Bryological Monograph An annotated checklist of the mosses of ...

MOSSES OF EUROPE AND MACARONESIA 227ANNOTATIONS1. Ignatov & Afonina (1992) report Sphagnum imbricatumHornsch. ex Russow (section Sphagnum), S.orientale L.I.Savicz (section Subsecunda) and S.perfoliatum L.I.Savicz (section Subsecunda) fromarctic European Russia. The record of S. imbricatumwould, if correct, be likely to refer to S. steereiR.E.Andrus, which is seemingly the only taxon of theS. imbricatum complex collected in arctic areas ofNorth America and Eurasia (Flatberg, 1984), andwhich is listed by Dierssen (2001). However, Afonina(pers. comm. to Flatberg) tells us that there are noreliable herbarium specimens of European material ofany of these species. They are therefore omitted.2. Sphagnum viride is closely related to S. cuspidatum(Flatberg, 1988), and isoenzymatic results indicatethat gene flow exists between the two morphs(Hanssen, Såstad & Flatberg, 2000). More geneticdata are required to evaluate their taxonomic status.3. Sphagnum brevifolium and S. isoviitae belong to asmall group of closely related taxa in the S. recurvumcomplex with yellow spores (Flatberg, 1992, 1992[1993]). In typical morphological appearance they arewell separated from S. fallax, but seem not clearlysegregated genetically in sympatric populations(Såstad, Stenøien & Flatberg, 1999). Their speciesstatus can therefore be questioned, and more geneticdata are required before a decisive taxonomic conclusioncan be drawn.4. The name Sphagnum lenense was published as anomen nudum in 1915, and was not validated until1936 (Afonina and Egorova, pers. comm. to Flatberg).5. Sphagnum auriculatum is retained here as the name forthe taxon that has, following a paper by Dirkse &Isoviita (1986), been called S. denticulatum in recentlists. Sphagnum denticulatum is an aquatic form withabnormally large, nearly isophyllous leaves. Althoughmost such plants belong to S. auriculatum, similarforms of S. inundatum are found not uncommonlygrowing under aquatic conditions in mire pools alongthe western coast of Norway. The type specimen of S.denticulatum is therefore unsatisfactory.6. Sphagnum tundrae was described from Svalbard byFlatberg (1994).7. Sphagnum wulfianum is either nested within sectionAcutifolia (Shaw, 2000b) or is sister to sectionAcutifolia, lying between it and section Squarrosa(Shaw, Cox & Boles, 2005). It is left here in its ownsection Polyclada.8. Sphagnum aongstroemii may be nested within sectionAcutifolia (Shaw, 2000b, Shaw et al., 2005). It is lefthere in its own section Insulosa.9. Sphagnum nitidulum Warnst. was described fromTerceira in the Azores, but type material haspresumably been destroyed and its identity is obscure.10. Sphagnum subtile (Russow) Warnst. (S. capillifoliumvar. subtile (Russow) Kartt., S. rubellum var. subtile(Russow) Amann) is a disputed taxon whose distinctnesscan be questioned. Natcheva & Cronberg (2002)consider European herbarium material studied tobelong to S. rubellum. Shaw et al. (2005) claim thatNorth American plants named S. subtile cannot beseparated genetically from S. capillifolium. The nameis based on European material, but original materialhas not been traced. It is premature to disregard theexistence of a European taxon underlying this name.11. Sphagnum tenerum Sull. & Lesq. ex Sull. (S. capillifoliumvar. tenerum (Sull. & Lesq. ex Sull.) H.A.Crum)is an eastern North American species, which accordingto Shaw et al. (2005) is highly differentiated geneticallyfrom S. capillifolium. European plants labelled S.tenerum have been examined by Flatberg, and belongto hemi-isophyllous forms of S. capillifolium.12. Sphagnum olafii was described from Svalbard byFlatberg (1993a).13. Sphagnum rubiginosum was described from Norway byFlatberg (1993b).14. Sphagnum andersonianum has been reported fromEurope, but Shaw et al. (2005) claim that examinedmaterial from Europe and North America cannot bedistinguished by genetic markers from S. rubellum.15. Sections of Andreaea follow Murray (1988).16. Sérgio (2004) recognized Andreaea heinemannii subsp.crassifolia, stating that it does not intergrade morphologicallywith subsp. heinemannii and that they arefound in one mixed population. The taxon may thusmerit species status.17. Smith (2004) treated the East Asian Atrichum rhystophyllum(Müll.Hal.) Paris as a synonym of A.angustatum, following Richards & Wallace (1950),who treated it as a variety of A. angustatum. Therelationships of North American, European and EastAsian representatives of this complex and theiraffinity with A. undulatum are not clear and are inneed of thorough revision, as stated by Lou &Koponen (1986).18. A critical, global revision is required to clarify thestatus of Atrichum flavisetum and its relationship to A.undulatum.19. Pogonatum inflexum (Lindb.) Sande Lac. is listed forTurkey by Kürschner & Erdağ (2005). Pogonatuminflexum is an exclusively East Asian species confinedto China, Japan, Korea and the Russian Far East.Several records from other parts of mainland Asiahave been confirmed as misidentified, and are mostlyP. neesii (Hyvönen, 1989). We have not studied anyTurkish material but are inclined to assume that theserecords also represent P. neesii, a widespread Asianspecies with a disjunct occurrence in the Caucasusarea (see below).20. According to Schratz (1928), Pogonatum aloides var.minimum (Crome) Molendo and P. nanum var. long-