Simulation of Water-Gas Shift Membrane Reactor for Integrated ...

Strojniški vestnik - Journal of Mechanical Engineering 57(2011)12, 911-9264. The syngas also has small amounts of otherimpurities (e.g. H 2 S, COS, NH 3 and alsochlorides, fluorides, mercury etc.) which areremoved during the gas clean-up. Before theclean-up process syngas is cooled, usuallyin a syngas cooler, where part (or all) ofthe steam used in the gasification process isproduced.5. Around 99% of H 2 S is separated from thesyngas and converted to elemental sulphur orpossibly sulphuric acid.6. Nowadays, the syngas is passed through a twostage WGS reactor and reacted over a catalystwith added steam to convert the majority ofthe CO into CO 2 and additional H 2 . The H 2is separated from the gas mixture usually byusing the pressure swing adsorption (PSA)process.7. The future potential of IGCC systems is theCO 2 removal, leaving H 2 -rich syngas behind.8. Syngas can also be used in variety ofprocesses; like production of synthetic fuelsor chemicals and pure H 2 can be used in fuelcells or combined cycle to produce electricity.9. The main cause for IGCC plants being moreefficient than conventional power plants isthe combined use of a gas and a steam turbineto produce electricity.10. Much of the water used in this processis recycled in the plant, while some isevaporated in a cooling tower.1 WATER-GAS SHIFT REACTION PROCESS1.1 Membrane ReactorIn general, the membrane reactor (MR) isa device that combines a membrane separationprocess with a chemical reactor in one unit. TheMR is capable of promoting a reaction process byselectively removing at least one of the productsfrom the reaction zone through the membrane,making the equilibrium reaction shifting to theproduct side.Fig. 1. Schematic presentation of the syngas production, hydrogen separation, CCS and hydrogenutilisation in the IGCC912 Lotrič, A. ‒ Sekavčnik, M. ‒ Kunze, C. ‒ Spliethoff, H.