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BUNKERINGRelationship Between Low Sulfur Fuel,TBN, and Lube Oil Feed Rate in Two-StrokeMarine Diesel EnginesDIMITRIS G. BAKINEZOS | LUBRICANTS MANAGERThere has been a lot of talk recently about the future use of low sulfur fuels in themarine industry. The average amount of sulfur in two-stroke marine diesel enginesused today is approximately 3%.The Total Base Number(TBN) is a factor that indicatesthe ability of thecylinder oil to neutralize acid usingalkaline components. The higherthe TBN of the cylinder oil themore acid can be neutralized.Controlled corrosion is veryimportant in creating the lubricationoil film and, as a result, the TBN is important tocontrol corrosion on the cylinder liner surface.We should take extra caution to avoid complete neutralizationof the acids—sulfur oxides. If complete neutralizationoccurs, controlled corrosion cannot be achieved anddamage to the oil film on the cylinder liner surface and excessivecorrosive wear may result.Efficiency in operating fuel oils with sulfur content1–1.5% and high TBN lubrication oils depends on the enginemaker, age, liner temperature, lube oil feed rate, andthe TBN.For many years, cylinder oils with TBN 70 have been thestandard in two-stroke diesel engines. It has been acceptableto use cylinder oil of TBN 70 with fuel sulfur contentof 1-1.5% for up to two weeks maximum. At the sametime, engine manufacturers advise that the TBN 70 cylinderoil feed rate be reduced when using low sulfur fuel.It has been shown in practice that some two-strokediesel engines can use low-sulfur fuel and still use TBN 70lube oil by reducing the cylinder oil feed rate to the levelsrecommended by the engine’s manufacturer.Practice has shown that the minimum feed rate of TBN70 lube oil is 0.5 g/bhph. This feed rate can be achievedwhile still maintaining an acceptable film thickness by usingfuel with a sulfur content of 2%. An engine using TBN70 lube oil and 0.5 g/bhph feed rate with 1% sulfur fuelwill have over-neutralized acids which we don’t want forreasons explained earlier.In case we have to use a fuel with sulfur content as low as0.5%, what we need is a low cylinder-oil feed rate (as recommendedby the engine manufacturer) and TBN 50 lubricantoil.Engine manufacturers advise that the TBN70 cylinder oil feed rate be reduced whenusing low sulfur fuel.16 AEGEAN NEWS SUMMER 2005
TR8:2003First in EuropeANNA SAMPSON | BUNKER TRADERCustomer Satisfaction QuestionnaireGREGORIS ROBOLAKIS | DIRECTOR OF MARINE SALESAegean’s promise to provide high standard services to allits customers is also a commitment to continually improvingthe quality of services it offers.Within this framework,Aegean, having in recentmonths coordinated its effortswith its bunkering stations, was successfullycertified by Lloyd’s TR8:2003, thenew quality management system for thebunker supply chain. This system aimsat the development of an effective processfor the qualitative management of thewhole chain of procedures related to aship’s refueling—from the first step ofloading fuel on our barges to the last stepof delivering fuel to the ships of our customers.The procedures defined inTR8:2003 were incorporated inAegean’s quality procedures manual,along with the renewal of the ISO9001:2000 quality model that is maintainedby the company in cooperationwith Lloyd’s.Aegean is the first company in Europeto be certified with TR8:2003. Thisachievement becomes even more significantif we consider that TR8:2003 wasfirst implemented in Singapore after twoyears of strenuous efforts.Within the same framework, Aegeanalso acquired one more certificate, theBS EN ISO 14001:2004 (environmentalmanagement system). This certificatespecifies the basis on which the companymay determine its policies and set itsgoals on procedures and activities, takinginto consideration legal and environmentaldemands.Aegean was successfully certified according to thenew quality management system for the bunkersupply chain TR8:2003Aegean places a lot of weight on quality.The renewal of its ISO 9001:2000certification, in combination with its newTR8:2004 certification, makes Aegeana pioneer in the sale of marine fuels andlubricants and places the company onestep higher on the ladder of success.Aegean is the first company in Europe certified with TR8:2003Aegean always strives to improve the services it offers its customers and believes that it is very important to understandcustomer needs and take all the measures necessary to facilitate bunkering procedures. Customer responses tothe second questionnaire we issued indicate that Aegean has significantly improved its services during recent years.This improvement is attributable to the excellent work of our experienced salespeople in our sales department, theprompt processing of invoices in the accounting department, and the on-time delivery performance at our bunkeringstations. As a natural consequence, Aegean’s sales have recently increased.CUSTOMER QUESTIONNAIRE—QUESTION AND ANSWER SUMMARY:EXCELLENT VERY GOOD GOODQUALITY OF SERVICES 67% 31% 2%QUALITY OF SERVICES COMPARED WITH COMPETITION 63% 34% 3%TOTAL EVALUATION OF AEGEAN 65% 32% 3%Our efforts tomaximize thequality of ourservices area never-endingprocess.SUMMER 2005 AEGEAN NEWS 17
Page 1: Aegean NewsT H E Q U A R T E R L Y
Page 7: Logging OnCustomers and associates
Page 10 and 11: RETAILMajor WorksAt Installations i
Page 12 and 13: RETAILAegean Quality and EconomyANT
Page 15 and 16: ACHAIAFOKIDAARTAPREVEZATHESPROTIAKA
Page 17: Yiannis KlettasSofiko KorinthiasMr.
Page 21 and 22: SHIPPINGCaptain TsakosHosts Working
Page 23 and 24: significant profits can be achieved
Page 25 and 26: standard that are drawn from the ac
Page 27 and 28: new regulatory framework—the new
Page 29 and 30: MARITIMETRADITIONA Fish Called…Ta
Page 31 and 32: ATHLETICSSoccerCrosses the Atlantic
Page 33 and 34: THE AEGEAN IMAGEProducts that say

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