Carlisle is the most northerly city in England, and the ... - NHS Cumbria

Figure 20: Annual Mean Household Income by Ward.Modelled Mean Household Income, 2007, by wards in Carlisle£40,000£35,000£30,000Carlisle Mean = 31,117Pounds sterling£25,000£20,000£15,000£10,000£5,000£0HaytonWetheralBurghStanwix RuralGreat Corby and GeltsdaleDalstonStanwix UrbanBelahYewdaleIrthingLyneBelle VueBramptonLongtown & RockcliffeSt AidansDenton HolmeCastleCurrockHarrabyBotcherbyUpperbyMortonWardIn relation to the correlation between mortality and income we can see that the average lifeexpectancy in Hayton is 82.1 years. This is 3.5 years above the Cumbria average. However, lifeexpectancy is just 76 years in Morton ward. This is 2.6 years below the average for Cumbria.A further correlation is demonstrated between income and health.While residents of Hayton have a healthy life expectancy of 76.5 years, residents of Morton canexpect to remain healthy for 67.9 years. Therefore people in Hayton are likely to remain healthyfor more than eight years longer than the residents of Morton.11. Employment.Research evidence strongly supports an association between unemployment and a greater riskof both physical and mental illness at both the individual and the population levels.Unemployment is also associated with a greater risk of mortality at the population level (Jin et al1995).Carlisle has a slightly lower rate of unemployment than the rest of the North West region andEngland, being 4.5 compared to 5.4 for the North West and 5.5 for England.Figure 21 shows unemployment in Carlisle during the Month of December 2007.When compared with Figure 17 we can see that there appears to be an association betweenlevels of unemployment and levels of smoking, with higher concentrations of smokers in thewards with the highest rates of unemployment. This reflects the national picture of the greatestrates of smoking being found in the most deprived areas.Figure 21: Unemployment by WardFiona Huntington 24 of 47