Radiographic findings in several joints of nine bears

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ADDITIONAL ASSESSMENT Breeding interest Gender Able to reproduce Hinder the arrival of new breeder RESULTS yes –5 no +1 important –5 not important +1 yes –5 no +5 yes +5 no 0 Without «radiographic examination» Sum of the four subtotals From 1 to 30 Treatment From 31 to 51 Doubtful Over 51 Euthanasia recommended With «radiographic examination» Sum of the five subtotals From 1 to 45 Treatment From 46 to 66 Doubtful Over 66 Euthanasia recommended 20 Subtotal 5 Score © jföllmi_ZooBasel
Results Symptoms and pathology The symptoms included in group 1 (frequency between 11 and 33%) were shown in 95.7% of the cases (n = 67/70). The animals showing one symptom 20% (n = 14/70), two symptoms 30% (n = 21/70), three symptoms 22.9% (n = 16/70) or four symptoms 11.4% (n = 8/70) represented 84.3%. The animals showing either five symptoms (5.7%, n = 4/70), six symptoms (4.3%, n = 3/70), seven symptoms (2.9%, n = 2/70) or eight symptoms (2.9%, n = 2/70) represented 15.7%. We found significant associations between five symptoms and five pathologies (Table 6). In the following we will focus on the results of the five most frequently observed symptoms. Table 6 Observed symptoms significantly associated with pathologic findings in this sample. Symptoms Pathologies (p-value) vomiting neoplasia P = 0.02 apathy neoplasia P = 0.007 anorexia neoplasia P = 0.01 lameness arthrosis P < 0.000001 pain when standing up spondyloarthropathy P = 0.009 Vomiting In this sample vomiting was observed in bears, in felids and in one tapir (T. terrestris). This symptom was significantly associated with neoplasia (P = 0.02; OR = 6.2): 29.4% of all animals with neoplasia (n = 5/17) but only 6.3% of all animals (n = 3/48) without tumors vomited. Anorexia In this sample anorexia was observed in all species and was a consistent findings in bears and felids (72.2%). This symptom was significantly associated with neoplasia (P = 0.01; OR = 4.3): 52.9% of all animals (n = 9/17) with neoplasia but 20.8% of all animals (n = 10/48) without neoplasia showed anorexia. Apathy In this sample apathy was mainly observed in bears and felids (87.5%, n = 8/9) and was significantly associated with neoplasia (P = 0.007; OR = 8.2): 35.3% of all animals (n = 6/17) with neoplasia but only 6.3% of all animals (n = 3/48) without neoplasia showed apathy. Lameness In this sample lameness was the symptom with the highest observed frequency and was recorded in all species. It was found in 37.1% of all studied animals (n = 26/70). Lameness was significantly associated with dysfunction of the musculoskeletal system (P < 0.000001; OR = 27.8) and arthrosis (P < 0.000001): 75% of all animals (n = 18/24) with dysfunction of the musculoskeletal system but only 9.8% of all animals (n = 4/41) without dysfunction of the musculoskeletal system showed lameness; 100% of all animals (n = 14/14) with arthrosis but 15.7% of all animals (n = 8/51) without arthrosis showed lameness. Pain when standing up In this sample we found a significant association between pain when standing up and spondylosis / spondylarthrosis (P = 0.009; OR = 8.9): 62.5% of all animals (n = 5/8) with spondylosis / spondylarthrosis but only 15.8% of all animals (n = 9/57) without spondylosis showed pain when standing up. 21
Page 1: Institut für Genetik, Ernährung u
Page 5: Table of contents Summary 7 I. A sc
Page 9: Part I A scoring system to evaluate
Page 12 and 13: Mots-clé: euthanasie, gériatrie,
Page 14 and 15: Retrospective and prospective cases
Page 16 and 17: Familiae Neoplasia (n = 17) Dysfunc
Page 18 and 19: Scoring system to evaluate physical
Page 22 and 23: Age and pathology Animals with neop
Page 24 and 25: efficacy and disappearance of sympt
Page 26 and 27: we cannot justify euthanasia in all
Page 28 and 29: Nimmervoll H, Eggenberger U and Rob
Page 30 and 31: Pathologies of the group “Dysfunc
Page 33: Part II Radiographic findings in se
Page 36 and 37: dans la plupart des articulations.
Page 38 and 39: Table 2. Radiological examination o
Page 40 and 41: Discussion In the literature skelet
Page 42 and 43: 5. Colman RJ, Binkley N. Skeletal a
Page 44 and 45: Figure 3. Brown bear, 23 year-old,
Page 47: III Remerciements J’aimerais reme

Radiographic findings in several joints of nine bears

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