio García Zaballos ofthe Inter-AmericanDevelopment Bank (IADB) andMs. Natalija Gelvanovska ofthe World Bank.Previous chapters have shownhow Governments around theglobe are committed to increasingbroadband penetration. A numberof National Broadband Plans(NBPs) establish targets andprioritize fibre-based accessnetworks as providing for “futureproof”high-speed Internet accessfor the simultaneous provision ofbroadband, video and telephonyservices. However, as telecommarkets move from an era of highgrowth into an era of intensifyingcompetition, market consolidationand maturity (Table 1), governmentsface challenges in convincingmarket players to invest at a time ofchanging business models or lessfavourable economic conditions.According to ITU data, 88% ofthe 134 National BroadbandPlans in mid-2013 referencedthe deployment of nationwideinfrastructure. It is clear that bothgovernments and operators seenetwork deployment as a toppriority in extending the reachof and access to broadbandnetworks and services. A numberof NBPs refer to fibre as amore ‘future-proof’ investmentcapable of handling greater datathroughput and simultaneousservice provision. This hasresulted in some very expensiveestimates for next-generationnetwork deployment for differentcountries and regions (Table 3).Planning the deployments oftelecom networks is also becomingmuch more complex, given fastchangingtechnologies and rapidshifts in consumer demand andexpectations, as well as the changein business models, as revenuesare increasingly displaced fromoperators to content players.Modern telecom networks aremade up of several different layers(Table 4), each with a differentpayback period and time horizon.Passive infrastructure in the fixedaccess network can cost around70-80% of the overall investment,with some estimates putting civilengineering works (such as thedigging up of roads to lay downfibre broadband) at around 80% ofthe cost of deploying high-speedbroadband networks 1 . The picturebecomes even more complexwhen different technologies, andhybrid technologies are added in.72
Chapter 6Table 3: Estimates of Network Investment Needs for Different RegionsRegion/CountryAmount Comments SourceLatinAmerica &CaribbeanUS$ 355millionNext-generation networksAHCIETMENAEUR 20-25billionEstimated for 10 Mbps for100% of population and 30Mbps for 50% of population,using a combination of FTTCand LTE technologies.WorldBankEuropeEuropeEUR180-270 bn€82 billionTo achieve DigitalAgenda targetsUniversal Next-Generation AccessECPointTopicSource: Report of the BroadbandCommission Working Groupon Financing and Investment(forthcoming, September 2014).Table 4: Investing in Different Network Layers% ofnetworkcostsPaybackperiodExamplesPassive infrastructurelayerActive infrastructurelayer70-80% 15 years20-30% 5-7 yearsTrenches, ducts,dark fibre, etc.Electronicequipment,OSS, BSSService layerN/AFewmonth –3 yearsContent,services andapplicationsSource: Alcatel Lucent, quoted in“The State of Broadband 2012:Achieving Digital Inclusionfor All”.73
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A AFFICHER !Un Site, un Mail !http:
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List of Featured InsightsFeatured I
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IntroductionHigh-speed, affordable
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Chapter 1From left to right:Mr. Car
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Chapter 2Back in 2005, the ‘Inter
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Chapter 22.1Defining BroadbandAnaly
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Chapter 22.2Growth in BroadbandUsin
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Chapter 2Seven economies now have m
Page 22 and 23: Chapter 2Table 1: Major Trends in t
Page 24 and 25: Chapter 2The majority of both mobil
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Page 28 and 29: Chapter 2Featured Insight 3:A Call
Page 30 and 31: Chapter 2ENDNOTES1. ITU Facts & Fig
Page 32 and 33: EvaluatingGlobal Growthin Broadband
Page 34 and 35: Chapter 3include Brunei in 2014, Ni
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Page 38 and 39: Chapter 3Box 4: South Africa’s Ne
Page 40 and 41: Chapter 33.3Advocacy Target 3: Conn
Page 42 and 43: Chapter 33.5Advocacy Target 5: Achi
Page 44 and 45: Broadbandfor DrivingSustainableDeve
Page 46 and 47: Chapter 4Table 2: Broadband ICTs an
Page 48 and 49: Chapter 4developed. These apps can
Page 50 and 51: Chapter 4However, the remaining bil
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Page 56 and 57: Broadbandand Educationfor all: Less
Page 58 and 59: Chapter 5This Chapter examines how
Page 60 and 61: Chapter 5Box 7: Malaysia’s Frog V
Page 62 and 63: Chapter 5Box 8: Media and Informati
Page 64 and 65: Chapter 5Box 10: Open YourTomorrow
Page 66 and 67: Chapter 5Box 11: Enhancing TeacherE
Page 68 and 69: Chapter 55.3.6Enhancing the quality
Page 70 and 71: Chapter 5divide - the knowledge div
Page 74 and 75: Chapter 6The costs associated with
Page 76 and 77: Chapter 6Featured Insight 15:Networ
Page 78 and 79: Chapter 6Featured Insight 16:Ration
Page 80 and 81: Chapter 6Table 6: Key Policy Interv
Page 82 and 83: PolicyRecommendationsto Maximizethe
Page 84 and 85: Chapter 7The framework will encoura
Page 86 and 87: Chapter 77.5Enhance Demand for Broa
Page 88 and 89: ConclusionsThis Report has summariz
Page 90 and 91: Annex 1: Target 1 - List of Nationa
Page 96 and 97: Annex 2: Fixed (wired)-Broadband Su
Page 98 and 99: Annex 3: Active Mobile-Broadband Su
Page 100 and 101: Annex 4: Percentage of Households w
Page 102 and 103: Annex 5. Percentage of Individuals
Page 104 and 105: Annex 6: Percentage of Individuals
Page 106 and 107: Annex 7: Percentage of Individuals
Page 108: AcronymsMP MegapixelMVNO Mobile Vir
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