INTRODUCTIONTO THE HANDBOOKThe H<strong>and</strong>book is <strong>in</strong>tended to provide a comprehensivesource of <strong>in</strong>formation on the design <strong>and</strong> managementof <strong>HIV</strong>/<strong>AIDS</strong> prevention <strong>and</strong> care programs<strong>in</strong> resource-constra<strong>in</strong>ed sett<strong>in</strong>gs. It is designed to help<strong>in</strong> the strategic plann<strong>in</strong>g, technical <strong>and</strong> programmaticdesign of <strong>in</strong>terventions, management of public healthprograms <strong>and</strong> resource allocation, <strong>and</strong> budget<strong>in</strong>g <strong>and</strong>f<strong>in</strong>ancial management.The H<strong>and</strong>book emphasizes cross-cutt<strong>in</strong>g issuessuch as gender, human rights, capacity build<strong>in</strong>g, susta<strong>in</strong>ability<strong>and</strong> community <strong>in</strong>volvement <strong>in</strong> the design<strong>and</strong> implementation of <strong>in</strong>terventions.The H<strong>and</strong>book’s <strong>in</strong>tended audience <strong>in</strong>cludes:■Program managers, <strong>and</strong> technical <strong>and</strong> programmaticfield staff.■ Staff of donor <strong>and</strong> <strong>in</strong>ternational partner agencies.■ Health care providers.■ Field researchers.The H<strong>and</strong>book chapters are grouped <strong>in</strong>to sevensections:I: Design <strong>and</strong> Management of <strong>HIV</strong>/<strong>AIDS</strong> ProgramsII: Reduc<strong>in</strong>g Risk <strong>and</strong> Vulnerability to <strong>HIV</strong>InfectionIII: Strengthen<strong>in</strong>g STD Management <strong>and</strong> ServicesIV: Reduc<strong>in</strong>g Risk of <strong>HIV</strong> Infection to InfantsV: Reduc<strong>in</strong>g Risk of Parenteral TransmissionVI: Management <strong>and</strong> Support of People Infected <strong>and</strong>Affected by <strong>HIV</strong>/<strong>AIDS</strong>VII: Prospects for the FutureEach chapter addresses state-of-the-art knowledgeon its topic, relevant strategies <strong>and</strong> approaches, keylessons learned <strong>in</strong> resource-constra<strong>in</strong>ed sett<strong>in</strong>gs,selected case studies illustrat<strong>in</strong>g successful approachesto <strong>HIV</strong>/<strong>AIDS</strong> prevention <strong>and</strong> care <strong>in</strong> different environments,<strong>and</strong> offers suggested further read<strong>in</strong>g on thesubject.The editors <strong>and</strong> authors hope the H<strong>and</strong>book willlead to the improved allocation of funds <strong>and</strong> enhancedknowledge <strong>and</strong> skill <strong>in</strong> the management of <strong>in</strong>terventions<strong>and</strong> control of the <strong>HIV</strong>/<strong>AIDS</strong> epidemic.REFERENCES1. Monitor<strong>in</strong>g the <strong>AIDS</strong> P<strong>and</strong>emic (MAP): <strong>AIDS</strong>CAP<strong>and</strong> Francoise Xavier Bagnaud Centre for Health <strong>and</strong>Human Rights of the Harvard School of PublicHealth. Status <strong>and</strong> Trends of the <strong>HIV</strong>/<strong>AIDS</strong>/STDEpidemics <strong>in</strong> Asia <strong>and</strong> the Pacific. Fourth InternationalConference on <strong>AIDS</strong>, Manila, Philipp<strong>in</strong>es, October25-29, 1997.2. Stover J, Boll<strong>in</strong>ger L. The Economic impact of <strong>AIDS</strong>(23 country studies). Glastonbury, CT: The FuturesGroup International, 1999.3. Barnett T, Whiteside A. <strong>AIDS</strong>: The First Epidemic ofGlobalisation, draft manuscript 2001.4. Simon J, Rosen S, Whiteside A, et al. The Response ofAfrican Bus<strong>in</strong>ess to <strong>HIV</strong>/<strong>AIDS</strong>, <strong>HIV</strong>/<strong>AIDS</strong> <strong>in</strong> theCommonwealth 2000/01. Kens<strong>in</strong>gton Press for theCommonwealth Secretariat, June 2000.5. World Bank. Confront<strong>in</strong>g <strong>AIDS</strong>: Public Priorities <strong>in</strong> aGlobal Epidemic, Wash<strong>in</strong>gton, D.C.: OxfordUniversity Press, 1997.<strong>HIV</strong>/<strong>AIDS</strong> <strong>Prevention</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Care</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>Resource</strong>-Constra<strong>in</strong>ed Sett<strong>in</strong>gs XXV
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSWe wish to express our gratitude <strong>and</strong> appreciationto the authors, reviewers <strong>and</strong> section editors who,despite their extremely busy schedules, put forth animpressive effort <strong>in</strong> the development <strong>and</strong> success of thisH<strong>and</strong>book. The development of this H<strong>and</strong>book was along process <strong>and</strong> the cont<strong>in</strong>ued patience <strong>and</strong> contributionsof all <strong>in</strong>volved are much appreciated.We would like to thank several particular current<strong>and</strong> past members of the Family Health Internationalstaff for their assistance <strong>in</strong> various capacities. A specialthanks to Cathar<strong>in</strong>e Farr<strong>in</strong>gton who wove together thework of different authors on various subjects <strong>in</strong>to cohesivetext. Kristen Ruckstuhl <strong>and</strong> Madal<strong>in</strong>e Fe<strong>in</strong>bergplayed important roles beh<strong>in</strong>d the scenes as coord<strong>in</strong>atorsof the entire process. They ensured that authors,reviewers <strong>and</strong> section editors carried out their commitments,<strong>and</strong> provided valuable update communicationsthroughout the life of the project. Thanks for the earlyadm<strong>in</strong>istrative support from Kelly Matthews <strong>and</strong>, later,from Lembe Tayilo. Mary O’Grady <strong>and</strong> KathleenHenry provided important editorial <strong>and</strong> managementsupport throughout much of the project <strong>and</strong> werealways available for meet<strong>in</strong>gs <strong>and</strong> bra<strong>in</strong>storm<strong>in</strong>g.Thank you to Dorothy “Duffy” Miller for her excellentcopy-edit<strong>in</strong>g. Thank you to John-Manuel Andriote,who coord<strong>in</strong>ated the editorial, design, production <strong>and</strong>pr<strong>in</strong>t<strong>in</strong>g processes. And thank you to Dever Designs,Inc., for their good work <strong>in</strong> transform<strong>in</strong>g text <strong>and</strong>figures <strong>in</strong>to the book you now see. The design team ofChris Komisar <strong>and</strong> Joan Stevenson has worked wonders.At the Centers for Disease Control <strong>and</strong> <strong>Prevention</strong>,Drs. Eve Lackritz, Tim Mastro, Lynn Paxton <strong>and</strong>Nathan Shaffer provided valuable technical advice,while Lynne Stockton <strong>and</strong> Carol McCurley providedmuch appreciated editorial <strong>and</strong> technical <strong>in</strong>put.SECTION EDITORSSpecial thanks to the follow<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>dividuals for oversee<strong>in</strong>gthe edit<strong>in</strong>g of the book’s seven sections. Some ofthem are also chapter authors. Contact <strong>in</strong>formation islisted <strong>in</strong> the next section.Section 1Gail Goodridge, MSSection 2Peter Lamptey, MD, DrPHDonna Flanagan, MSW, MASection 3G<strong>in</strong>a Dallabetta, MDMarie Laga, MDSection 4Claudes Kamenga, MD, MSPHSection 5Sheila Mitchell, MBAAlex Wodak, MDSection 6Joan MacNeil, PhDSection 7Ward Cates, MD, MPHXXVI <strong>HIV</strong>/<strong>AIDS</strong> <strong>Prevention</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Care</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>Resource</strong>-Constra<strong>in</strong>ed Sett<strong>in</strong>gs