© chrionny / pixelio.deDRIVERS16AbstractSustainability means meeting the basic needs of allpeople and those of future generations. The BlueEconomy concept takes up this idea and expandson it with the premises of avoiding waste, utilizingphysical and biological mechanisms, and usingonly regional resources. Consequently, the BlueEconomy is following the analogy of ecosystems,which create neither waste nor emissions and supplythemselves with local resources only.This article presents four hypotheses about theBlue Economy approach and illustrates what opportunitiesand benefits companies could profitfrom by applying the principles of the Blue Economy.Using a range of examples, it becomes evidentthat the first innovative business models to followthe principles of the Blue Economy are alreadyhaving a lasting effect today.
DRIVERSTHE BLUE ECONOMYInnovations for a New Level of CompetitionThis article aims at demonstrating that sustainability and economic viability neednot conflict with each other. The systematic avoidance or reuse of waste materialsand emissions can give rise to new, innovative, and competitive business models.With the help of numerous examples, we will illustrate this concept.by Axel Uhl and Oliver HanslikInnovation is a prerequisite for the continuedexistence of an affluent societyand its survival in a competitive economicenvironment. 1 Yet in a world inwhich product life cycles are becomingever shorter and innovation increasinglycapital-intensive, new schools ofthought are required. Following this path,the Blue Economy approach promisesa combination of sustainability, innovation,and competitiveness. The basicidea revolves around rediscovering traditionalbusiness models and processesunder the premise of using sustainableresources. Existing principles from thefields of physics and chemistry are combinedin such a way that new businessmodels ensue and, at the same time, asignificant contribution is made to protectingthe environment. 2In the past, many seemingly sustainablebusiness models have amounted tonothing more than simply shifting a problemfrom one place to another (“greenwashing”).One such example is the useof corn as base material for biofuels andbioplastic, which resulted in the price ofcorn increasing, thereby jeopardizing thenutrition of millions of people who rely oncorn as a source of food. Another exampleis the use of palm oil in biodegradablesoap, which involved the decimation ofentire forests and habitats to satisfy thedemand for palm oil. And it was a similarsituation when it became fashionable toeat shiitake mushrooms as a substitutefor animal protein, which led to vast areasof oak trees being felled to enablesufficient numbers of logs to be used asfertile soil for the fungus. 3 These greenwashingstrategies do not contribute tosustainability; frequently, they even leadto serious new problems.According to Gunter Pauli, the founder ofthe Blue Economy concept, if companiessystematically adopted the principles ofthe Blue Economy, genuinely innovativeand sustainable business models couldbe developed and additional jobs created,solving the commonly conflictingaims of sustainability and economic viability.There is no unusable waste innatural ecosystems.In this article, we will examine the followingfour hypotheses:1. Waste materials can be used as a resourcefor new products and services(in a similar way to a natural ecosystem).2. Biological and physical mechanisms,even mathematics, can be used to reduceenergy needs.3. The use of waste materials in the industrialsector gives companies acompetitive edge.4. By using local resources, costs can besaved and long-term jobs created.17