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‘ The nextpublic transportinfrastructureinvestmentsshould be forthe tram tocomplete aloop aroundthe CBD ofAdelaide.’1. TransformationalinfrastructurePossibly the largest non-defence or entitlement expenditure made bygovernment is transportation infrastructure. And historically, we havebuilt that infrastructure in an attempt to meet a perceived need, notto shape how our communities function and serve the needs of theirresidents. In short, transportation infrastructure investments have beenreactive rather than strategic.The result has been a development pattern that requires more andmore single occupancy driving, more and more sprawl, and feweroptions for individuals and families to move around freely. We havegiven people no choice but to be tied to their automobiles. In an effortto make housing more affordable we have expanded into green fields,squandering valuable farm and forest resources, and we have heldout fool’s gold to the new residents – what they saved in reduced landcosts in the final purchase price of a home, they now have to spendmany times over on increased transportation costs.The cost has not been just in terms of family budgets. The cost hasbeen in wasted and inefficiently used land resources, much of whichwould have been far more valuable if used for other purposes, whetherfor high-value employment or farm and forest. We have also donegreat damage to our environment. In a carbon-constrained economywe cannot continue the current pattern of transportation investments.T R A N S F O R M A T I O N A L I N F R A S T R U C T U R EOne thing we know for certain: when we build roads in green fields,sprawl will follow, whether it be strip malls or residences. What wealso know is that, if we make smart and strategic investments intransportation, we can alter how we grow, providing individuals andfamilies with choices on how they want to live. And as more and morepeople choose to live in areas served by easy, safe and convenientpedestrian and bike facilities and public transport, even more peoplewill follow suit. The result is a more liveable and healthy lifestyle,a more environmentally friendly development pattern, and a moreefficient transportation infrastructure and urban landscape. Equallyimportant in South Australia, this will stop the encroachment into theprized Barossa and McLaren Vale valleys and their critically importantagricultural resources. To this end, a firm non-porous urban growthboundary should be established in statute.All this will place additional demands on local governments. Theywill need to take this into consideration in their ‘Asset InfrastructurePlanning’. All stakeholders, including local governments andcommunities, must be involved in the integrated planning processas new infrastructure is built and the public realm is enhanced andincreased.x FRED HANSEN: ALL ON BOARDFRED HANSEN: ALL ON BOARD 7