metodologija izvoğenja servisa u odbojci sa akcentom na servis iz ...

Vojvodi}, M., & ]ele{, N.: METHODOLOGY OF SERVING IN VOLLEYBALL... Proceedings 2011, 173–182IntroductionUvodPROFESSIONAL PAPERSTRUČNI ČLANAKService is a technical element of volleyball and representsthe beginning kickoff that is performed at the start of the setand after each mistake. It is a technical element whoseperformance begins at the struggle for points, and is deliveredby the player occupying the number one position behindthe baseline. It is one of the most important elements ofvolleyball and therefore requires special attention andplenty of training time at each training session. (Selinger2000). Tomic has recommended that service training shouldbe linked with other elements such as reception, organizingof attacks, organizing of specific roles for players and so on.It is not recommendable to practice service separate fromother elements. Each type of service has its advantages anddisadvantages (Tomic, 1976, p. 146). Service delivery canalso be very stressful, especially during crucial points. That’sbecause all the attention of players, coaches, audience andenvironment are focused on the player delivering the serve.Good service and proper practical implementation oftentend to be the decisive factor in the outcome of the match.In the tactics of serving it is extremely important to choosethe best and most efficient way of serving, and the right timeto apply it as well.According to the manner of delivery we can distinguishseveral types of services including: lower frontal service,overhead (upper) service, frontal jump service and sideservice, while in relation to the rotation of the ball, theservice can be with rotation and without rotation of theball.Today, in world-class volleyball, men’s as well as women’s,services that are exclusively applied are:• wall head-on service from the jump with ball rotation- Spike Service• wall head-on service from the jump without ball rotation- Float Service• upper butt out of service without ball rotation –FloaterWhen it comes to the speed of the ball during the serve,the highest possible speed is accomplished by setter serviceand it is approximately 120 km / h, or about 33 m / s. Duringthe well performed setter service, roughly the speed isabout 100 km / h or 28 m / s. Usually, the speed of the ballduring the service is approximately 15 m / s. It is establishedthat receiving players’ reaction time is 0.3 seconds, and thatduring the service with maximum ball speed, the ball travelsabout 0.5 seconds from the moment it is struck to the timeof receipt. That means that this service is virtually uncatchable.During a well executed service, time travel of the ballis 0.7 seconds. This amount of time enables the receipt ofservice if the ball, in the moment of reception by the receivingplayer, doesn’t require any leg movement (Selinger 2000).During a normal ball speed service, the ball travels for aboutone second. This time is sufficient for the service receiver toposition himself well and to pass the ball to the setter. Ofcourse, this is not always the case, but a good effect can beachieved with this ball speed provided that the receivingplayers are not ready, and the server hits the right spot atthe right time.Service as anelement of the gameServis je tehnički elemenat odbojka{ke igre i predstavljapočetni udarac koji se izvodi na početku seta i poslije svakegre{ke, odnosno tehnički element čijim izvođenjem počinjeborba za poen, a izvodi ga igrač koji se nalazi u poziciji jedaniza osnovne linije. On predstavlja jedan od najbitnijih elemenataodbojka{ke igre i zato mu treba posvetiti velikupažnju i dovoljno vremena na svakom treningu. (Selinger2000). Tomić je preporučio da uvježbavanje servisa trebapovezivati sa drugim elementima kao {to su primanje servisa,organizovanje napada, organizovanje pojedinih specifičnihuloga igrača i td. Nije dobro uvježbavati servis izdvojen odostalih elemenata. Svaka vrsta servisa ima svoje prednosti inedostatke (Tomić, 1976, str. 146). Izvođenje servisa možeda bude i veoma stresno, pogotovo kod odlučujućih poena.To je zbog toga {to je sva pažnja igrača, trenera, publike iokoline usredsređena na igrača koji je na servisu. Dobroizvođenje servisa i pravilna praktična realizacija, čestoznaju da budu odlučujući faktor u ishodu utakmice. U takticiserviranja izuzetno je važno izabrati najbolji, odnosnonajefikasniji način serviranja i u pravo ga vrijeme primjeniti.Prema načinu izvođenja možemo razlikovati nekoliko vrstaservisa i to: donji čeoni servis, gornji čeoni servis, gornji čeoniservis iz skoka i bočni servis, a u odnosu na rotaciju lopte,servis u odbojci može biti sa rotacijom i bez rotacije lopte.Danas se u vrhunskoj odbojci odbojci, kako mu{koj tako iženskoj, koriste isključivo ovi servisi:• gornji čeoni servis iz skoka sa rotacijom lopte - smečservis• gornji čeoni servis iz skoka bez rotacije lopte - flotservis• gornji čeoni servis iz mjesta i bez rotacije lopte - lelujaviservisKad je u pitanju brzina kretanja lopte kod serviranja, najvećamoguća brzina lopte postiže se izvođenjem smeč servisa iona približno iznosi otprilike do 120 km/h , odnosno približno33 m/s. Prilikom odlično izvedenog smeč servisa, brzinalopte približno iznosi oko 100 km/h ili 28 m/s. Najče{ća,odnosno uobičajena, brzina lopte prilikom serviranja približnoiznosi oko 15 m/s. Ustanovljeno je da vrijeme reagovanjaprimača iznosi 0,3 sekunde, a da kod servisa izvedenogmaksimalnom brzinom kretanja lopte, ona od momentaudarca do momenta prijema putuje oko 0,5 sekundi. Toznači da je ovakav servis praktično neuhvatljiv. Prilikomodlično izvedenog smeč servisa vrijeme leta lopte je 0,7sekundi, tako da ovo vrijeme omogućuje izvođenje prijemaservisa ukoliko lopta u momentu prijema od primača nezahtijeva pomjeranje nogama (Selinger 2000).Kod servisa izvedenog uobičajenom brzinom lopte vrijemeleta lopte je oko jedne sekunde. Ovo vrijeme je dovoljnoda se primač servisa postavi na loptu i kvalitetno je dodadizaču. Naravno, to nije uvijek tako, pa se dobar efekatpostiže i servisima sa ovakvom brzinom lopte, pod uslovomda primači nisu dovoljno spremni, a server pogodi pravomjesto u pravom trenutku.Servis kaoelement igreThe service was created when volleyball was created, asa way to throw the ball in play, that is to serve the ball to174Servis je nastao kada i odbojka, kao način da se loptaubaci u igru, odnosno da se lopta servira protivniku. U vrijemenastajanja odbojke servis je predstavljao samo početak igre