The PRA assumption that the incremental cost for an accessible kiosk is $750 is underestimated.Based on a survey of airlines, the actual incremental cost ranges from $1,000 per kiosk to$20,000, with a median of $9,250. We note the kiosk enhancements, listed in the IATACommon Use Working Group paper attached to these comments, as well as additional detailsbelow, indicate incorporating accessibility features into airline kiosks will be a lengthy andcostly process:If the standards require audio, we would need to provide a plug-in option or speakerswhich might lead to network bandwidth issues.In addition to the new hardware, the application would probably need to be modified toutilize the new features. For example, if a tactile response is available on the newhardware, the application would probably need to be rewritten/modified to provide atactile response to a button push.Incorporating the new hardware would increase the development cycle/costs. Allsubsequent releases would need to be developed in a manner to support the existinghardware as well as the new hardware. Testing effort would likewise be increased.Additional training would be required for agents at the airports, call center support lines,help desk, and field technicians. (Whether you have one kiosk at a station or all kiosksat that station, additional training is still required for all personnel at that stations orsupporting that station.)Spare parts for the kiosks would need to be increased to account for the new hardwareWhen the PRA cost assumptions for kiosks are corrected, the total cost jumps from a discounted$15.78 million to $182.84 million. 35 This cost estimate significantly exceeds the estimated kioskbenefit by over $50 million. 36Retrofit costs are more difficult to estimate because there are several types of kiosks at airportsand each type has varying levels of functionality and spacing requirements. Based on a surveyof members, we estimate kiosk retrofit costs range from $2,000 per kiosk to $11,400 per kiosk,with a median cost of $7,000. As discussed above in comments, this retrofit could not take placefor at least 18 months after the effective date of the final rule because carriers and vendors wouldhave to analyze the final standards and develop retrofit solutions for each type of kiosk. We alsoreceived information that as many as 50% of all existing airline kiosks will be ending their lifecycle in the next 2 years (for example the TP2 kiosk), which means the manufacturer will nolonger support repair functions and will no longer produce replacement parts. As a practicalincorrect assumption because the proposed compliance standard is, kiosk orders 60 days after the final rule effectivedate. The department should adjust the “more than 6 months” and associated costs to “more than 60 days.”35 This $182.845 million is reached by multiplying the $9,250 median cost derived from our airline survey by thePRA 28,500 estimated “Total accessible kiosks required” in PRA Table 15 page 32. In other words, replace thePRA $750 estimated “Incremental cost of accessible kiosk” in PRA Table 15 with $9,250.36 This $50 million figure does not include a correction to the benefits, as we describe above.18
matter, many carriers would have to order new kiosks in lieu of a viable retrofit option ifretrofitting was required contrary to the current proposal.As described in section III(b)(4), there is a disconnect between the time period in the rule text,kiosk orders 60 days after the final rule effective date, and the PRA discussion on how long itwill take to develop a prototype kiosk that meets a new DOT accessible kiosk standard (one yearaccording to the PRA page 25). It is not clear how the Department estimated a $750 incrementalaccessible kiosk cost for orders 60 days after the final rule effective date, when the PRA states aprototype will not be available for one year. It will be impossible to place orders 60 days afterthe final rule effective date when a prototype will not be available for at least one year.In addition, supporting ongoing enhancements and maintenance of accessible kiosks will alsodrive additional costs. Carriers estimate a 15-20% overall increase in development costs tosupport and maintain an accessible kiosk solution. As each new enhancement is developed,additional effort will be required to create a new path for the text to speech process, and to unittest every screen, error, etc. Additional time will also be needed for functional testing this path.One major carrier estimates $300,000 to $700,000 in incremental ongoing costs on an annualbasis, depending on the specifics of the final rule.Reproduced Table 16 PRA 37KiosksTotal benefits (millions) $86.16Total costs (millions) $15.78Total Net Benefits $70.38Corrected Table 16KiosksTotal benefits (millions) $0Total costs (millions) $182.84Total Net Costs $182.84B. Websites1. BenefitsThe PRA assumes that the proposed accessible website requirements would save passengers withdisabilities an average of 1.3 hours per year in researching and booking air transportation. Thispassenger time savings would result in $171 million in benefits, discounted to $122 million overa ten-year period. 38This time savings assumption is incorrect and the Department provides only anecdotal evidenceto support this faulty assumption. The PRA states that this time savings is based onEconometrica, Inc staff reviewing carrier websites with a screen reader such as JAWS or37 PRA page 33.38 See PRA Table 21, page 45.19