minimum standards to obtain the fiata diploma in international freight ...

1.5 4 hrs FINANCIAL AND LEGAL REQUIREMENTS • Accounting and Cost Accounting• Risk Management• Invoicing according to agreed tariffs and/or quotations• Charging for full cost recovery• Rates and quotation records• Foreign currency conversion• Credit policy and worthiness• Legal aspect1.6 3hrs FIATA DOCUMENT AND FORMS1.6.1 FIATA Documents • FIATA FBL = Negotiable FIATA Multimodal Transport Bill of Lading• FIATA FWB = Non-negotiable FIATA Multimodal Transport Waybill• FIATA FCR = FIATA Forwarders Certificate of Receipt• FIATA FCT = FIATA Forwarders Certificate of Transport• FIATA FWR = FIATA Warehouse Receipt1.6.2 FIATA Forms • FIATA FFI = FIATA Forwarding Instructions• FIATA SDT = Shippers Declaration for the Transport of DangerousGoods• FIATA SIC = Shippers Intermodal Weight Certification1.7 2 hrs GENERAL KNOWLEDGE OF TRANSPORTRELATED GEOGRAPHY AND• Continents and most important countries• Knowledge of the main flows of traffic world-wide• Physical and climatic conditions• Time zones• Geopolitical aspects18

1.7 2 hrs SPECIAL TRANSPORT SERVICES • Consolidation – Groupage services offered by the freight forwarder• for all modes of transport (land, sea, container, air)• Transport of heavy weight and out of gauge cargo• Classified goods• Dangerous Goods• Foodstuff (liquid and solid)• Perishables• Flowers and Plants• LivestockTHESE TRANSPORTS SHOULD BE IN THE HANDSSPECIALISTS !1.8 2 hrs PACKING REQUIREMENTS • Most economic and appropriate packing methods according to mode oftransport• Marking, Weighing, Measuring, Calculation of w/m (weightmeasurement)• Packing specialists• Packing and labelling according to regulations and classification ofDangerous Goods ( see chapter 16 )1.9 1hr INFORMATION & COMMUNICATIONTECHNOLOGIES (ICT)see chapter 12INTRODUCTION ONLY !• Structure and functioning of IT Systems• Mainframe and personal networks• Hardware• Software• Particular applications in the transport industry• EDIFOR – EDIFACT• e-forwarding• e-commerce19

2.30 hrsSEA TRANSPORT (GENERAL)Learning ObjectiveThe applicant should be in a position to give information on the basic regulations for sea shipments, services offered,and most current types of ships in use. He should be familiar with the documents used for sea carriage.Furthermore he should be able to explain the pricing of ocean freight.2.1.1 1hr DRAFTED REGULATIONS FOR THETRANSPORT OF GOODS BY SEA2.1.2 1 hr INTERGOVERNMENTAL / NON-GOVERNMENTALORGANISATIONS2.2 3 hrs SHIPPING SERVICES• Hague / Hague-Visby - Rules – Hamburg Rules• BIMCO (Baltic- and International Maritime Council)• IMO (International Maritime Organisation)• IMDG Code (Regulations for the transport of Dangerous Goods bysea• Dangerous Goods : Packing and labelling for transportation by seaDifferent types of ocean transports• Liner shipments (Conventional or Container services)• Liner Conferences/Consortiawww.bimco.orgwww.imo.org• Non-Conference lines (outsiders)• Charter shipments (e.g. time charter, trip charter)• Ro-Ro Traffic (roll on/roll of) – for vehicles and trucks and heavypackages (unpacked)2.3 1 hr TYPES OF VESSELS • Container ships• Ro-Ro carriers• Bulk carriers (dry cargo vessels)• Conventional ships• Tankers (Crude oil, chemicals, liquid foodstuffs)• Heavy lift ships (equipped with cranes and derricks)20

3. 20hoursMARITIME CONTAINERS(SEA CONTAINERS)Learning ObjectiveThe applicant should be able to explain the functioning and the rules of international container shipments by sea. He should showknowledge of the most used container types, the necessary shipping documents and also have an idea of freight pricing formaritime containers.3.1 1 hr GENERAL KNOWLEDGE OF CONTAINERTRANSPORTS BY SEA• Economic conditions affecting traffic of maritime containers• Important traffic routes• Container leasing (types of leasing agreements)• Terminals at sea ports• Inland container terminals• Gantry cranes3.2 11 hrs TYPES AND SPECIFICATION FOR THE MOSTUSED CONTAINER• The types of containers mostly used• Dimensions (ISO Containers)• Length Width Height• 20‘ 8‘ 8‘- 8‘6‘‘ _ = standard• 40‘ 8‘ 8‘6‘‘ – 9‘6‘‘ height of 9'6" = high cube• 45‘ 8‘ 8‘6‘‘ – 9‘6‘‘ height of 9'6" = super highcube (length 45')• TEU = Twenty foot equivalent unit• Most important types of containers:Box (Dry van), Open Top, Open Side, Bulk, Tanks, Reefer, Platform,Flat• Maximum weight allowed (payload)• Loading gauge at departure and at destinationwww.bic-code.org3.3 2 hrs LOADING PROCEDURE • Loading plan for container• Weight limits (container and on transport modes)• Centre of gravity• Stuffing/stripping of containers22

3.4 2 hrs WAY –BILLS AND ACOMPANYING DOCUMENTS • Establishment of way-bills and accompanying documents forconveyance by• Sea• Inland waterway• Rail• Road3.5 3 hrs PRICING OF INLAND AND OCEAN FREIGHT A) Haulage rates (inland charges)• Inland transport rates (Delivery and/or collection to sea ports by rail orby roadB) Ocean freight• Lumpsum / Box rates• Commodity rates• Conference Tariff rates• General terms :• FCL = Full Container Load• LCL = Less than Container Load (part loads)• THL = Terminal Handling Charges• Handling in / Handling out (Positioning of empty containers)• Carrier's haulage / Merchant's haulage (pre-carriage/on-carriage)• Detention charges• Demurrage charges3.6 1 hr GEOGRAPHY OF CONTAINER TRAFFIC • Most important container terminals• Sea ports, inland terminals• Feeder services• 'Hub and Spoke' port-pair systems• Short sea services (smaller vessels ‚feeding‘ large ports to enablethe big container ships to reduce port calls)23

4.21 hrsMULTIMODAL TRANSPORTLearning Objective : The student should be able to understand the concepts of International Multimodal Transport(IMT), know the advantages of IMT, appreciate the different types of IMT and its relationships with intervening parties,covering the various scopes of services provided by the MTO, able to explain the various risks, responsibilities andliabilities faced by the MTO, know the different types of international conventions covering the transport of generalcargoes and dangerous goods in the different modes of transports and its combinations, know the executions ofImport, Export and Transhipment via the IMT modes, understand what is Project Forwarding and appreciate theneeds of Alternative Transport Solutions4.1.1 3 hrs1.1 Introductionwww.unctad.orgwww.fiata.comwww.immta.orgwww.uncitral.org4.1.2 1.2 Definition Of Multimodal Transport4.1.31.3 General Features1.3.1 International Conventions governing the Transport of Goods byAir, Sea,Road, Rail and Inland Waterway for General Cargoes1.3.2 International Conventions governing the Transport of Goods byAir, Sea,Road, Rail and Inland Waterway for Dangerous Goods1.3.3 Network Liability4.1.4 1.4 Advantages of Multimodal Transport1.4.1 Minimise time loss at transhipment points1.4.2 Provides faster transit of goods1.4.3 Reduces burden of documentation and formalities1.4.4 Saves costs1.4.5 Establishes only one agency to deal with1.4.6 Reduces costs of Exports24

4.2.1 3 hrs .1 Different types of MT .1.1 Sea/Air.1.2 Air/road (truck).1.3 Rail/road/inland waterways-sea-rail/road inland waterways.1.4 Mini-bridge.1.5 Land bridge.1.6 Piggyback.1.7 Sea Train.1.8 Rail-sea-land.1.9 Inland waterway-sea-inland waterway.1.10 RO-RO.1.11 Sea-rail4.2.2.2 Different types of Operators .2.1 VOCC.2.2. NVOCC4.2.3 .3 Relationship with intervening parties .3.1 Carriers.3.2 Non-carriers.3.3 Other parties4.2.4 .4 Scope of Services performed by the MTO .4.1 FCL.4.2 LCL.4.3 Weighing and measurement of cargo.4.4 CFS.4.5 Consolidation.4.6 Booking of space.4.7 CY.4.8 Liaison with Customs.4.9 Insurance Coverage.4.10 Return of leased containers.4.11 Communication25

4.3.1 3 hrs 1.1 Types of documents 1.1.1 Documents received from Customer1.1.1.1 FFI or SI1.1.1.2 FIATA SDT1.1.2 Documents issued to Customer1.1.2.1 FIATA FCR1.1.2.2 FIATA FCT1.1.2.3 FIATA MTB/L1.1.2.4 FWR1.1.2.5 OB/L,MAWB1.1.2.6 HB/L, HAWB1.1.3 Documents issue to Overseas Agents1.1.3.1 Cargo Manifest1.1.3.2 Pre-advice/Pre-alert.2 MTO Liability .2.1 “As Agent”1.2.1 “As Principal”1.3 Types of Liabilities 1.3.1 Uniform Liability1.3.2 Network Liability1.4 UNCTAD/ICC Rules for MT Documents4.4. 3 hrs 1.1 How to plan and execute ImportShipment1.1.1 Understand the various types of Sales Contracts1.1.2 C.F.R. or C.I.F.1.1.3 1.1.2 Ex Works, F.O.B., F.A.S.1.2 Assessing Cost1.3 Calculating Transit Time1.4 Planning from Origin to Destination1.5 Execute Import Procedures for FCL/FCL,Consolidation Box & Conventional26

4.5. 3 hrs 1.1 How to plan and execute Export Shipment 1.1.1 Basic Principles – Nature of Goods, Voyage, Time Element, CostSafety1.2 Understand the various types of SalesContracts1.2.1 C.F.R. or C.I.F.1.2.2 Ex Works, F.O.B. – with & without documentary credit1.3 Considerations for selection of vessels –Technical Aspects & Commercial Aspects1.4 Execute Export Procedures for FCL/FCL,Consolidation Box & Conventional4.6.1 3 hrs 1.1 Understand what is Project Forwarding ? 1.1.1 Introduction on Project Forwarding4.6.2 2.0 How are Projects awarded ? 2.1. The Project Engineer2.2 The International Freight Forwarder as a Project Forwarder4.6.3 3.0 The Pre-Qualification4.6.4 4.0 The Tender4.6.5 5.0 The Award of the Contract4.6.6 6.0 How to prepare a bid ? 6.1 Study of Logistical Requirements6.2 Rate Negotiations6.3 The Bid4.6.7 7.0 The Contract4.6.8 8.0 How is a Project Handled ?4.7.1 3 hrs 1.1 Alternative Transport Solutions 1.1.1 Introduction – Thinking in Alternatives27

4.7.2. 1.2 Identifying the Needs – Safety & Securityof the Cargo, Reasonable TransportationCost & Scheduled delivery of cargo atdestinations4.7.3 1.3 The Alternatives Available – Parcel, RailTransportation, Truck Transportation,Ocean Transportation, Airfreight4.7.4 1.4 Making the final decision – Criteria, OtherConsiderations, Minimum Rates/VolumeCargo4.7.5 1.5 Strikes & Port Congestions – OrganisedLabours, Freight Forwarders’ reactionstowards strikes, What are the alternatives28

5. 50hoursAIR TRANSPORTLearning ObjectiveThe applicant should be proficient with the basic regulations for air transport. He should be able to the explain the groundhandling and the documentation procedures of air cargo transport. He also should demonstrate his familiarity with airfreightpricing with examples of calculation.Note : Students who have successfully completed the IATA/FIATA INTRODUCTORY COURSE and obtained theIATA/FIATA Introductory Diploma may be exempted from this module5.1 14 hrs GENERAL CONDITIONS OF CARRIAGE • IATA = International Air Transport Association promotes :‣ co-operation between airlines and exchange of information‣ co-operation with international organisations (e.g. ICAO)‣ standardisation of rates and conditions etc.www.iata.orgwww.icao.orgwww.tiaca.org• Warsaw convention and The Hague protocol• IATA Organisation and Agency agreement• Montreal agreement (MP4)• Liability of the airlines• Possibilities of increasing liability of airlines• Dangerous Goods by air• IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations (DGR)• ICAO-TI ( International Civil Aviation Organization – TechnicalInstructions• Shipper's declaration for Dangerous Goods compulsory• Labelling and handling of dangerous goods• Restricted articles• Limited quantities• Difference between Agent and Contracting Carrier (consolidator),liabilities5.2 7 hrs TYPES AND SPECIFICATIONS OF THE MOSTUSED AIRCRAFTS AND AIR-PALLETS• The most used aircraft’s (Passengers and Freighters)• loading capacity• range• specification of loading holds• Loading devices (LD Containers and Pallets/Platforms)29

5.3 14 hrs WAY-BILLS AND ACCOMPANYING DOCUMENTS • The airway bill (3 originals : green, red and blue, plus at least 6copies)• The neutral airway bill recommended by FIATA• Accompanying documents• Consular invoices• Customs invoices• Certificate of Origin5.4 11 hrs CALCULATION OF AIRFREIGHT • Airfreight publications• International rates TACT tariffs, rules of calculation, etc).• Domestic rates• General cargo rates, Class rates, Specific commodities rates• Minimum• Normal rate• Quantity rate• Specific commodity rates• Class rates• Possibility of combination of various sorts and groups of tariffs• Add-on amounts• Possibility of prepayments instructions• Spot rates•Tariff rates for airfreight are in many areas seen as reference indicatorsonly and therefore negotiable5.5 4 hrs GEOGRAPHY IN AIR TRANSPORT • Local airports• International airports• (the most important gateways)• Traffic Conference Areas• IATA areas and city/airport codes• How to read timetables (ABC, OAG)• Elaboration of air traffic routes30

6. 50hoursROAD TRANSPORTLearning objectiveThe applicant should be acquainted with basic regulations of road transport. He should be in a position to state the commonlyused vehicles to give information on transport documents for road movements. Furthermore he should explain the tariff structureand give examples and how to offer to customers. He should also know the international road network (most important routes)6.1 14 hrs LEGAL REQUIREMENTS FOR NATIONAL ANDINTERNATIONAL ROAD TRANSPORT• Organisation of the Road Carriers (International Road Union = IRU)• CMR• Liability of the carrier• Legal requirements on road traffic regarding maximum weight, outsidedimensions, traffic ban during certain periods• Necessary steps to take for out-of-gauge movements (weight ordimensions)• Requirements regarding handling, loading and labelling of DangerousGoods (ADR regulations)•www.iru.org6.2 7 hrs TYPES OF ROAD VEHICLES • Length, width, height, loading and total weight of the• most used trucks (inland and border crossing traffic)• Combined movements :• Road/rail• Road/ferryboat• Roll on-roll off• Transport of refrigerated cargo• Heavy lift cargo• Swap-bodies (similar to containers)6.3 14 hrs WAY-BILLS AND ACCOMPANYING DOCUMENTS • Waybill for inland transportation• Waybill for cross border traffics• Liability of the carrier• Conclusion and fulfilment of the transport contract• International Customs transit Document (e.g. carnet TIR)31

6.4 11 hrs TARIFFS • Minimum tariffs for part and complete loads• Calculation of tariff distances• Determination of possible commodity / class rates• Tariff for additional services• Possibilities of prepayments instructions• Groupage and chartering tariffs6.5 4 hrs GEOGRAPHY OF ROAD TRANSPORT • The most important transit points• The most important international traffic routes• Ferryboat connections32

7. 20hoursRAIL TRANSPORTLearning objectiveThe applicant should be competent to give information on the legal aspects of carriage by rail and he should be able to describerolling stock (most important railcars)and combined traffic by rail. He should explain how to complete consignment notes and howto work with rail tariffs.7.1 4 hrs LEGAL REQUIREMENTS OF NATIONAL ANDINTERNATIONAL RAIL TRANSPORT• UIC = International Railway Union (world-wide)• CIM = (International Convention for rail transport, mainly Europe)• SMGS (International Convention for rail transport in Eastern Europe• including Russia and some Asian countries• rights and duties of the Railways and its customers (e.g. forwarders)• Requirements regarding handling, labelling and loading of DangerousGoods (RID, mainly for Europe)www.uic.asso.fr7.2. 3 hrs WAYS AND MEANS OF TRANSPORTATION A) Conventional transport by rail (railwagons)complete wagon loads (part loads have nearly disappeared)• Types of railwagon (railway-owned or private railwagons)• Special railwagons (e.g. with changeable axles, container• carrying railwagons)• Loading gaugesB) Combined transport by rail (road-rail transport)• Piggyback (transport by rail of road semi-trailers)• Container traffic by rail (unaccompanied combined transport• Swap-bodies (similar to containers), Euro (pallet wide) containersEUROPE:www.uirr.comwww.icfonline.com7.3 4 hrs WAYBILLS AND ACCOMPANYING DOCUMENTS • Preparation of national and International consignment notes• Accompanying documents (customs documents, commercial invoicesetc.)33

7.4 7 hrs TARIFFS (CONVENTIONAL OR COMBINEDTRANSPORT)A) Conventional transport by rail• Conditions of application of rail tariffs• Charges based on loading weight per railwagon, lumpsum rates• per railwagon, per complete trainload• Minimum charges to be considered• Distances to be taken into accountPayment of the freight charges (e.g. prepaid, collect, up to border etc,)B) Combined transport by rail• Contract of carriage• Rates per Intermodal Transport Unit (ITU) which can be container,swap body or semi-trailer, suitable for intermodal transport• Special agreements (e.g. trainloads, quantity rebates etc.)7.5 2 hrs GEOGRAPHY AND OPERATIONAL ASPECTS INRAIL TRANSPORT• Main national railway network• International railway network, border stations (transit)• Rail terminals (rail/road interchange stations, port stations)34

8.15 hrsNATIONAL/INTERNATIONAL CARRIAGE BY INLAND WATERWAYLearning objectiveThe applicant should give summary information on how inland waterway transport is organised. He also should be able to list themost common barges and their particularities. He should know the documents to be used and give information on the pricing offreight shipped in barges. Finally he should name the most important navigable waterways.8.1 4 hrs LEGAL REQUIREMENTS OF TRANSPORTS BYINLAND WATERWAY• Agreements between the countries concerned• Conditions of carriage• Legal framework• Conditions for the transport of dangerous goods• ADN (International carriage of Dangerous Goods by inlandwaterway8.2 1 hr TYPE OF BARGES USED IN INLANDWATERWAY CARRIAGE• Motor barges• Tugged barges• Tug8.3 4 hrs WAYBILLS AND ACCOMPANYING DOCUMENTS • Inland waterway bill of lading• Inland waterway consignment note• The most important conditions of the bill of lading and the consignmentnote7.4 5 hrs DETERMINATION OF FREIGHT CHARGES FORINLAND WATERWAY TRANSPORT• Agreements/Conventions on freight charges• Surcharges such as• Low water• High water• Ice• Level of water-mark• Ascertain weight of goods (official verification)7.5 1 hr GEOGRAPHY OF INLAND WATERWAYS • Network of navigable waterways• Locks• Side rivers and canals• Most important river ports•35

9. 30hoursCUSTOMS PROCEDURESLearning objectiveThe applicant should be in a position to explain the necessity of customs duties and control on imported, exported or transitcargo. He should give a brief information on the existing international conventions/agreements , structure of customs tariffs(national) and the forms used in his country.He should be in a position to calculate customs duties for a simple consignment (one NHM position). He should alsobe aware of Customs offences/frauds.9.1 4 hrs GENERAL INFORMATION ON THE NATIONALCUSTOMS ADMINISTRATION• Organisation• National customs territory• Duties and rights of the customs administration and the• freight forwarder acting as customs clearing agent• The most important laws affecting customs clearance• Customs offences• Appeals in customs matters• Preventing drug smugglingWORLD CUSTOMSORGANISATION,BE-Brusselswww.wcoomd.org9.2 7 hrs NATIONAL CUSTOMS TARIFFS • Structure of the Customs Tariff• Signification of the Customs Nomenclature• Calculations of customs duties• Customs forms9.3 7 hrs NATIONAL CUSTOMS PROCEDURES • Final Customs Clearance (import, export)• Temporary admission and other special types of clearance, such as• transit under bond, duty free zones etc.• Preferential duties• Simplified procedures• Administration of Bonds9.4 4 hrs LIABILITY OF THE FREIGHT FORWARDER9.4.19.4.2LIABILITY OF THE FREIGHT FORWARDERTOWARDS THE CUSTOMS ADMINISTRATIONLIABILITY ( IN THE CUSTOMS CONTEXT) OFTHE FREIGHT FORWARDER TOWARDS THECUSTOMER• According to the local/national legislation• According to the local/national legislation36

9.5 5 hrs INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS • KYOTO Convention• HS - Harmonised System• GATT – General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade• Customs preferences for goods from developing countries• ATA Convention• TIR Conventions – Customs Convention on the international transportof goods under cover of TIR carnets9.6 3 hrs OTHER POSSIBLE DUTIES OF THE CUSTOMSADMINISTRATION• VAT (applicable rate and taxable value)• Control of import and export consignments• Import Licences e.g. for certain types of Dangerous Goods (ADR/IMDGcode, class 1 and 7 = Explosives, radioactive substances)• Veterinarian control• Live plant control (phytosanitary control)• Intellectual Property, Counterfeit, Artifacts, Boycott issues• Other specified duties for other governmental authorities37

10. 30hours10.1 4hrsLOGISTICSLearning objectiveThe applicant should be able to describe the role of the forwarder in logistic activities and define logistic systems. He also shouldstate the main steps in a logistic project. He should be acquainted with terms such as JIT‚ ‘pull systems‘, physical distribution,supply chain, tailor made services. He should also be framiliar with the procedure of warehousing, types of warehouse andfinancial aspects of storage.LOGISTICS AND FORWARDING • Definition of logistics• Historical origin of logistics• The forwarder in the supply chain process• Common and divergent tasks in logistics and forwarding activities• Conventional activities of the forwarder :• transport, warehousing, handling• Logistical activities• Provision of logistical services• Development and implementation of logistical services• Outsourcing• QM (Quality Management Systems)10.2 7hrsLOGISTIC CONCEPT/PROJECT • PROJECT (Logistics can be seen in many cases as project basedmanagement)• Actual situation• Definition of the order• Concept• Strategy (Targets, Solutions)• Alternative concepts (material- and information flow)• Evaluation• Detailed planning• Organisation, budget, implementation, cost calculation• Realisation• Controlling10.3 3hrsPHYSICAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS • Categories of logistics providers/Forwarders• Single provider• Providers of special services• Network providers• System providers38

10.4 4hrs10.5 2hrsSUBSYSTEMS IN LOGISTICS(SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT = SCM)INFORMATION HANDLING AND CONTROLISSUES• Procurement Logistic• Production Logistics• Logistics around the point of sales• Just-in-time deliveries• Supply chain management• Customer centred data• Data sharing systems – customer and forwarder• Data management in parallel to cargo management10.6 1 hr VALUE ADDED SERVICES • Marking• Packing• Retail packing• Co-packing• De-Consol and Re-Consol (Distribution function)10.7 1 hr COMMODITY RELATED SYSTEMS • Automotive industry• Food processing industry etc.39

WAREHOUSING, STORAGE AND DISTRIBUTION10.8 1 hr RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF THE WAREHOUSEOPERATOR AND THE CUSTOMER• Liability of the warehouse owner• Liability of the owner of the goods ( > accurate declaration of contentsand value)• Terms of contract10.9 1 hr TYPES OF WAREHOUSES • Private warehouse• Bonded warehouse• Public warehouse• FCR – FIATA Forwarders Certificate of Receipt10.10 2hrs♦♦WAREHOUSE DOCUMENTSIT (INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY) FORWAREHOUSES• Private warehouse receipt• FWR – FIATA warehouse receipt• Warrant warehouse receipt• IT Systems for warehousingEquipment and systems• Racking and Layout• Lift Trucks and VNA (Very Narrow Aisle) Trucks• Order picking• Fully automated warehouse systems10.11 2hrsCONSTRUCTION, LAYOUT AND SAFETY • Choice of location [Relationship to market / geographic needs]• Relative size [floor area versus internal cube]• Internal layout [flexibility / equipment choices]• Safe working practices• Fire Prevention [Equipment / Testing / Housekeeping / Waste disposal]10.12 1 hr DEBIT OF WAREHOUSE CHARGES /RENT • Storage charges• Warehouse rent• Warehouse insurance• Warehouse handling fees• Ancillary charges• IT based invoicing•40

10.13 1 hr GENERAL • Warrant storage• Consignment store• Compulsory storage41

11. 10hrs11.1 5hrsINSURANCELearning ObjectiveThe applicant should be able to give information on the different possibilities of insurance coverage and its characteristics. Heshould also be in a position to state briefly the liability of carriers. His knowledge should enable him to deal with simple insuranceissues.LIABILITY INSURANCE11.1.1 LIABILITY INSURANCE POLICY • Risks covered• Liability insurance for FIATA Bill of Lading (It should be noted thatthere are no specific insurance requirements for the use of the FIATAbill of lading other than the user having insurance in place to covertheir operational liabilities with a first class insurance company)• Brokers offering cover in local marketplace (e.g. TT Club, etc.)11.1.2 LIABILITY OF DIFFERENT PARTIES • Insurance company (Note: the Insurance company should beproviding insurance that properly covers the risks involved and to theproper liability limits - and applicable to the appropriate legislativeregimes that may be involved in any given transit)www.ttclub.comwww.aktivassekuranz.de• Freight forwarder (very important when carrying e.g. DangerousGoods)• Carriers such as• Railway networks• Road operators• Shipping lines inland waterways• Ocean going traffic• Airlines• Express services (Integrators)• Logistics service providers• Limitation on Liability , such as• Contractual• Total Claim Value• Single Incident Value• Re-Insurance Concepts42

11.2. 5hrsTRANSPORT INSURANCE11.2.1 GENERAL INSURANCE POLICY • Cargo insurance policy (also blank endorsed)• Cargo insurance cover required in accordance with shipper’sdeclaration and mode of transport, especially where InternationalConventions are applicable – CMR, Hague-Visby, etc• Insurable value (Ex Works, FOB, Duty Paid, with profit, etc.)• Ancillary service requirements• Utmost Good faith11.2.2 TYPES OF COVERAGE • FPA – Free of Particular Average• WPA – With Particular Average• ALL RISKS – against all risks according to type of goods• War risks• Risks to cover strikes and civil unrest• Exclusions :• Uninsurables, e.g. Nuclear incidents, Acts of God, Inherent Viceetc.11.2.3 DUTIES OF THE FREIGHT FORWARDER INCASE OF DAMAGE• Place Carriers on notice (all parties to contract). Request reserves• Assessment of damage (Joint survey etc.)• Lodge a claim for damage• Claims documentation and supporting documents• as required by insurer• Record of claims and settlement• Duty to minimise loss• Contractual Time-Bar issue11.2.4 GENERAL AVERAGE • General Average clause• Declaration of general Average• Requirement of for General Average Bond• Average adjuster• General Average adjustment43

12. 10hrsDANGEROUS GOODSEducational objective : The student should be acquainted with the most important UN Regulations (Air, Sea, Road/Rail) forDangerous Goods. He should be able to demonstrate its application in practice includinguse and completion of the necessary documents12.1 1 hr ROLE OF THE PARTIES IN THETRANSPORT CHAIN• Definition of DANGEROUS GOODS• Shippers‘ responsibility• Freight Forwarders‘ responsibility• Carriers‘ responsibility• Third-party liability (e.g. warehousing)• In house policy concerning Dangerous goods• Risk management12.2 3 hrs REGULATIONS • UN RECOMMENDATIONS ON THE TRANSPORT OF DANGEROUSGOODS (Orange book)www.unece.org/trans/danger/danger.htm• IATA-DGR, ICAO-TI (Air)• IMDG Code (Sea)• ADR (Road)• RID (Rail)• EN 12798 (supplement to ISO 9000 series)• National legislation12.3 1 hr CLASSIFICATION • 9 main classes ( 1 – 9)• Identification : UN-Number, Proper Shipping Name12.4 2 hrs MARKING OF HAZARDOUS CARGO,HANDLING• Hazard Labels• Labelling• Packaging, Packing Group, Segregation of Packaging• Vehicle plates, Placarding of Vehicles• Handling of Dangerous Goods (Terminals, Transport)• Accidents/incidents• Data Banks / Ref. Points / Local expertise (Civil Defence, PortAuthority etc.)44

12.5 1 hr TRAINING•• Training plan, Training structure (modes of transport)• Person in charge of Dangerous Goods• Guidelines, Checklists, in house policy• Dangerous Goods Safety Adviser = DGSA (mainly Europe)• FIATA Publication : "A FIATA Introduction to the Regulations for thesafe handling and transport of Dangerous Goods"•12.6 2 hr DOCUMENTATION • Shippers declaration• Multimodal Dangerous Goods Form (recommended by UN), reflectedin sea mode and ADR/RID• FIATA SDT (Shippers Declaration for the transport of DangerousGoods45

13. Total10 hSAFETY AND SECURITYLearning Objective: The trainee will be able to describe current Safety and Security measures used in his dailypractice as a Freight Forwarder and explain the difference between Safety and Security. He should list anddescribe existing Security programs in the transport chain, taking into account the different modes of transport.13.1. 1 hr DEFINITION OF SAFETY AND SECURITY(In many languages there is only oneexpression for Safety/Security !)SAFETY : The origin of the danger can be human, natural, technical and isalways involuntaryProtection of health and well-being of employees/workers, protection of theenvironment, protection against fire13.2. 2hrsSECURITY IN THE TRANSPORT CHAINSECURITY : The threat is always caused by human malevolence(voluntary action)Prevention of all forms of risk and threat, protection of people, goods andproperty, protection of the firm, its interest, its stakeholdersCharacteristic and significance of Security in today's Transport Chain13.3.Total5 hrsSECURITY PROGRAMS IN THETRANSPORT CHAINMany of the Security Programs have been implemented by the U.S. as apost 9 /11 measure13.3.1AMS (Automated Manifest System)- Air AMS- Vessel AMS- Rail AMS- Truck AMS• AMS is a multi-modular cargo inventory control and release notificationsystem for sea, air, and rail carriers. AMS speeds the flow of cargo andentry processing and provides participants with electronic authorizationto move cargo prior to arrival. AMS facilitates the intermodal movementand delivery of cargo by rail and trucks through the In-bond system.http://www.cbp.gov/xp/cgov/import/operations_support/automated_systems/ams/46

13.3.213.3.313.3.413.3.5BTA (Bioterrorism Act) United StatesCSI (Container Security Initiative)C-TPAT (Customs Trade Partnershipagainst Terrorism)FAST (Free and Secure Trade)• The events of September 11, 2001 , highlighted the need to enhancethe security of the U.S. food supply and underscored the importance ofFDA's (Food and Drug Administration) food research activities. TheCongress passed the Public Health Security and BioterrorismPreparedness and Response Act of 2002 (Bioterrorism Act) whichwas signed into law on June 12, 2002. This landmark legislationprovided the FDA with significant new tools to protect the nation's foodsupply against the threat of intentional contamination and other foodrelatedemergencies.• CSI is a program intended to help increase security for containerizedcargo shipped to the United States from around the world. CSIaddresses the threat to border security and global trade posed by thepotential for terrorist use of a maritime container to deliver a weapon.• The Customs-Trade Partnership Against Terrorism (C-TPAT) is avoluntary supply chain security program led by U.S. Customs andBorder Protection (CBP) and focused on improving the security ofprivate companies' supply chains with respect to terrorism. The programwas launched in November 2001 with seven initial participants, all largeU.S. companies.• The Free and Secure Trade (FAST) program is a joint United States-Canadian/Mexican program between the Canada/Mexico BorderServices Agency and the United States Customs and Border Protection.The FAST initiative offers pre-authorized importers, carriers and driversexpedited clearance for eligible goods, building on what Canadapreviously implemented under their Customs Self Assessment (CSA)programhttp://www.fda.gov/oc/bioterrorism/bioact.htmlhttp://www.cbp.gov/xp/cgov/border_security/international_activities/csi/http://www.cbp.gov/xp/cgov/import/commercial_enforcement/ctpat/http://www.cbp.gov/xp/cgov/import/commercial_enforcement/ctpat/fast/13.3.6ISPS Code• The International Ship and Port Facility Security Code (ISPS Code) is acomprehensive set of measures to enhance the security of ships andport facilities, developed in response to the perceived threats to shipsand port facilities in the wake of the 9/11 attacks in the United States.www.imo.org13.3.7TAPA-EMEA (Transported Asset ProtectionAssociation)EMEA = (Europe, Middle East & Africa)• TAPA-EMEA is an Association of security professionals and related tobusiness partners from companies involved in the transportation of highvalue goodswww.tapaemea.com47

13.3.8CDI-MPC (Chemical Distribution Institute -Marine Packed Cargo• The Chemical Distribution Institute (CDI) is an independent, nonprofitmaking, organisation funded by the chemical industry. CDI wascreated to provide risk assessment systems for bulk liquid chemicalsshipping and storage. In full cooperation with the distribution industry,CDI has developed the Marine Packed Cargo (CDI-mpc) scheme. Itprovides audit data for each category of Logistic Service Providers(LSP) involved in the distribution supply chain for packaged chemicals:Shipping Companies Ships Tank Container Operators ContainerTerminals, Container Freight Stations, Freight Forwarders, Agentshttp://www.cdi.org.uk/13.3.9 ISOPAS 28 000 • Security Initiative in global supply chains resulting from industry andgovernmental cooperation within ISO (International StandardOrganisation)www.iso.org• Policy• Security risk assessment and planning• Implementation and operation• Checking and corrective action• Management review48

13.4 EUROPE13.4.12 hrsAEO (Authorized Economic Operator• One of the main elements of the security amendment of the CommunityCustoms Code (Regulation (EC) 648/2005) is the creation of the AEOconcept.• On the basis of Article 5 a of the security amendments of theCommunity Customs Code, Member States will be entitled to grant theAEO-status to any economic operator that meets common criteriarelating to the operators' control systems, financial solvency andcompliance record. The status of the authorised economic operatorgranted by one Member State is recognized by the other MemberStates, but does not confer the right to benefit automatically in the otherMember States from simplifications provided for in the customs rules.However, the other Member States should grant the use ofsimplifications to authorised economic operators provided they meet allthe specific requirements for the particular simplifications.http://ec.europa.eu/taxation_customs/customs/policy_issues/customs_security/index_en.htm• AEO e-learning course :http://ec.europa.eu/taxation_customs/customs/cooperation_programmes/key_policies/elearning/article_4540_en.htm13.4.2 CSP CUSTOMS SECURITY PROGRAMME • EU Customs approach on securityControl Standardshttp://ec.europa.eu/taxation_customs/resources/documents/common/publications/info_docs/customs/customs_security_en.pdf13.4.3SQAS (Safety & Quality AssessmentSystem• SQAS is a system to evaluate the quality, safety, security andenvironmental performance of Logistics Service Providers (LSP's) andChemical Distributors in a uniform manner by single standardisedassessments carried out by independent assessors using a standardquestionnaire.A SQAS assessment does not lead to a certificate but offers a detailedfactual report which each chemical company needs to evaluateaccording to its own requirements.www.sqas.org49

INTERACTION BETWEEN SAFETY AND SECURITYSecurity”prevent loss or damage as aresult of a conscious act”Safety”prevent loss or damageas a result of an accident”AMSC-TPAT CSITAPAFASTISOPAS WCO – AEO (Europe)Known Shipper AEOBTAISPS CodeRegulat ed Agent- risk assesment- co-ordination-routines- documentation-training- instructions- accident /incidentreporting- follow up- auditsDGSQASCDI-MPCWorker’s ProtectionISO 9001Dangerous goods cannot be dealt with inisolation with regard to security measures.50

14. 12 hrs INFORMATION & COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES (ICT) IN FORWARDINGLearning objectivesThe applicant should be able to appreciate the fundamental essentials in the usage of technologies attributed in the applicationof computer and communication. Such technologies that are applicable in Forwarding, either in form of applications orstandards, are focussed on data collection, exchanging and manipulation. The applicant must also appreciate the extent of thee-business and e-commerce in the world of the Internet and the world wide web (www).In addition, fundamental understanding of security and electronic signatures used in e-commerce should also be appreciated.14.1 1 hr BASIC UNDERSTANDING OF COMPUTER ANDITS ENVIRONMENT14.2 1 hr ROLE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES INFORWARDING• Understanding of Hardware and Software• CPU, RAM, Storage Device, Drives, BIOS• Different types of Operating systems (UNIX, DOS, Windows)• Basic principles of information processing in business environment• Online, Offline, Batch processing• Understanding the task of computing personnel• Ethics of usage• Role of the users and System Administrators• Software aspects• Hardware Platform specifically : "off-the-shelf" versus "custommade". Limitation of software• Role of Office Automation• User Knowledge of Word Processing, Spreadsheet, e-mail,presentation, images)• Computerised Control System• Documentation systems (Customs declaration, AWB, B/Lading)• Warehousing and Logistics Support systems• Awareness of the convergence of computing & communicationtechnologies• Impact of Information & Communication Technologies in the world offorwarding14.3 1 hrDATA STORAGE & MANAGEMENT ANDDATABASES • Overview of Data, Data Storage and Data Management• Overview of Database Systems• Relational Database Systems and RDBMS• File Organisation, Storage Systems• Database Backup and Recovery "on site" and "off site"• Database Security and Authorisation• Data Warehouse and Data Mining51

14.4 1 hr PRINCIPLES OF NETWORKING AND DATASHARING14.5 1 hr TELECOMMUNICATION AND ITSAPPLICATIONS• Principles of Networking and Data Sharing• Overview of Network Topologies and Components• Types of networking topologies (Star, Token-Ring, Distributed)• Understanding of LAN, WAN, peer-to-peer networks• Understanding of Client/Server Architecture• Latest technologies (Wireless Network, Digital Network)• Basic understanding of what are the available technologies currentlyoffered by the telecommunication Companies14.6 1 hr ELECTRONIC DATA INTERCHANGE (EDI) ANDVALUE-ADDED NETWORK (VAN)• Understanding of the concept of EDI• Benefits of using VAN (Value Added Network)• EDI Standards and Messages Types• Understanding of UNEDIFACT• Role of UNCEFACT in EDIFACT• EDIFOR• Types of EDIFOR messages• XML – usage issues versus sequential message structures• XML websitewww.unece.org/cefact14.7 1 hr BARCODING AND ITS APPLICATION • Understanding of Concept of Barcodes• How Barcodes work within EDI, External versus Internal referencedata• Barcode Standards and Symbologies : 2D and 3D concepts• EAN/UCC• IATA & MITL Labels• Resolution 606 B of IATA• Detailed explantation of 606 B Labels• What are Multi-Industry Transport Labels ?www.ean.bewww.iata.org14.8 1 hr INTERNET AND WEB-BASED TECHNOLOGY • Overview of Internet• ISP (Internet Service Provider)• Web Browsers & other applications• E-mail and other Services52

14.9 1 hr E-COMMERCE • Understanding of e-commerce• What is e-commerce ?• Components of e-commerce• e-commerce Applications• e.g. : space booking, tracking and tracing, EDI messages, etc.• Some Legal Issues relating to e-commercewww.w3.org14.10 1 hr WEB-BASED APPLICATIONS ANDE-MARKETPLACE• Understanding of Application Service Providers (ASP)• Advantage and disadvantage of using an ASP• Overview of a e-Marketplace, Organisation• ARIBA, Commerce-One, etcwww.boleroltd.comwww.ariba.org14.11 1 hr SECURITY • Understanding of Security• Security policy of the company/organisation• Issues relating to security of data, message transmission• Virus and their propagation• Existing virus protection programmes• Virus protection for users14.12 1 hr ELECTRONIC FUND TRANSFER ANDE-PAYMENTS• Overview of Electronic Fund Transfer (EFT)• What is EFT ? Benefits of using EFT• Legal and Security Issues• Best practice in using EFT• In house policy relating to EFT53