NMS Q&A Family Medicine

SECTION XInfectious Diseases inPrimary Carechapter 30Acquired Infectious Diseasesin Primary CareExamination questions: Unless instructed otherwise, choosethe ONE lettered answer or completion that is BEST ineach case.1 Which of the following ethnic groups has the lowestincidence of new acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS) cases in the United States?(A) Asian and Pacific Islanders(B) African-Americans(C) Latinos(D) Native Americans(E) White Americans2 Which of the following summarizes best in 2010, theapplication of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in treatingAIDS?(A) Treat opportunistic infections (OIs) only untilthe CD4 count falls to 50 cells/mcL or lower;then start ARTs.(B) Treat as soon as the diagnosis is made by highdosage of one class of ARTs to avoid developmentof resistance to several ARTs.(C) Treat with three nucleoside transcriptase inhibitors,ignoring OIs.(D) Treat with three ARTs including at least two differentclasses, while treating OIs as needed.(E) Initiate treatment with one of each of the sixclasses of ARTs followed by treatment of the OIsin detail.3 A 25-year-old homosexual man comes to a familyphysician with a concern as to whether he may haveAIDS. After taking a complete history, the physicianorders a serologic test for the disease, the enzymelinkedimmunosorbent assay (ELISA) screening test.Each of the following may be a criterion for makingthe diagnosis of AIDS, in conjunction with availablelaboratory testing except for which one?(A) A positive human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) test consisting of Western blot antigenantibodytest after a positive ELISA(B) A history of a CD4 T-cell lymphocyte count lessthan 200 cells/ L in an HIV-positive patient(C) Dementia and weight loss to the point ofwasting in a person with positive HIV serology183