MONASH UNIVERSITY <strong>GAZETTE</strong>have been carefully analysed. For example there is anhereditary disease common in some tropical regionsknown as sickle cell anaemia, in which the red bloodcells show a characteristic crescent shape. Children whoinherit the gene for sickle cell anaemia from both parentsdie of severe anaemia at an early age, generally beforethey have produced any children. Why then does thisgenetic characteristic persist? It is found that peoplewho inherit the sickle cell gene from only one parentshow little general health effects except that they aremore resistant to malaria, the malaria parasite notbeing able to multiply as well in the altered haemoglobinof the sickle red cells as in normal haemoglobin. Thus,here a deleterious gene proves to have a definite selectiveadvantage.It was Francis Galton who worked out why so manyof the peerages of England lapsed bec<strong>au</strong>se of lack ofheirs. He d<strong>edu</strong>ced that it was common for peers tomarry heiresses, and these girls were heiresses bec<strong>au</strong>sethey came from small families - at a time when familiesof this social class were generally quite large. Inother words, there was a strong genetic selection forinfertility which resulted in the end of these noblefamilies.With regard to Bacon's "new inventions and riches"in the material sense, it must be admitted that microbialgenetics has yet to achieve as much as some otherbranches of genetics such as those which have contributedto plant and animal breeding with their remarkableeffects on yields in agriculture, without which the currentglobal food shortage would be even more pronounced.The reason for this may lie firstly in the relative scarcityof trained microbial geneticists and secondly in .thefailure of the industries concerned to realize the potentialvalue of genetic techniques in increasing yields. Anotable exception has been Japan, which has manydepartments and institutes of microbial genetics and avast industry based on fermentation and by-productsof microbiological growth, with an active co-operationbetween academic and industrial groups.In setting out to establish the discipline of genetics at<strong>Monash</strong> I have been influenced by some of the aboveconsiderations, by my own general training and experienceand also by the almost day-to-day excitementwhich characterizes current research in microbial andmolecular genetics, in deciding to limit our researchinterests to this general area, at least so long as weremain a small department. The present plans are thatwe shall reach an academic staff level of about five bythe end of the next triennium.This will not mean that our teaching interests willremain this narrow - far from it. In teaching genetics,it must be remembered that very few people who takeuniversity courses in genetics end up being practisinggeneticists. To cover the needs of most students, agenetics department must predominantly provide servicecourses which will be taken as part of more intensivecourses in botany, zoology, biochemistry, microbiologyand perhaps anthropology. A number of science studentswill combine a third year course in genetics with anotherthird year course in some of the above subjects anda few will go on to an honours year and graduate workin our department. Even obtaining a Ph.D. in geneticsdocs not necessarily mean that the final destination willbe a university genetics department. Many university biologicalscience departments usually, and should, have atleast one member with formal training in genetics, andCSIRO has a number of research groups in differentaspects of genetics.Another aspect of the practising geneticist is that heonly rarely does genetics. More often than not he iseither a botanist, zoologist, microbiologist, biochemist,or so on, the reason being not only that genetic techniquesare important as analytical tools in these disciplines,but that geneticists lise material from all these disciplinesto solve genetic problems. In short, geneticsfunctions best where it can interact fully with otherbranches of science both at the research level and at theteaching level. It is intended to implement this principleas far as possible in our teaching of genetics at <strong>Monash</strong>,and already we have been fortunate enough to have theactive and friendly co-operation of a number of departments.In 1968 we are already providing service coursesto the departments of Botany, Zoology, and Biochemistry.Next year (1969) in the faculty of Science, an honourscourse in genetics will be introduced and in 1970 a thirdyear course which can be taken in conjunction withbotany, zoology, biochemistry or microbiology. If thedemand exists, courses will be provided in other faculties.We are looking forward to the active challenge thatall these courses will provide.THE FLIGHT CREW OFFICERS'INDUSTRIAL TRIBUNALOn 2 February 1968 the Minister for Labour andNational Service. Mr. Bury, announced the appointmentof Professor 1. E. Isaac of the Economics departmentas The Flight Crew Officers' Industrial Tribunal for aperiod of three years. The office is a part-time one andProfessor Isaac is to act only from time to time as theoccasion arises. In the performance of his duties, he willhave the same protection and immunity as a judge ofthe Commonwealth Industrial Court.Legislation for the constitution of this Tribunal todeal with industrial disputes involving pilots, navigatorsand flight engineers in the airlines industry was passedby the Commonwealth Parliament at the end of 1967following protracted di-sputes between pilots and theairline companies. The Tribunal provides for the firsttime in Australia special machinery to deal in a coordinatedway with the complex industrial problems ofthe three classes of aircrew. Prior to the setting up ofthe Tribunal, flight engineers worked under the awardof the Commonwealth Conciliation and ArbitrationCommission, while pilots and navigators conducted theirnegotiations directly with the companies.Professor Isaac has had previous experience in dealingwith industrial issues in the airlines industry. Earlyin 1966 he was appointed to conduct an enquiry onclaims made by the Australian Federation of Air Pilotsconcerning salaries and other conditions of employmentof pilots employed by the internal airline operators.Later in the same year, acting as an intermediary, heassisted the Federation and the companies to reachagreement on a new contract of employment for pilots.Subsequently the parties invited him to serve as chairmanof the Grievance Board provided in the newcontract.10
FOUR HONORARY DEGREES CONFERREDFour honorary degrees were conferred by the <strong>University</strong>at the four graduation ceremonies held on 5 and 19April 1968. During the ceremonies 754 degrees and 256diplomas were conferred on students from all faculties.Citation delivered by Professor J. D. Legge on theoccasion of the conferring of the degree of Doctor ofLetters lsonorts c<strong>au</strong>sa upon Lady Bassett.The study of history, Me.Chancellor, is an exactingdiscipline. It calls for patiencein the pursuit of evidence,care and honesty inthe handling of it, imagination,wit and craftsmanshipin its presentation.Mamie Bassett began todevelop these skills at anearly age. It might be indelicatefor me to give theprecise date of her firstpublication - an article entitled'The Foundation ofLady Bassettthe <strong>University</strong> of Melbourne"which appeared in the <strong>University</strong> Review.Enough to say that it appeared when she was barely inher twenties. It showed her capacity to use newly discovereddocuments - and perhaps it also foreshadowedher later interest in the foundation of new universities.Lady Bassett sprang from fa solidly academic background.D<strong>au</strong>ghter of Sir David Orme Masson, professorof Chemistry in the <strong>University</strong> of Melbourne, she livedat the <strong>University</strong> in one of those old professors' housesof which only two survivors remain to testify to themore spacious professorial way of life of a bygone age.Her brother, also a chemist, became, as his father hadbeen, a Fellow of the Royal Society, and also served asVice-Chancellor of Sheffield. Her sister. an <strong>au</strong>thoressin her own right, married the distinguished pioneer ofsocial anthropology, Malinowski. Mamie Bassett herselfhad an interest in anthropological matters whichdrew her, shortly after the first world war, to make anextended visit to New Guinea. I hesitate to compareher with that indomitable nineteenth century lady traveller,Mary Kingsley, who in bonnet, button-up boots, andtrailing skirts, penetrated to the darker corners of Africa.But in wanting to see things at first hand and in sharpeningher gifts of observation in New Guinea she doesbelong in some degree to that tradition.From her youth lip she thus moved in scholarly circleswhere things are not taken at second hand. As anhistorian in the making, she was sensitive to a varietyof ways of looking at the world - a variety which wasfurther extended by her marriage in 1923 to an engineer.Marriage and the bringing up of a family postponedfor a time her development as a professional historian.[ use the word "professional" advisedly, Mr. Chancellor.Lady Bassett modestly describes her interest in Australianhistory as a recreation, but in 1940 the publication ofThe Governor's Lady, a study of Mrs. Philip GidleyKing, was the beginning of a series of important contributionsto our knowledge of Australian history. In 1954her masterpiece, The Hentvs, appeared. This was a landmarkin Australian biography and in many ways apioneering work in Victorian social history. It was followedby Realms and Islands: The World Voyage 0/Rose de Freycinet and Behind the Picture, a study of thecruise of the Rattlesnake to Australia and New Guinea.In speaking of Mamie Bassett's gifts as an historian itis not only the care of her scholarship, her eye for vividdetail, and the subtlety of her insight - a "penetratingfeminine insight" as one reviewer has called it - whichcommand admiration. ALso to be admired is her eleganceof style. If history is a social science, as somehave claimed, it is also an art. Or it should be. I thinkit was Lord Mac<strong>au</strong>lay who said that he wanted to writein such a way that his History of England would befound in every lady's drawing room. For today's readers,male and female, Mamie Bassett writes as attractivelyas Mac<strong>au</strong>lay did for his readers. Unlike so many of theworks which pour from the presses these days her bookscan be read - and read for pleasure. She falls withinthe tradition of history as a "velvet study" with her interestin persons, her sensitivity to the subtleties ofindividuals' relations with each other, and her ability tocreate a tapestry, to recapture the flavour of the societywithin which they moved.This is one of those happy occasions, Mr. Chancellor,when the particular honorary degree to be conferred isindeed appropriate to the work of the person who receivesit. This is our first D.Litt. I think it is also thefirst occasion in which a D.Litt. has been conferred ona lady in Victoria.Citation delivered by the Vice-Chuncetlor on theoccasion of the conferring of the degree of Doctor ofLaws honoris c<strong>au</strong>sa upon Sir Osborn McCutcticon.When you cast your mindback, Mr. Chancellor, almostexactly ten years, tothe early days of your chairmanshipof the InterimCouncil of this <strong>University</strong>,you will recall that themain planning, academic aswell as physical, was doneby the Buildings Committee.The broad policy thatwas to be followed - that"the <strong>University</strong> shall haveregard to the urgent needfor the establishment ofcourses in applied scienceand technology, and for theSir Osborn McCutcheontraining of more engineersand scientists for industry and agriculture, and for therelief of those faculties in the <strong>University</strong> of Melbourne.. at which limitation of the number of students is. . . necessary" - had been laid down in the Act butthere was much to be done to translate this policy intoa functioning university. As the planning consultantSir Osborn Mcc.nrcheon, as he now is, played a tremendouslyimportant part at this stage first by assemblinga great mass of information, about studentpopulation trends for example, from which the Committeecould distil a policy; and then by devising the11