NMS Q&A Family Medicine

250 NMS Q&A Family Medicine6 In the foregoing problem what is the calculated specificityof the new test for colorectal cancer (chancesof patients without cancer for testing negative by thenew test)?(A) 63%(B) 88%(C) 90%(D) 36%(E) 100%7 In the problem presented which of the following isthe positive predictive value (PPV) which is thechance of a patient with a positive test having the diseasecolorectal cancer?(A) 63%(B) 88%(C) 99%(D) 36%(E) 0%8 In the problem presented in Question 5, which of thefollowing is the negative predictive value (NPV) ofthe test, that is, the chances of a patient with a negativeresult on the new test, actually not having the disease?(A) 63%(B) 88%(C) 90%(D) 99%(E) 0%9 Which of the following is the descending order of thefive cancer incidences listed in the United States, bothsexes?(A) Lung, prostate, breast, colorectal, invasive cervix(B) Prostate, colorectal, breast, lung, invasive cervix(C) Breast, invasive cervix, prostate, colorectal, lung(D) Invasive cervix, prostate, colorectal, lung, breast(E) Colorectal, lung, breast, invasive cervix, prostate10 Which of the following is the descending order ofcancer mortality in the United States of the five cancerslisted?(A) Lung, prostate, breast, colorectal, invasive cervix(B) Prostate, colorectal, breast, lung, invasive cervix(C) Breast, invasive cervix, prostate, colorectal, lung(D) Lung, Colorectal, breast, prostate, invasivecervix(E) Colorectal, lung, breast, invasive cervix, prostate11 The greatest advantage of a case–control study over aretrospective or prospective cohort study is:(A) It facilitates the calculation of an odds ratio.(B) It facilitates the calculation of a relative risk.(C) It is a prospective study.(D) Bias is generally less of a factor.(E) For rare diseases, it allows study of risk factors,given known cases rather than cases, givensuspected risks.12 Incidence of invasive cervical cancer in the UnitedStates was 14,500/year in 1996 and 13,700/year in1998. Disease-specific mortality in 1998 was 4,900.Each of the following conclusions from the above datamay be drawn except:(A) Overall case mortality rate from invasivecarcinoma of the cervix is about 36%.(B) A significant number of lives are saved bypreventive care in this formerly fatal cancer.(C) Inference of case mortality from the above datarequires assumption of fairly stable incidenceand death rates over time.(D) The incidence of precancerous lesions andcervical cancer in situ may be falling.(E) Incidence of invasive cancer may have fallenbetween 1996 and 1998.13 In a population of 2,000 people 600 are cigarettesmokers. Of these, 120 develop disease X. Of the1,400 non-smokers 140 develop disease X. The relativerisk of disease X for cigarette smoker in thispopulation is:(A) 0.2(B) 0.1(C) 0.857(D) 2.0(E) 3.3314 Which of the following would tend to result in a lowdisease prevalence:(A) High disease incidence(B) Natural history characterized by slowprogression to death(C) Low rate of cure(D) High disease specific mortality(E) Short disease latency period, and longsymptomatic period15 Which of the following is an example of incidence:(A) 11 million Americans have type II diabetes.(B) 10% of Americans have type II diabetes.(C) Invasive cervical cancer strikes 11.6/100,000U.S. females per year.(D) 30 of 100 cases of cervical cancer are fatal.(E) The number of cases of AIDS in the U.S.population now stands at 0.8 to 1.2 million.