ILOG OPL Development Studio Language Reference Manual

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Connection to a databaseIn OPL, database operations all refer to a database connection. Here are two examples fromthe oilDB example for declaring connections. See Supported databases for more connectionstrings.DBConnection db("odbc","oilDB/user/passwd");andDBConnection db("access","oilDB.mdb");The first example uses the ODBC data source oilDB declared by the system to connect tothe database.The connection db should be viewed as a handle on the database.Note:1. The user and passwd parameters are optional: you can connect to oilDB//without a user name and password.2. It is possible to connect to several databases within the same model.58I L O G O P L D E V E L O P M E N T S T U D I O L A N G U A G ER E F E R E N C E M A N U A L
Reading from a databaseIn OPL, database relations can be read into sets or arrays. For instance, these instructionsfrom the model file:tuple gasType {string name;float demand;float price;float octane;float lead;}tuple oilType {string name;float capacity;float price;float octane;float lead;}And these instructions from the data file:GasData from DBRead(db,"SELECT * FROM GasData");OilData from DBRead(db,"SELECT * FROM OilData");Together illustrate how to initialize a set of tuples from the relation OilData in the databasedb. In this example, the DBRead instruction inserts an element into the set for each tuple ofthe relations.Important conventions adopted by OPL:1. If read into a set, the resulting set must be a set of integers, floats, or strings, or a set oftuples whose elements are integers, floats, or strings.2. If read into an array, the resulting array must be an array of integers, floats, or strings, oran array of tuples whose elements are integers, floats, or strings.3. In the case of tuples, the columns of the SQL query result are mapped by position to thefield of the OPL tuples. For instance, in the above query, the column name has beenmapped to the field name and so on.4. When initializing an array with a DBRead statement, the indexing set and array cells areinitialized at the same time.Note: OPL does not parse the query; it simply sends the string to the database system thathas full responsibility for handling it. As a consequence, the syntax and the semanticsI L O G O P L D E V E L O P M E N T S T U D I O L A N G U A G ER E F E R E N C E M A N U A L59
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CopyrightCOPYRIGHT NOTICECopyright
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C O N T E N T STable of contentsLan
Page 7 and 8: Language Reference ManualThis manua
Page 9 and 10: OPL, the modeling languagePresents
Page 11 and 12: ModelsDescribes the overall structu
Page 13 and 14: }ctMaxTotal:Gas + Chloride
Page 15 and 16: Data typesDescribes basic data type
Page 17 and 18: Basic data typesDescribes integers,
Page 19 and 20: FloatsShows how to declare floats i
Page 21 and 22: Data structuresDescribes how the ba
Page 23 and 24: The range float declarationA range
Page 25 and 26: {Edge} Edges = {, , };int a[Edges]
Page 27 and 28: TuplesData structures in OPL can al
Page 29 and 30: In Declaring a tuple using a set of
Page 31 and 32: SetsDefinitionSets are non-indexed
Page 33 and 34: Sorted and ordered setsBy default,
Page 35 and 36: The data shows that the team includ
Page 37 and 38: Data sourcesDescribes data and data
Page 39 and 40: Data initializationDefines internal
Page 41 and 42: {Ship} shipData = ...;and assume th
Page 43 and 44: * .dat file */a = #[“Monday”: 1
Page 45 and 46: }}the same can be expressed with th
Page 47 and 48: Initializing tuplesYou initialize t
Page 49 and 50: Initializing setsYou can initialize
Page 51 and 52: As generic setsOPL supports generic
Page 53 and 54: Initialization and memory allocatio
Page 55 and 56: Database initializationDescribes ho
Page 57: Supported databasesSupported databa
Page 61 and 62: DBconnection db("oracle9", connecti
Page 63 and 64: Note: OPL supports the same element
Page 65 and 66: Spreadsheet Input/OutputDescribes h
Page 67 and 68: Connection to a spreadsheetThe spre
Page 69 and 70: ♦Sets of tuples: The data has to
Page 71 and 72: Data consistencyDefines the purpose
Page 73 and 74: Data membership consistencyThe keyw
Page 75 and 76: AssertionsOPL provides assertions t
Page 77 and 78: execute{writeln(s2);s1.add(3);write
Page 79 and 80: Decision typesVariables in an OPL a
Page 81 and 82: tuple Route {City orig;City dest;}{
Page 83 and 84: Dynamic collection of elements into
Page 85 and 86: The all syntaxThen, the all syntax
Page 87 and 88: Appending arraysYou can also concat
Page 89 and 90: ExpressionsDescribes data and decis
Page 91 and 92: Data and decision variable identifi
Page 93 and 94: (condition)?thenExpr : elseExprwher
Page 95 and 96: Piecewise-linear functionsPiecewise
Page 97 and 98: eakpoint[k-1] < ship[o][d] 0; 0}(1,
Page 99 and 100: Figure The discontinuous piecewise
Page 101 and 102: x == y;signx == piecewise{0->0; 2->
Page 103 and 104: Functions over setsFunction Descrip
Page 105 and 106: ConstraintsSpecifies the constraint
Page 107 and 108: Using constraintsExplains how to ap
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Conditional constraintsIf-then-else
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Constraint labelsExplains why label
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Labeling constraintsTo label a cons
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subject to {forall( p in Products ,
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Limitations to constraint labelingN
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Compatibility between constraint na
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Types of constraintsDescribes const
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Discrete constraintsDiscrete constr
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Implicit constraintsImplicit constr
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Symbol=>!===MeaningImplyDifferent f
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Constraints available in constraint
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♦Interval grouping constraint: al
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Formal parametersDescribes basic fo
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{forall(i in 1..8)forall(j in 1..8:
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Tuples of parametersOPL allows tupl
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int array[i in set1] = ((sum(j in s
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SchedulingDescribes how to model sc
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IntroductionILOG OPL Development St
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Piecewise linear and stepwise funct
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I L O G O P L D E V E L O P M E N T
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e equal to 1. For a fixed interval
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ExamplesFor examples of using inter
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Precedence constraints between inte
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A logical constraint between interv
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Important:The piecewise linear func
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♦prev(p, a, b) states that if bot
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Cumulative functionsIn scheduling p
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Constraints on cumul function expre
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Syntax and examplesFor the syntax a
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♦That everywhere over a given fix
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in state s. If algn e is true, it m
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NotationsThe main notations used th
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ILOG Script for OPLDescribes the st
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Language structurePresents the stru
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SyntaxWhat composes a scripting sta
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Compound statementsA compound state
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IdentifiersIdentifiers are used to
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Expressions in ILOG ScriptExpressio
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LiteralsLiterals can represent the
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Syntax of different types of expres
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Property accessThere are two ways o
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Function callsSyntactic shorthandSy
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Special operatorsSpecial operator s
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Other operatorsOther operators are
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StatementsA statement can be a cond
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SyntaxEffectfor (var i=0; i < a.len
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Outside a function definitionAt the
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Default valuesDefault value syntaxS
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Built-in values and functionsPresen
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NumbersNumber representations and f
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IntroductionNumbers can be expresse
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Hexadecimal numbersA hexadecimal nu
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Special numbersThere are three spec
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Number methodsThere is only one num
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Numeric constantsThe following nume
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Syntax~ xx > yx >>> yEffectBitwise
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ILOG Script stringsString represent
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Examples of string literals using e
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String propertiesThere is a single,
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Syntaxstring.toUpperCase()EffectExa
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String operatorsString operatorsSyn
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ILOG Script BooleansBoolean represe
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Automatic conversion to BooleanWhen
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Logical operatorsThe following Bool
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ILOG Script arraysArray representat
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Array constructorThe array construc
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Array methodsArray methodsSyntaxarr
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ObjectsObject representation and fu
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Defining methodsSince a method is r
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Object constructorObject constructo
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Built-in methodsThere is only one o
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DatesDate representation and functi
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Date constructorThe date constructo
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Date methodsDate methodsSyntaxdate.
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Date functionsDate functionsSyntaxD
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The null valueThe null value is a s
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ILOG Script functionsIn ILOG Script
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I N D E XIndexABabs, OPL function 9
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limitations in tuples 29ranges 22se
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GHIgeneric sets 51, 137groundbreakp
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NOfor the null value 259for the und
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sparsityand multidimensional arrays
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