X HIV/AIDS Prevention and Care in Resource-Constrained Settings

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INTRODUCTIONTO THE HANDBOOKThe Handbook is intended to provide a comprehensivesource of information on the design and managementof HIV/AIDS prevention and care programsin resource-constrained settings. It is designed to helpin the strategic planning, technical and programmaticdesign of interventions, management of public healthprograms and resource allocation, and budgeting andfinancial management.The Handbook emphasizes cross-cutting issuessuch as gender, human rights, capacity building, sustainabilityand community involvement in the designand implementation of interventions.The Handbook’s intended audience includes:■Program managers, and technical and programmaticfield staff.■ Staff of donor and international partner agencies.■ Health care providers.■ Field researchers.The Handbook chapters are grouped into sevensections:I: Design and Management of HIV/AIDS ProgramsII: Reducing Risk and Vulnerability to HIVInfectionIII: Strengthening STD Management and ServicesIV: Reducing Risk of HIV Infection to InfantsV: Reducing Risk of Parenteral TransmissionVI: Management and Support of People Infected andAffected by HIV/AIDSVII: Prospects for the FutureEach chapter addresses state-of-the-art knowledgeon its topic, relevant strategies and approaches, keylessons learned in resource-constrained settings,selected case studies illustrating successful approachesto HIV/AIDS prevention and care in different environments,and offers suggested further reading on thesubject.The editors and authors hope the Handbook willlead to the improved allocation of funds and enhancedknowledge and skill in the management of interventionsand control of the HIV/AIDS epidemic.REFERENCES1. Monitoring the AIDS Pandemic (MAP): AIDSCAPand Francoise Xavier Bagnaud Centre for Health andHuman Rights of the Harvard School of PublicHealth. Status and Trends of the HIV/AIDS/STDEpidemics in Asia and the Pacific. Fourth InternationalConference on AIDS, Manila, Philippines, October25-29, 1997.2. Stover J, Bollinger L. The Economic impact of AIDS(23 country studies). Glastonbury, CT: The FuturesGroup International, 1999.3. Barnett T, Whiteside A. AIDS: The First Epidemic ofGlobalisation, draft manuscript 2001.4. Simon J, Rosen S, Whiteside A, et al. The Response ofAfrican Business to HIV/AIDS, HIV/AIDS in theCommonwealth 2000/01. Kensington Press for theCommonwealth Secretariat, June 2000.5. World Bank. Confronting AIDS: Public Priorities in aGlobal Epidemic, Washington, D.C.: OxfordUniversity Press, 1997.HIV/AIDS Prevention and Care in Resource-Constrained Settings XXV
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSWe wish to express our gratitude and appreciationto the authors, reviewers and section editors who,despite their extremely busy schedules, put forth animpressive effort in the development and success of thisHandbook. The development of this Handbook was along process and the continued patience and contributionsof all involved are much appreciated.We would like to thank several particular currentand past members of the Family Health Internationalstaff for their assistance in various capacities. A specialthanks to Catharine Farrington who wove together thework of different authors on various subjects into cohesivetext. Kristen Ruckstuhl and Madaline Feinbergplayed important roles behind the scenes as coordinatorsof the entire process. They ensured that authors,reviewers and section editors carried out their commitments,and provided valuable update communicationsthroughout the life of the project. Thanks for the earlyadministrative support from Kelly Matthews and, later,from Lembe Tayilo. Mary O’Grady and KathleenHenry provided important editorial and managementsupport throughout much of the project and werealways available for meetings and brainstorming.Thank you to Dorothy “Duffy” Miller for her excellentcopy-editing. Thank you to John-Manuel Andriote,who coordinated the editorial, design, production andprinting processes. And thank you to Dever Designs,Inc., for their good work in transforming text andfigures into the book you now see. The design team ofChris Komisar and Joan Stevenson has worked wonders.At the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,Drs. Eve Lackritz, Tim Mastro, Lynn Paxton andNathan Shaffer provided valuable technical advice,while Lynne Stockton and Carol McCurley providedmuch appreciated editorial and technical input.SECTION EDITORSSpecial thanks to the following individuals for overseeingthe editing of the book’s seven sections. Some ofthem are also chapter authors. Contact information islisted in the next section.Section 1Gail Goodridge, MSSection 2Peter Lamptey, MD, DrPHDonna Flanagan, MSW, MASection 3Gina Dallabetta, MDMarie Laga, MDSection 4Claudes Kamenga, MD, MSPHSection 5Sheila Mitchell, MBAAlex Wodak, MDSection 6Joan MacNeil, PhDSection 7Ward Cates, MD, MPHXXVI HIV/AIDS Prevention and Care in Resource-Constrained Settings
Page 1 and 2: Edited byPeter R. Lamptey, MD, DrPH
Page 3 and 4: © 2001 Family Health International
Page 5 and 6: SECTION II:Chapter 6PAGE 137Chapter
Page 7 and 8: Chapter 21PAGE 501Chapter 22PAGE 51
Page 9 and 10: I N T R O D U C T I O NPAUL R. DE L
Page 11 and 12: F igure 1Factors That InfluenceThe
Page 13 and 14: F igure 3HIV Seroprevalence for Pre
Page 15 and 16: F igure 5HIV Seroprevalence for Com
Page 17 and 18: F igure 7HIV Seroprevalence for Pre
Page 19 and 20: F igure 9Life Expectancy With and W
Page 21 and 22: F igure 11Population of Zimbabwe,Wi
Page 23 and 24: invest; and feedback further amplif
Page 25 and 26: R EDUCING MOTHER-TO-CHILDTRANSMISSI
Page 27: F igure 13HIV Seroprevalence in Adu
Page 32 and 33: SOFIA GRUSKIN, JD, MIAAssistant Pro
Page 34 and 35: THOMAS M. PAINTER, PHDBehavioral Sc
Page 36 and 37: glossary of A C R O N Y M SACTG AID

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