Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in Land in developing countries

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40LAOS LAOS LAOS LAOS LAOS LAOS LAOS LAOS LAOS LAOS LAOSCOUNTRY PROFILELAOS LAOS LAOS LAOS LAOS LAOS LAOS LAOS LAOS LAOS LAOS LAOS LAOS LAOSRubber plantation in Luang Namtha Jatropha concession Jatropha concession Jatropha concession4.4. Country Profile – Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR)Lao PDR is a small, landlocked country in Southeast Asia, bordered by Myanmar and China to thenorthwest, Vietnam to the east, Cambodia to the south and Thailand to the west with a total area of236,800 km 2 . The forested landscape consists mostly of rugged mountains with some plains andplateaus. The Mekong River forms a large part of the western boundary with Thailand, whereas themountains of the Annamite Chain form most of the eastern border with Vietnam.Table 7 provides an overview of the country profile regarding:• Economy, agriculture, food security, poverty and environment• Overall investment climate• Legal framework• Pattern of FDI in land
41Table 7: Country profile - LaosOverall domestic background: Economy, Agriculture, Food security, Poverty and Environment(1) Economic situationGDP per capita, 2008, US$ (a) 858Official Development aid (ODA),2007, US$ million (b) 396ODA in agriculture, forestry and fishery (b)Commitments 2007, US$ millionDisbursements 2007, US$ millionShare of population below poverty line (2 US$ per day, average 2000-2006) (c) 76.8%(2) Relevance of agricultureShare in GDP (2007) (d) 42%Share of agriculture employment (e) 75% (2006)(3) Food securityGlobal Hunger Index (GHI), 2008 (f) 20.6GHI-Ranking (out of 88 countries), 2008 (f) 57Share of undernourished population (f) 19%Food aid, 2008, ‘000 t, cereals in grain equivalent (g) 16.8As country in crisis according to FAO (2009) (h)NoValue of food import minus export, 2006, US$ million (i) -163(4) Environment/ BiodiversityProtected area, % of total area 2003 (k) 18,8%Forestry area, % of total area 2005 (l) 69,9%Deforestation rate (annual change in forest covered area, within 2000-05) (i) -0,5%Fire cultivationNo dataOverall investment climate(1) Climate for FDI (m)Ease of doing business (rank of 181 countries) 165Protecting investors (rank of 181 countries) 180Enforcing contracts (rank of 181 countries) 111(2) Corruption (n)CPI ranking (rank of 181 countries), 2008 (2007) 151 (168)(3) Share of FDI in agriculture in % of all FDI average (o)US State Department Climate Statements 2009 (o) 31% Average Jan 2000 - Sep 2008World Investment Report 2009 2005 – 2007 (p) 12% Average 2005-2007Legal Frame(1) Multi- and bilateral frame (q)WTO rules applicable?not, not memberBITs in force with major FDI in land investor countriesAll investors included(2) Domestic frame (q)Major legal basis4936Law on the Promotion of ForeignInvestments from 2004
Page 2 and 3: ImprintPublished by:Deutsche Gesell
Page 4 and 5: 4Acknowledgement:List of figures an
Page 6: 6PrefaceLand acquisitions by foreig
Page 9 and 10: 9Definition of FDI in landFDI in la
Page 11 and 12: 11The third restriction concentrate
Page 13 and 14: 13• Climate change (due to weathe
Page 15 and 16: 15they usually set up investment co
Page 17 and 18: 17• The access to logistic infras
Page 19 and 20: 19In the context of land use rights
Page 21 and 22: 21developing countries as well as t
Page 23 and 24: 23However, such lands are often imp
Page 26 and 27: 26scale, with 0 being the best scor
Page 28 and 29: 28MADAGASCAR MADAGASCAR MADAGASCAR
Page 30 and 31: 30Table 3: Country profile Madagasc
Page 32 and 33: 32Table 4: Demand for FDI in Madaga
Page 34 and 35: 34MALI MALI MALI MALI MALI MALI MAL
Page 36 and 37: 36Table 5: Country profile Republic
Page 38 and 39: 38market, the other example present
Page 42 and 43: 42Table 7: Country profile LaosPatt
Page 44 and 45: 44The screening of the submitted pr
Page 46 and 47: 46COOPERATIONS DRIVING FACTORS WEAK
Page 48 and 49: 48Table 10: Country profile Cambodi
Page 50 and 51: 50To acquire land use rights, forei
Page 52 and 53: 525. Conclusions and recommendation
Page 54 and 55: 54distribution of land and on event
Page 56 and 57: 56Regarding the principles of inter
Page 58 and 59: 58ReferencesAlexandratos, N. (2009)
Page 60 and 61: 60Gopinath, M., Pick, D., and Vasav
Page 62 and 63: 62U.S. Department of State (2009e):
Page 64 and 65: 64GlossaryAgro-fuelsAgro-fuels are
Page 66 and 67: 66Reported FDI in land (2000-2009)
Page 76: Deutsche Gesellschaft fürTechnisch

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