3GPP Broadband Evolution to IMT-Advanced - 4G Americas

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for location and SMS, as well as many other functions with which developers will be ableto build innovative applications.Table 3 summarizes the available Parlay X specifications. 29 Operators are beginning toselectively deploy these functions. The advantage of this approach is that developers canbuild applications that are compatible with multiple operator networks.Table 3: Parlay X SpecificationsPart Title Functions1 Common Definitions common across Parlay X specifications2 Third Party Call Creates and manages calls3 Call Notification Management of calls initiated by a subscriber4 Short Messaging Send and receive of SMS including delivery receipts5 Multimedia Messaging Send and receive of multimedia messages6 Payment Pre-paid and post-paid payments and paymentreservations7 Account Management Management of accounts of prepaid customers8 Terminal Status Obtain status such as reachable, unreachable or busy9 Terminal Location Obtain location of terminal10 Call Handling Control by application for call handling of specificnumbers11 Audio Call Control for media to be added/dropped during call12 Multimedia Conference Create multimedia conferences including dynamicmanagement of participants13 Address List Manage subscriber groupsManagement14 Presence Provide presence information15 Message Broadcast Send messages to all users in specified area16 Geocoding Obtain location address of subscriber17 Application-driven QoS Control quality of service of end-user connection18 Devices Capabilities Obtain device capability information and be able toand Configuration push device configuration to device19 Multimedia Streaming Control multimedia streaming to deviceControl20 Multimedia MulticastSession ManagementControl multicast sessions, members, multimediastream, and obtain channel presence informationA related project is GSM Association (GSMA) OneAPI, a project to also define networkinterfaces, but that prioritizes implementation based on expected market demand.OneAPI defines a simplified Web service for most functions that is essentially a subset ofthe related Parlay X Web service. 30 It also defines a REST (Representational StateTransfer) interface for most functions as an alternative to using the Web service. RESTfulinterfaces are simpler for developers to work with and experiment with than Webservices.Regardless of whether operators deploy with Parlay X or OneAPI, these are mainstreaminterfaces that will open wireless networks to thousands of Internet programmers who29 See http://www.parlay.org/en/specifications/pxws.asp for actual specifications.30 See http://oneapi.aepona.com/portal/tws_gsma/Resources for more information about OneAPI.Transition to 4G: 3GPP Broadband Evolution to IMT-Advanced, Rysavy Research/3G Americas, Aug 2010 Page 26
will be able to build applications that leverage the latent information and capabilities ofwireless networks.Mobile Application ArchitecturesMany applications used over wireless connections will be the same as those used over theInternet with desktop/laptop PCs. An increasing number of applications, however, will bedeveloped specifically for mobile devices. This can be a challenge for developers, becausethere are a number of different mobile platforms now available including Android, AppleiPhone, LiMo, Palm Pre, RIM BlackBerry, Symbian, and Windows Mobile. Unlike thedesktop market, the mobile device market has become fragmented. Each of the deviceplatforms comes with its own application development environment, and developers mustface a learning curve to become adept at programming for any specific platform. Somedevelopers may be content targeting specific platforms. Others, however, may need theirapplications to operate across multiple platforms.Fortunately, there are various developments that address the fragmentation challenge.These include:Mobile Middleware. These are software infrastructures that consist of a clientcomponent that operates on the mobile device, and a server component that actsas a proxy for the client. Vendors provide tools with which developers can developan application in a platform-neutral manner, and which then operates on multipledevice types. Mobile middleware is mostly used for business applications.Mobile Web 2.0. Mobile browsers are adopting many of the same sophisticatedcapabilities as desktop browsers. Combined with networks that have higherthroughputs and lower latency, an increasing number of applications can be Webhosted, making the applications available from diverse platforms. Mobile Web 2.0technologies include items such as Ajax, offline operation, video capabilities, fastJavaScript execution, and mashups (combining data from multiple Web sources).Cloud computing, enabled by Mobile Web 2.0, will play as important a role formobile systems as for desktops.Push Architectures. Many mobile applications are notification oriented, meaningusers want to know when new information is available in applications like e-mailor social networking. “Pushing” small amounts of data on a regular basis to largenumbers of users, or having devices poll on a regular basis, can strain impactnetwork capacity. In response, 3GPP has specified supporting mechanisms such asPaging Channel (PCH) states and tools for enabling rapid transitions betweenactive and inactive states.Eventual Market Consolidation. Though the market is currently fragmented, thereare certain platforms (e.g., Android, BlackBerry, iPhone) that represent relativelydominant market share. Increasingly, developers are choosing to develop for justa small number of these platforms using the development tools specific to thatenvironment.Broadband-Wireless Deployment ConsiderationsMuch of the debate in the wireless industry is on the merits of different radiotechnologies, yet other factors are equally important in determining the services andcapabilities of a wireless network. These factors include the amount of spectrumavailable, backhaul, and network topology.Transition to 4G: 3GPP Broadband Evolution to IMT-Advanced, Rysavy Research/3G Americas, Aug 2010 Page 27
Page 11 and 12: Quality of service (QoS). By priori
Page 13: Figure 4: WCDMA-HSPA Voice and Data
Page 16 and 17: It is clear that both EDGE and UMTS
Page 18: TechnologyNameType Characteristics
Page 21 and 22: Europe are providing operators with
Page 23 and 24: MHz, in Japan at 1500 MHz and in Eu
Page 25: and VoIP operation. These approache
Page 29 and 30: Leveraging this success, operators
Page 31 and 32: VoIP for HSPA. Since LTE uses an IP
Page 33 and 34: Figure 10: Different Deployment Sce
Page 35 and 36: Figure 11: Radio Resource Managemen
Page 37 and 38: IEEE 802.16e-2005 and now IEEE 802.
Page 39 and 40: attempts, no terrestrial wireless-d
Page 41 and 42: DownlinkPeakNetworkSpeedPeakand/orT
Page 43 and 44: DownlinkUplinkPeakNetworkSpeedPeaka
Page 45 and 46: Figure 13: HSDPA Performance of a 7
Page 47 and 48: Figure 15: HSPA+ Performance Measur
Page 49 and 50: Figure 17: LTE Throughput in Variou
Page 51 and 52: Figure 19: Latency of Different Tec
Page 53 and 54: Figure 20: Performance Relative to
Page 55 and 56: Figure 21: Comparison of Downlink S
Page 57 and 58: Incremental redundancy in error cor
Page 59 and 60: Figure 23: Comparison of Voice Spec
Page 61 and 62: Figure 24: Relative Volume of Subsc
Page 63 and 64: Technology EDGE/HSPA/LTE CDMA2000 W
Page 65 and 66: capacity of OFDMA-based approaches
Page 67 and 68: In this section, we consider differ
Page 69 and 70: To understand the evolution of data
Page 71 and 72: how EDGE functions including networ
Page 73 and 74: Alternatively, the original number
Page 75 and 76: In today’s EDGE systems, f12 thro
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DAS-9 16 QAM 217.6DAS-10 32 QAM 262
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Operators can also use their entire
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HSDPAHSPA refers to networks that s
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Figure 33: User DiversitySignal Qua
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Initial devices enabled peak user r
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“single-stream MIMO” or “MIMO
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Given the large amount of backhaul
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connection between the network and
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Figure 39: HSPA One-Tunnel Architec
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Figure 40: High-Speed Forward Acces
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elatively straightforward changes i
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on LTE began in 2004 with an offici
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Figure 45: LTE OFDMA Downlink Resou
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Single base-station antenna versus
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TX antennas and most devices will o
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Figure 48: Evolution of Voice in an
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Table 19: IMT-Advanced Requirements
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Beyond wider bandwidths, LTE-Advanc
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As discussed in more detail in the
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Different technologies spanning Wi-
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stations, and because of the narrow
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Support for new radio-access networ
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AbbreviationsThe following abbrevia
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GBR - Guaranteed Bit RateGbyte - Gi
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PHY - Physical LayerPMI - Precoding
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Additional Information3G Americas m
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Ericsson: HSPA voice migration, Jun
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SNL Kagan: press release, “SNL Ka
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3GPP Broadband Evolution to IMT-Advanced - 4G Americas

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