<strong>MC80F7708</strong>7.7 Typical CharacteristicsThese graphs and tables are for design guidance only andare not tested or guaranteed.In some graphs or tables, the data presented are outsidespecified operating range (e.g. outside specifiedV DD range). This is for information only and devicesare guaranteed to operate properly only within thespecified range.The data is a statistical summary of data <strong>co</strong>llected on unitsfrom different lots over a period of time. “Typical” representsthe mean of the distribution while “max” or “min”represents (mean + 3σ) and (mean − 3σ) respectivelywhere σ is standard deviation20 December 3, 2012 Ver 1.21
<strong>MC80F7708</strong>8. MEMORY ORGANIZATION8.1 RegistersThis device has six registers that are the Program Counter(PC), a Accumulator (A), two index registers (X, Y), theStack Pointer (SP), and the Program Status Word (PSW).The Program Counter <strong>co</strong>nsists of 16-bit register.PCHAXYSPPCLPSWACCUMULATORX REGISTERY REGISTERSTACK POINTERPROGRAM COUNTERPROGRAM STATUSWORDThe have separate address spaces for Program memory,Data Memory and Display memory. Program memory canonly be read, not written to. It can be up to 8K bytes of Programmemory. Data memory can be read and written to upto 1024 bytes including the stack area. Display memoryhas prepared 27 nibbles for LCD.Generally, SP is automatically updated when a subroutinecall is executed or an interrupt is accepted. However, if itis used in excess of the stack area permitted by the datamemory allocating <strong>co</strong>nfiguration, the user-processed datamay be lost.The stack can be located at any position within 100 H to15F H of the internal data memory. The SP is not initializedby hardware, requiring to write the initial value (the locationwith which the use of the stack starts) by using the initializationroutine. Normally, the initial value of “15F H” isused.Stack Address (100 H ~ 15F H )15 8 701SPFigure 8-1 Configuration of RegistersAccumulator: The Accumulator is the 8-bit general purposeregister, used for data operation such as transfer, temporarysaving, and <strong>co</strong>nditional judgement, etc.The Accumulator can be used as a 16-bit register with YRegister as shown below.Hardware fixedCaution:The Stack Pointer must be initialized by software becauseits value is undefined after RESET.Example: To initialize the SPYYALDX #05FH ;TXSP;SP ← 05F HATwo 8-bit Registers can be used as a “YA” 16-bit RegisterFigure 8-2 Configuration of YA 16-bit RegisterX, Y Registers: In the addressing mode which uses theseindex registers, the register <strong>co</strong>ntents are added to the specifiedaddress, which be<strong>co</strong>mes the actual address. Thesemodes are extremely effective for referencing subroutinetables and memory tables. The index registers also have increment,decrement, <strong>co</strong>mparison and data transfer functions,and they can be used as simple accumulators.Stack Pointer: The Stack Pointer is an 8-bit register usedfor occurrence interrupts and calling out subroutines. StackPointer identifies the location in the stack to be accessed(save or restore).Program Counter: The Program Counter is a 16-bit widewhich <strong>co</strong>nsists of two 8-bit registers, PCH and PCL. This<strong>co</strong>unter indicates the address of the next instruction to beexecuted. In reset state, the program <strong>co</strong>unter has reset routineaddress (PC H :0FF H , PC L :0FE H ).Program Status Word: The Program Status Word (PSW)<strong>co</strong>ntains several bits that reflect the current state of theCPU. The PSW is described in Figure 8-3. It <strong>co</strong>ntains theNegative flag, the Overflow flag, the Break flag the HalfCarry (for BCD operation), the Interrupt enable flag, theZero flag, and the Carry flag.[Carry flag C]This flag stores any carry or borrow from the ALU of CPUafter an arithmetic operation and is also changed by theShift Instruction or Rotate Instruction.December 3, 2012 Ver 1.21 21