Electoral gender quotas systems and their implementation in Europe

More documents

Recommendations

Info

This study was requested by the European Parliament's Committee on Women'sRights and Gender Equality.This paper is published in the following languages: EN (original), FR.Authors: Drude Dahlerup and Lenita Freidenvall with the assistance of EleonoraStolt, Katarina Bivald and Lene Persson-Weiss, WIP, Women in Politics ResearchCentre, Department of Political Science, Stockholm University, in cooperation withInternational IDEA.Manuscript completed in September 2008.Copies can be obtained through:Ms Hélène CalersTel: +32 2 2840768Fax: +32 2 2832365E-mail: helene.calers@europarl.europa.euInformations on DG Ipol publications:http://www.ipolnet.ep.parl.union.eu/ipolnet/cmsBrussels, European ParliamentThe opinions expressed in this document are the sole responsibility of the author anddo not necessarily represent the official position of the European Parliament.iii
Electoral Gender Quota Systems andTheir Implementation in EuropeWIP, Women in Politics Research Centre,Department of Political Science, Stockholm Universityin cooperation with International IDEA
Page 3: Directorate-General Internal Polici
Page 8 and 9: AppendicesThe methodology of the qu
Page 10 and 11: Table 41. Women’s representation
Page 12 and 13: 1. Mapping of electoral gender quot
Page 14 and 15: Committee of Ministers’ Recommend
Page 16 and 17: have occurred after election day -
Page 18 and 19: parties and take the form of intern
Page 20 and 21: Knowledge of different electoral qu
Page 22 and 23: support for female candidates has s
Page 24 and 25: of more women in politics. Many opp
Page 26 and 27: Figure 3. The incremental track mod
Page 28 and 29: is probably that gender quotas rema
Page 30 and 31: to gender quotas. Likewise, the dat
Page 32 and 33: ‘Special organisation for women w
Page 34 and 35: individual parties that adopt them,
Page 36 and 37: political party in the Swedish Parl
Page 38 and 39: then the requirement of 50 per cent
Page 40 and 41: proportion of women elected in the
Page 42 and 43: and organisation of women are cruci
Page 44 and 45: Matland, Richard E., ‘Enhancing W
Page 46 and 47: Case studyBelgium: a best practice
Page 48 and 49: While the 1994 act applied to all e
Page 50 and 51: need to include at least one woman,
Page 52 and 53: introduced, individual parties adop
Page 54 and 55:
Marissal, Claudie and Hansen, Ingri
Page 56 and 57:
In order to correct the discriminat
Page 58 and 59:
The legal vacuum pertaining to the
Page 60 and 61:
y women in terms of number of seats
Page 62 and 63:
5. ‘Virtuous dynamic’: the symb
Page 64 and 65:
Case studyGermany: successful quota
Page 66 and 67:
party positions (Gruppenwahlen zu P
Page 68 and 69:
districts, quota rules are often no
Page 70 and 71:
Table 14. Success rates of female a
Page 72 and 73:
Figure 5. Development of the percen
Page 74 and 75:
so far no formal rules have been ad
Page 76 and 77:
Case studyPoland: one step forward,
Page 78 and 79:
16 in Poland)Rady powiatów(second
Page 80 and 81:
3. Evaluation3.1. Candidate lists i
Page 82 and 83:
List, in Ozorków Women of Tomorrow
Page 84 and 85:
3.4. Representation of women in oth
Page 86 and 87:
Case studySlovenia: from voluntary
Page 88 and 89:
council. The positions of candidate
Page 90 and 91:
3.2.2. The introduction of legislat
Page 92 and 93:
Table 25 shows that only one of the
Page 94 and 95:
Source: Author’s own calculation
Page 96 and 97:
Zakon o volitvah v Evropski parlame
Page 98 and 99:
Advocates for quotas for women lobb
Page 100 and 101:
Table 31. The percentage and number
Page 102 and 103:
Table 33. Municipality elections in
Page 104 and 105:
Case studySweden: small steps, big
Page 106 and 107:
40 per cent of either sex on the pa
Page 108 and 109:
voluntary party quotas than in part
Page 110 and 111:
The zipper system (50 per cent) int
Page 112 and 113:
While quotas for minority groups ha
Page 114 and 115:
Case studyThe United Kingdom: polit
Page 116 and 117:
In contrast to Labour, the Scottish
Page 118 and 119:
The twinning and zipping policies a
Page 120 and 121:
differences across the political pa
Page 122 and 123:
Appendix IThe methodology of the qu
Page 124 and 125:
Brigitte Geissel is a political sci
Page 126:
ZLSDZZPUnited List of Social Democr
show all

Electoral gender quotas systems and their implementation in Europe

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?