<strong>the</strong>ir children's handicap." He mentioned evangelistic outreach as a second benefit <strong>to</strong><strong>the</strong> program: "They can be converted <strong>the</strong> same as o<strong>the</strong>r children." Steller added,"Several mentally retarded children were converted last year."These examples illustrate <strong>the</strong> fact that effective Christian education for TMRpersons depends upon careful organization and administration of <strong>the</strong> program. Inbeginning such a ministry, churches are commonly faced with at least threeproblems which involve <strong>the</strong> relation of <strong>the</strong> special program <strong>to</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>to</strong>tal churchprogram, <strong>the</strong> management of retarded persons in existing programs, and <strong>the</strong> creationof a special class or department. 2One of <strong>the</strong> first steps <strong>to</strong>ward organizing a special class is homogeneousgrouping;' in o<strong>the</strong>r words, due <strong>to</strong> differences of intellectual ability and socialinterests, all mentally retarded persons could not receive maximum benefit bybeing classed <strong>to</strong>ge<strong>the</strong>r. Nei<strong>the</strong>r could <strong>the</strong> teacher be as effective as with ahomogeneous group.Classes for <strong>the</strong> trainable mentally retarded should be structured by five criteria: 4chronological age, (<strong>the</strong> National Council of Churches has developed a curriculumplan that includes a series for trainables and ano<strong>the</strong>r for <strong>the</strong> educable. Each seriesis divided in<strong>to</strong> three chronological age groups ((for <strong>the</strong> trainable, 6-10, 11-15, 16-21; and for <strong>the</strong> educable, 7-12, 13-16, 17-25)). Sections of <strong>the</strong> material for <strong>the</strong>trainable, <strong>to</strong> be published by <strong>the</strong> Cooperative Publication Association, wereavailable for use in late 1969 or early 1970. The teaching-learning units are“experience oriented.” They are flexibly designed <strong>to</strong> use in <strong>the</strong> local churchinstitutions, culturally deprived sections where retardation seems <strong>to</strong> be a culturalfamilialphenomenon, and sheltered workshops) and <strong>the</strong> physical, mental, socialand emotional needs. 5 (He needs food, clothing and shelter. He also needsphysical, mental and social stimuli if he is <strong>to</strong> reach his full potential. O<strong>the</strong>r needsinclude love, acceptance, discipline, opportunity <strong>to</strong> develop, <strong>to</strong> have identity andexercise creativity. In addition <strong>to</strong> what has been mentioned, <strong>the</strong> retarded personneeds <strong>to</strong> learn how <strong>to</strong> live successfully with peers who are more able in many areasthan he is. He needs social contacts with o<strong>the</strong>rs in a group. Each retarded personneeds opportunity <strong>to</strong> contribute <strong>to</strong> <strong>the</strong> happiness and welfare of o<strong>the</strong>rs, <strong>to</strong> knowthat he has a contribution <strong>to</strong> make.EDUCABLE PUPILS IN EXISTING PROGRAMSEducable mentally handicapped students can be placed within <strong>the</strong> regulardepartments of <strong>the</strong> Sunday school, for <strong>the</strong>y are usually accepted in <strong>the</strong> public schoolspecial education classes where teachers would not be allowed <strong>to</strong> enroll <strong>the</strong>m if <strong>the</strong>yhad not already reached certain levels of good social behavior. In addition, <strong>the</strong>y
need <strong>the</strong> emotional stimulation and secure feeling of being with <strong>the</strong>ir own age group.Thus it is a healthy thing for <strong>the</strong> educable retardate if his church makes a place forhim in its regular classes, and everyone in <strong>the</strong> church stands <strong>to</strong> gain from thisendeavor <strong>to</strong> meet <strong>the</strong> need of its weakest member.Teachers expecting <strong>to</strong> have educable pupils in <strong>the</strong>ir classes should be prepared in<strong>the</strong>se ways:1. They must love and accept <strong>the</strong>se pupils for what <strong>the</strong>y are, realizing that <strong>the</strong>yare incapable of attaining <strong>the</strong> intellectual levels of normal students but that <strong>the</strong>y dowant and need a chance <strong>to</strong> display <strong>the</strong>ir limited ability. Teachers must never beupset or angered with <strong>the</strong> retardate's lack of knowledge, for he already keenly feelshis insufficiencies. 62. The teacher should be prepared <strong>to</strong> accept <strong>the</strong> retardate's human shortcoming,and try <strong>to</strong> understand his deficiencies by reading or enrolling in introduc<strong>to</strong>ry(college) courses on exceptional children. 7During class sessions, <strong>the</strong> teacher can help his student in <strong>the</strong>se ways:1. Never ask him <strong>to</strong> do anything which he knows is beyond his ability, such asreading, writing on paper or <strong>the</strong> board, singing songs alone. Some feel that even <strong>the</strong>placing of a Bible in front of a retardate is probably <strong>the</strong> wrong thing <strong>to</strong> do, for hecan become upset simply by thinking that fellow students expect him <strong>to</strong> be able <strong>to</strong>read.2. Do have him perform tasks which you know he will be able <strong>to</strong> accomplishwith complete success, and in which he can “show off” <strong>to</strong> his classmates. He canpass out hymnals and o<strong>the</strong>r material, usher and take <strong>the</strong> collection, hold up andhandle visual aids for <strong>the</strong> teacher, post material on bulletin boards, and perhaps evenbe a greeter in his own department.3. A teacher should encourage this student <strong>to</strong> participate by answering questionsfor which he volunteers. In <strong>the</strong> instance where a teacher gets an inexact answer, beshould try <strong>to</strong> make it fit in some way so that be does not completely deflate <strong>the</strong>pupil's ego. This is especially important for <strong>the</strong> student who is rarely verbal.Conversely, <strong>the</strong> annoyingly loud and verbal retardate may need <strong>the</strong> teacher's stronghand of discipline, for be must not be allowed <strong>to</strong> disturb <strong>the</strong> smooth flow of classinteraction.Some churches begin ministering <strong>to</strong> retardates because <strong>the</strong>se children belong <strong>to</strong>families within <strong>the</strong> congregation. Jimmy was one such student. His parents hadjoined <strong>the</strong> small, suburban church long before be was born, and <strong>the</strong>y enrolled him in<strong>the</strong> preschool department as a matter of course. If people noticed that be seemed <strong>to</strong>be in constant motion, ( Hyperactivity: More than <strong>the</strong> normal amount of action;frequent display of change of moods, with <strong>the</strong> accompanying inability <strong>to</strong> concentrateon a given task. The hyperactive retardate is dangerous <strong>to</strong> o<strong>the</strong>r persons only it he
- Page 2 and 3: CONTENTSCHAPTERIntroductionPart I F
- Page 4 and 5: since three hundred mentally retard
- Page 6 and 7: probably learn those things which p
- Page 8 and 9: age forty, her chances of producing
- Page 10 and 11: Professionals are fond of telling t
- Page 12 and 13: An accurate definition of the "trai
- Page 14 and 15: Teachers can use visual materials t
- Page 16 and 17: 6. Positive reinforcement should be
- Page 18 and 19: ealize just how desperately these c
- Page 20 and 21: However, Ms teacher must deal with
- Page 22 and 23: he can perform well. A single perfo
- Page 24 and 25: pupils. Teachers must be careful to
- Page 26 and 27: in teaching trainable mentally reta
- Page 28 and 29: 9. The picture-and-question combina
- Page 30 and 31: are able to conceptualize. The auth
- Page 32 and 33: PART IISuccessful MinistryChapter 5
- Page 36 and 37: has never been disciplined not to b
- Page 38 and 39: BUILDINGS AND EQUIPMENTThe well-pla
- Page 40 and 41: 6Who Shall Teach theMentally Retard
- Page 42 and 43: Those in special education become a
- Page 44 and 45: the media or method through which h
- Page 46 and 47: The teacher divests his pupil of ye
- Page 48 and 49: Can I set limits, then relax and al
- Page 50 and 51: etter lead the person in learning e
- Page 52 and 53: a way that His redeeming love is ev
- Page 54 and 55: The retarded have a low level of co
- Page 56 and 57: Most mentally retarded persons enjo
- Page 58 and 59: 8How Shall the Family Be CounseledR
- Page 60 and 61: place, attempting abortion, permiss
- Page 62 and 63: school with a neighboring family, b
- Page 64 and 65: Some will make an adequate adjustme
- Page 66 and 67: church family "has been no problem
- Page 68 and 69: criticize his every deed. Randy is
- Page 70 and 71: If there is any starting point with
- Page 72 and 73: Appendix OneHistorical Survey of Me
- Page 74 and 75: 8. Children love repetition.9. Chil
- Page 76 and 77: general intellectual functioning, (
- Page 78 and 79: SOURCE: J. V. Hottel, The Tennessee
- Page 80 and 81: 8. Ibid., p. 56.9. Ibid., p. 57.10.
- Page 82 and 83: 17. Ibid., pp. 18-22.18. Louis Rose
- Page 84 and 85:
24. Ovid. Decroly, La Classificatio
- Page 86 and 87:
Cruiksbank, William M. et al. A Tea
- Page 88 and 89:
Koenig, Frances. "Implications in t
- Page 90:
UNESCO. Organization of Special Edu