Guidelines on surveillance among populations most at risk for HIV

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Sampling strategies and design toolA useful tool for determining the most appropriate sampling tool is hosted athttp://globalhealthsciences.ucsf.edu/PPHG/surveillance/CDC-MARPs/sampling_selection.htm.This tool provides sampling strategies based on the population that is being surveyed. It includes mostat-riskpopulations as well as some populations that are commonly considered proxy populations forsurveillance of those most at risk. Figure 2.3 provides a snapshot of the tool and the results for brothelbasedsex workers.Figure 2.3. Example from the sampling strategies and design toolDeveloped for Centers for Disease Control and Prevention by Design and Learning Interactive, Inc.,www.designandlearning.com, a Northrop Grumman subcontractor, 2009.24
3. Conduct surveillance of populationsmost at risk for HIVThe next part of the process concerns conducting surveys. Populations most at risk for HIV have specialrequirements. Focus on their special needs and how to avoid legal repercussions and stigma.Figure 3.1. Conduct surveillance of most-at-risk populations<strong>Guidelines</strong> on surveillance among populations most at risk for HIV3.1 Step 4: Address operational issues3.1.1 Plan staffing and trainingRecruiting and training staff for a surveillance project is a critical and challenging task. The surveillanceprogramme staff should include:• management and technical personnel• support staff• fieldwork staff• data entry staff• analysis staff.25
Page 1 and 2: UNAIDS/WHO Working Groupon Global H
Page 3 and 4: UNAIDS/WHO Working Groupon Global H
Page 5 and 6: ContentsAcknowledgements1 Introduct
Page 7 and 8: 1. IntroductionThe overall goal of
Page 9 and 10: Generalized The epidemic has mature
Page 12 and 13: Table 2.1. Potential stakeholders t
Page 14 and 15: Decide on a clear and specific defi
Page 16 and 17: In indirect sharing, one syringe is
Page 19 and 20: Sampling of subgroups of interest m
Page 21 and 22: 2.3.3 Cluster or targeted samplingD
Page 23 and 24: Figure 2.2. Respondent-driven sampl
Page 25 and 26: Time-location sampling in Harare, Z
Page 27: Surveillance among men who have sex
Page 31 and 32: When constructing a questionnaire,
Page 33 and 34: 3.2.5 Maintain confidentiality and
Page 35 and 36: HIV incidence (recent infection) is
Page 37 and 38: 4.1.4 Use the results to improve pr
Page 39 and 40: Appendix A: List of additionalsurve
Page 41 and 42: Humanimmunodeficiencyvirus (HIV)HIV
Page 43 and 44: Appendix C: LinksUNAIDS/WHO Working
Page 45 and 46: 18 Topp L et al. Representativeness
Page 47 and 48: 59 Brookmeyer R, Stroup DF (eds). M
Page 49: For more information, contact:World

Guidelines on surveillance among populations most at risk for HIV

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