ILOG OPL Development Studio Language Reference Manual

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Constraints on groups of interval variablesThe main purpose of a group constraint is to encapsulate a group of interval variables intoone effective higher level interval.Three “interval grouping” constraints are available: span, alternative, and synchronize.Span constraint: The constraint span(a, {b 1 , .., b n }) states that the interval a spans over allpresent intervals from the set {b 1 , .., b n }. That is, interval a starts together with the first presentinterval from {b 1 , .., b n } and ends together with the last one.Alternative constraint:The constraint alternative(a, {b 1 , .., b n }) models an exclusivealternative between {b 1 , .., b n }. If interval a is present then exactly one of intervals {b 1 , ..,b n } is present and a starts and ends together with this chosen one.Synchronize constraint:The constraint synchronize(a, {b 1 , .., b n }) makes intervals b 1 . . . b nstart and end together with interval a (if a is present).Note that the alternative, span, and synchronize constraints cannot be used in meta-constraints.For syntax and examples, see the functions as described in the OPL Language Quick Reference.♦alternative♦span♦synchronize154I L O G O P L D E V E L O P M E N T S T U D I O L A N G U A G ER E F E R E N C E M A N U A L
A logical constraint between interval variables: presenceOfThe presence constraint states a certain interval must be present in the solution.The semantics of the presence constraint on a fixed interval is simply: presenceOf( ) x( ).The truth value of this constraint can be used in arithmetical expressions, and thereby restrictedby logical constraints.This constraint can be used in meta-constraints to indicate, for example, that there may betwo optional intervals a and b; if interval a is present then b must be present as well. This ismodelled by the constraint presenceOf(a) presenceOf(b).OPL formulationThe constraint to express that the interval variable must be present:presenceOf(a);where:dvar interval a;For an example of the presenceOf constraint see presenceOf in the OPL Language QuickReference.I L O G O P L D E V E L O P M E N T S T U D I O L A N G U A G ER E F E R E N C E M A N U A L155
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CopyrightCOPYRIGHT NOTICECopyright
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C O N T E N T STable of contentsLan
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Language Reference ManualThis manua
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OPL, the modeling languagePresents
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ModelsDescribes the overall structu
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}ctMaxTotal:Gas + Chloride
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Data typesDescribes basic data type
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Basic data typesDescribes integers,
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FloatsShows how to declare floats i
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Data structuresDescribes how the ba
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The range float declarationA range
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{Edge} Edges = {, , };int a[Edges]
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TuplesData structures in OPL can al
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In Declaring a tuple using a set of
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SetsDefinitionSets are non-indexed
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Sorted and ordered setsBy default,
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The data shows that the team includ
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Data sourcesDescribes data and data
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Data initializationDefines internal
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{Ship} shipData = ...;and assume th
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* .dat file */a = #[“Monday”: 1
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}}the same can be expressed with th
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Initializing tuplesYou initialize t
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Initializing setsYou can initialize
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As generic setsOPL supports generic
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Initialization and memory allocatio
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Database initializationDescribes ho
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Supported databasesSupported databa
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Reading from a databaseIn OPL, data
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DBconnection db("oracle9", connecti
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Note: OPL supports the same element
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Spreadsheet Input/OutputDescribes h
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Connection to a spreadsheetThe spre
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♦Sets of tuples: The data has to
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Data consistencyDefines the purpose
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Data membership consistencyThe keyw
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AssertionsOPL provides assertions t
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execute{writeln(s2);s1.add(3);write
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Decision typesVariables in an OPL a
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tuple Route {City orig;City dest;}{
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Dynamic collection of elements into
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The all syntaxThen, the all syntax
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Appending arraysYou can also concat
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ExpressionsDescribes data and decis
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Data and decision variable identifi
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(condition)?thenExpr : elseExprwher
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Piecewise-linear functionsPiecewise
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eakpoint[k-1] < ship[o][d] 0; 0}(1,
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Figure The discontinuous piecewise
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x == y;signx == piecewise{0->0; 2->
Page 103 and 104: Functions over setsFunction Descrip
Page 105 and 106: ConstraintsSpecifies the constraint
Page 107 and 108: Using constraintsExplains how to ap
Page 109 and 110: Conditional constraintsIf-then-else
Page 111 and 112: Constraint labelsExplains why label
Page 113 and 114: Labeling constraintsTo label a cons
Page 115 and 116: subject to {forall( p in Products ,
Page 117 and 118: Limitations to constraint labelingN
Page 119 and 120: Compatibility between constraint na
Page 121 and 122: Types of constraintsDescribes const
Page 123 and 124: Discrete constraintsDiscrete constr
Page 125 and 126: Implicit constraintsImplicit constr
Page 127 and 128: Symbol=>!===MeaningImplyDifferent f
Page 129 and 130: Constraints available in constraint
Page 131 and 132: ♦Interval grouping constraint: al
Page 133 and 134: Formal parametersDescribes basic fo
Page 135 and 136: {forall(i in 1..8)forall(j in 1..8:
Page 137 and 138: Tuples of parametersOPL allows tupl
Page 139 and 140: int array[i in set1] = ((sum(j in s
Page 141 and 142: SchedulingDescribes how to model sc
Page 143 and 144: IntroductionILOG OPL Development St
Page 145 and 146: Piecewise linear and stepwise funct
Page 147 and 148: I L O G O P L D E V E L O P M E N T
Page 149 and 150: e equal to 1. For a fixed interval
Page 151 and 152: ExamplesFor examples of using inter
Page 153: Precedence constraints between inte
Page 157 and 158: Important:The piecewise linear func
Page 159 and 160: ♦prev(p, a, b) states that if bot
Page 161 and 162: Cumulative functionsIn scheduling p
Page 163 and 164: Constraints on cumul function expre
Page 165 and 166: Syntax and examplesFor the syntax a
Page 167 and 168: ♦That everywhere over a given fix
Page 169 and 170: in state s. If algn e is true, it m
Page 171 and 172: NotationsThe main notations used th
Page 173 and 174: ILOG Script for OPLDescribes the st
Page 175 and 176: Language structurePresents the stru
Page 177 and 178: SyntaxWhat composes a scripting sta
Page 179 and 180: Compound statementsA compound state
Page 181 and 182: IdentifiersIdentifiers are used to
Page 183 and 184: Expressions in ILOG ScriptExpressio
Page 185 and 186: LiteralsLiterals can represent the
Page 187 and 188: Syntax of different types of expres
Page 189 and 190: Property accessThere are two ways o
Page 191 and 192: Function callsSyntactic shorthandSy
Page 193 and 194: Special operatorsSpecial operator s
Page 195 and 196: Other operatorsOther operators are
Page 197 and 198: StatementsA statement can be a cond
Page 199 and 200: SyntaxEffectfor (var i=0; i < a.len
Page 201 and 202: Outside a function definitionAt the
Page 203 and 204: Default valuesDefault value syntaxS
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Built-in values and functionsPresen
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NumbersNumber representations and f
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IntroductionNumbers can be expresse
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Hexadecimal numbersA hexadecimal nu
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Special numbersThere are three spec
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Number methodsThere is only one num
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Numeric constantsThe following nume
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Syntax~ xx > yx >>> yEffectBitwise
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ILOG Script stringsString represent
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Examples of string literals using e
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String propertiesThere is a single,
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Syntaxstring.toUpperCase()EffectExa
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String operatorsString operatorsSyn
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ILOG Script BooleansBoolean represe
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Automatic conversion to BooleanWhen
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Logical operatorsThe following Bool
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ILOG Script arraysArray representat
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Array constructorThe array construc
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Array methodsArray methodsSyntaxarr
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ObjectsObject representation and fu
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Defining methodsSince a method is r
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Object constructorObject constructo
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Built-in methodsThere is only one o
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DatesDate representation and functi
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Date constructorThe date constructo
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Date methodsDate methodsSyntaxdate.
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Date functionsDate functionsSyntaxD
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The null valueThe null value is a s
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ILOG Script functionsIn ILOG Script
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I N D E XIndexABabs, OPL function 9
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limitations in tuples 29ranges 22se
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GHIgeneric sets 51, 137groundbreakp
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NOfor the null value 259for the und
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sparsityand multidimensional arrays
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ILOG OPL Development Studio Language Reference Manual

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