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C O N F E R E N C E R E P O RT S39. Ryan R, Booth S, Price S. Corticosteroid-use inprimary and secondary brain tumour patients: areview. Journal of Neuro-oncology 2011; Oct 5.Journal of Neuro-oncology 2012;106:449-59.40. Amundson EW, McGirt MJ, Olivi A. A contralateral,transfrontal, extraventricular approach tostereotactic brainstem biopsy procedures. Technicalnote. J Neurosurg 2005;102:565-70.41. Hart MG, Grant R, Metcalfe SE. Biopsy versusresection for high grade glioma. CochraneDatabase of Systemic Reviews Issue 2, Art. No.:CD002034. DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD002034.200042. Albert FK, Forsting M, Sartor K, et al. Early postoperativemagnetic resonance imaging after resectionof malignant glioma: objective evaluation ofresidual tumour and its influence on regrowth andprognosis. Neurosurgery. 1994;34:45-60.43. McGirt MJ, Chaichana KL, Gathinji M.Independent association of extent of resection withsurvival in patients with malignant brain astrocytoma.J Neurosurg 2009Jan; 110(1):156-62.44. 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Walker MD, Alexander E, Hunt WE et al.Evaluation of BCNU and/or radiotherapy in thetreatment of anaplastic gliomas. A cooperativeclinical trial. J Neurosurg 1978;49:333–43.50. Stewart LA. Chemotherapy in adult high-gradeglioma: a systematic review and meta-analysis ofindividual patient data from 12 randomised trials.Lancet 2002;359:1011-18.51. Brem H, Piantadosi S, Burger PC et al. Placebocontrolledtrial of safety and efficacy of intraoperativecontrolled delivery by biodegradable polymersof chemotherapy for recurrent gliomas. ThePolymer-brain Tumor Treatment Group. Lancet1995;345(8956):1008-12.52. Niyazi M, Siefert A, Schwarz SB. Therapeuticoptions for recurrent malignant gliomaRadiotherapy and Oncology 2011;98:1-14.53. Shaw E, Seiferheld W, Scott C, Coughlin C,Leibel S, Curran W, Mehta M. Reexamining theradiation therapy oncology group (RTOG) recursivepartitioning analysis (RPA) for glioblastomamultiforme (GBM) patients. 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Norden AD, Young GS, Setayesh K et al.Bevacizumab for recurrent malignant gliomas: efficacy,toxicity, and patterns of recurrence.Neurology 2008;70(10):779-87.The Eighth Congress onMental Dysfunctions and otherNon-Motor Features inParkinson’s DiseaseConference details: 3-6 May, 2012, Berlin, Germany.Reviewed by: Professor Amos D Korczyn, Tel Aviv University.Remarkable success in treating the keymotor problems of Parkinson's disease(PD) has been achieved over the pastfifty years, with drugs, mainly levodopa andlater dopamine agonists, as well as with surgicalapproaches, particularly deep brain stimulation.However all these therapies, important asthey are, provide only symptomatic relief andnone affects the progression of the underlyingpathology.As therapy of motor features improved, moreattention has been paid to other manifestationsof the disease. Although James Parkinsonclaimed that "the senses are unaffected", in factmost PD patients manifest early cognitivechanges and most progress to full blowndementia in later stages of the disease.Autonomic changes are also common andaffect quality of life of the patients. Thesefrequently start with constipation but othersystems become affected as well. Orthostatichypotension mayinterfere with standing and walking. Sleepchanges pose problems for the patient,bedfellow and physician. Many people developREM-sleep behaviour disorders years before theappearance of motor manifestations, which areexpressed as vivid dreams, frequently frightening.Unlike normal dreams, in which theperson is unable to move, in PD the motorsystem is not inhibited and the patient mayenact the dream, sometimes with violent movementswhich may hit the spouse. Some patientscomplain of insomnia. Affective changes, particularlydepression, are also common in PD.These are not only a reaction to the motor problems.In fact these, like the autonomic manifestations,can appear years before the tremor,rigidity or bradykinesia first show. The sensorysystem is also affected in PD. Patients maydevelop pain, visual changes, and particularlyanosmia fairly early on. In addition to thesechanges, which are part of the underlyingdisease process, there are many iatrogenic nonmotorproblems which PD patients develop.Most intriguing is the newly described impulsecontrol disorder and the associated dopaminedysregulation syndrome.Many of these topics are not covered sufficientlyin international meetings, where industrialsupport leads the organisers to focus onissues which are of interest to the sponsors.Therefore there was a growing need forspecialised congresses. The first in this seriestook place in Jerusalem, Israel in 1994. In thepast few years, as interest grew and attendanceincreased with it, the congresses became moreregular, increasing to biannually and now annually.The eighth congress in Berlin attractedabout 800 participants, including neurologists,psychiatrists, geriatricians and basic scientists.The faculty included eminent scholars fromaround the world who participated in plenarytalks, symposia and discussions. There werealso hundreds of free communications andposters, where young clinicians and scientistswere able to face the distinguished leaders inthe field.There was extensive discussion of new developmentsin the field, the understanding of nonmotor aspects not only of PD but also of othermovement disorders such as Huntington'sdisease, Gilles de la Tourette syndrome andmany others. Psychological and biologicalmarkers of cognitive decline in PD werepresented, and the Pathogenesis of them deliberatedat length. lThe full program of the Congress can beseen at www.kenes.com/MDPD, wheredetails can also be found of the 9thMDPD Congress, which will be held inSeoul April 18-21, 2013.ACNR > VOLUME 12 NUMBER 4 > SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2012 > 29