Euro-AgesThe Euro-Ages programme and IrelandIrish Universities provide taught and/or research degrees at B.Sc., M.Sc.and Ph.D. levels which accord with theBologna process. The Irish GeoscienceGraduate Programme, launched inSeptember 2010, allows students toacquire credits for modules in genericor research topics which may be takenin any Irish University. The Institute<strong>of</strong> <strong>Geologists</strong> <strong>of</strong> Ireland, a member<strong>of</strong> the EFG, accredits graduates fromapproved universities with sufficientpr<strong>of</strong>essional experience.by Michael J. [Ben] Kennedy 1Les Universités irlandaises délivrent desdiplômes d’enseignement et de rechercheaux niveaux Licence, Maîtrise etDoctorat, qui sont en conformité avecle Processus de Bologne. Le Programmediplômant irlandais en Géosciences,lancé en septembre 2010, permet auxétudiants d’acquérir des unités de valeurde modules appartenant à des matièresgénériques ou de recherches quipeuvent être reconnues par n’importequelle Université en Irlande. L’Institutdes Géologues d’Irlande, membre de laFEG, accrédite les diplômes d’Universitésagréées, tenant compte d’une expériencepr<strong>of</strong>essionnelle suffisante.Las universidades irlandesas impartenformación docente y en investigaciónpara licenciaturas, másteres y doctoradosque cumplen el proceso de Bolonia.El Programa Irlandés de Graduadosen Ciencias de la Tierra, que selanzó en septiembre de 2010, permitea los estudiantes conseguir créditospara módulos en temas genéricos ode investigación que luego puedenutilizarse en cualquier universidadirlandesa. El Instituto de los Geólogosirlandeses, que es miembro de la FEG,acredita a los graduados de las universidades<strong>of</strong>iciales que demuestrensuficiente experiencia pr<strong>of</strong>esional.Ireland has had a pr<strong>of</strong>essional body forgeoscientists, the Institute <strong>of</strong> <strong>Geologists</strong><strong>of</strong> Ireland [IGI], since 1999. Itwas therefore very appropriate that theEuro-Ages programme was initiated whenit was. The Bologna process has had anincreasing influence on university educationin Ireland and this is no better seen thanin developments in geological education.Geology is <strong>of</strong>fered in Irish universitiesas part <strong>of</strong> Bachelor degree programmes inScience [B.Sc.] and at the Masters [M.Sc.]and Ph.D. levels. There are presently notaught M.Sc. programmes though therehave been in the past.At the B.Sc. level, geology is includedin 3-year [level 7] and 4-year [level 8]degrees. In the 3-year degree, geologyis included with one or two other scienceswhereas in the 4-year degree thereis increased specialization in the last twoyears and the final year is entirely or almostcompletely concentrated on geology. Thefinal year is dedicated to enhanced specializedteaching in the main areas andexposure to specialities that may be uniqueto a particular institution. All programmescontain elements <strong>of</strong> Applied / EconomicGeology. The 4-year geology degreeprogrammes are only <strong>of</strong>fered in four universitiesin the Republic <strong>of</strong> Ireland butprogrammes with some geological contentare also available in Northern Ireland. Inthe Republic the proliferation <strong>of</strong> choicehas resulted in a variety <strong>of</strong> degrees withsignificant geological content. There arethree 4-year degrees in Geology, two in1Retired Dean <strong>of</strong> Science, UniversityCollege DublinEarth Science, one in Earth and OceanScience, one in Climate and Earth SystemScience and four in Environmental Science.Geology can also be combined withanother science or Archaeology. In NorthernIreland, geology forms part <strong>of</strong> degreesin Environmental Science and in Geography.All courses have specified learningoutcomes and courses in mathematics andother sciences are required as a foundation.Particular subjects in geology are compulsoryfor all degree programmes.At the M.Sc. level, students submit adissertation but there are no formal courserequirements as it forms part <strong>of</strong> the Bologna3+2 combination, but some studentsmay be required for some courses, to fillgaps in their backgrounds. The B.Sc. andM.Sc. combination takes 5 years <strong>of</strong> which4 come from the Honours B.Sc. and onefor the M.Sc. Taught M.Sc. programmesin geoscience were discontinued severalyears ago due to staff shortages.At the Ph.D. level, all universities areintroducing structured Ph.D. programmeswherein students are required to attendcourses that are considered necessaryby their supervisors. The loads will varyaccording to the needs <strong>of</strong> the individualand will normally be completed in the earlypart <strong>of</strong> the Ph.D. programme.The Irish Geoscience Graduate Programme[IGGP] was launched in September2010 and is designed to developcomplimentary to structured Ph.D. programmes.Sixteen modules are presently<strong>of</strong>fered which are generally valued at 2.5-5ECTS credits. Modules <strong>of</strong>fer both genericand speciality-based skills and includelecture / seminar, laboratory and fieldbasedtraining. Irish geoscience departments/ schools are typically small withup to ten academic staff, many with uniquespecialities. IGGP is intended to developas a virtual graduate school. Although itwas conceived to support Ph.D. students,it can be developed in the future to includeM.Sc. students as well. This may be a wayto reintroduce taught M.Sc. programmesby combining the expertise <strong>of</strong> two or moreinstitutions to mount a particular singleprogramme.The IGI would demand that universitiesproduce graduates who would expectto become pr<strong>of</strong>essionally accredited after5 years pr<strong>of</strong>essional experience. Thosewhose work takes them abroad, a largenumber in Ireland, would also expectto apply for the pr<strong>of</strong>essional <strong>European</strong>accreditation <strong>of</strong> <strong>European</strong> Geologist (Eur-Geol.). <strong>Geologists</strong> can be accredited by IGIand/or EFG. Both organizations require aminimum <strong>of</strong> 3 years academic training atan approved 3 rd level institution, 5 yearspr<strong>of</strong>essional experience and a demonstration<strong>of</strong> their pr<strong>of</strong>essional competence withsubmission <strong>of</strong> pr<strong>of</strong>essional client reportsand/or published peer-reviewed papersand they will be called for interviewUniversities awarding geology degreesto geologists who are applying for the Pr<strong>of</strong>essionalGeologist title (PGeo) have beenexamined to ensure that they are <strong>of</strong> a sufficientstandard. IGI maintains a list <strong>of</strong> theseapproved academic bodies. IGI does notaccredit particular degree programmes butaccredits individuals based upon academicbackground and pr<strong>of</strong>essional experience.18 <strong>European</strong> Geologist <strong>30</strong>
Learning outcomes and skill levelsfor qualification as a Pr<strong>of</strong>essionalGeologistby David Norbury 1Euro-AgesThe primary aim <strong>of</strong> the Euro-Agesproject is the development <strong>of</strong> a <strong>European</strong>level qualification framework forgeology based on learning outcomes.In this context, learning outcomesare defined as statements <strong>of</strong> what alearner is expected to know, to understandand/or be able to demonstrate.The expectation <strong>of</strong> the level <strong>of</strong> learningor ability that a student should be ableto demonstrate will increase throughthe gathering <strong>of</strong> training and experienceuntil such time as they apply forthe award <strong>of</strong> a pr<strong>of</strong>essional title.Le premier objectif du Projet Euro-Ages est le développement d’un cadreeuropéen de travail concernant leniveau de qualification en géologiebasé sur les compétences acquises.Dans ce contexte, ces compétencessont définies comme le niveau de connaissancesqu’un étudiant doit posséder,comprendre et être à mêmed’utiliser pratiquement. Le niveau deconnaissances acquises et la capacitéde l’étudiant à les utiliser représententune forte attente qui augmenteraconjointement avec son niveau de formationet son expérience jusqu’à cequ’ils lui permettent d’obtenir un titrepr<strong>of</strong>essionnel.El objetivo principal del proyecto Euro-Ages es el desarrollo de un marco derequisitos mínimos para la formaciónen geología, basado en los resultadosdel aprendizaje. En este contexto losresultados del aprendizaje se definencomo aquellos conocimientos que seespera que un estudiante aprenda,entienda o sea capaz de demostrarque sabe. Las expectativas del nivelde aprendizaje o de habilidad que unestudiante sea capaz de demostraraumentará a medida que va adquiriend<strong>of</strong>ormación y experiencia hastaque pueda llegar a solicitar un títulopr<strong>of</strong>esional.The learning outcomes identified inthe programme have been definedelsewhere (see Fernandez, I. andNorbury, D., this magazine, p. 14) andrepresent quality standards for competencies,skills and knowledge. Graduates <strong>of</strong> anaccredited course at first or second cycleprogramme level (Bachelor and Masterslevel respectively) would be expected tohave achieved initial levels <strong>of</strong> ability fromtheir academic training and studies as thebasis for starting to practise geology pr<strong>of</strong>essionally.This paper describes the learning outcomelevel that would be expected whenstudents have gained sufficient pr<strong>of</strong>essionalpost-graduation experience and areready to submit their combined trainingand experience pr<strong>of</strong>ile for validation bytheir peers, in other words to apply for thepr<strong>of</strong>essional title <strong>of</strong> <strong>European</strong> Geologist(EurGeol.) or similar in their own country.Attainment levelsFour levels <strong>of</strong> attainment are generallyidentified which have to be demonstrated1Chairman, EFG Registration Authorityfor the geologist to progress from one cycleto the next. These are given in Table 1.In general terms, the graduate at firstcycle level is expected to be able to demonstrateAppreciation or Knowledge in alllearning outcome categories. The secondcycle graduate will have progressed to ademonstration <strong>of</strong> Knowledge or Experiencein nearly all categories. The applicantfor a pr<strong>of</strong>essional title will be expected todisplay Ability in all categories, as outlinedin Table 2. This will normally require anabsolute minimum <strong>of</strong> three years postgraduatepr<strong>of</strong>essional experience and morewill usually be required, notwithstandingthe length <strong>of</strong> the academic training, inorder that the applicant will have beenable to gather sufficient experience to beable to demonstrate this depth and breadth<strong>of</strong> Ability.Learning outcomesThe requisite learning outcomes identifiedwithin the project are ranged under fourcategories as shown in Table 2 which alsoidentifies the relevant pr<strong>of</strong>essional qualificationcriteria levels which are discussedbelow.Pr<strong>of</strong>essional qualification criteriaThe demonstration <strong>of</strong> Ability in all <strong>of</strong> theselearning outcomes will be assessed by theSymbol Title ExplanationAp Appreciation Awareness and general understanding <strong>of</strong> a subject or anappreciation as to how to undertake an activityKn Knowledge Knowing how to undertake an activity using observationand recall <strong>of</strong> informationEx Experience A depth <strong>of</strong> knowledge <strong>of</strong> a subject or activity sufficient toenable it to be actually undertaken although generallyunder supervisionAb Ability A sound knowledge <strong>of</strong> a subject or activity actuallyundertaken without supervision; ability to direct others inthe activityTable 1 Levels <strong>of</strong> attainment<strong>European</strong> Geologist <strong>30</strong>19