NORMAL LABOUR

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Physical examination documentation of the patient's vital signs assessment of the fetal well-being The frequency, duration, and intensity of uterine contractions should beassessedA-Abdominal examination: begins with the Leopold maneuvers :1-Initial maneuver involves upper quadrant of the patient's abdomenpalpating the fundus with the tips of the fingers to define which fetal pole ispresent in the fundus2-Second maneuver involves palpation in the paraumbilical regions todifferentiate the fetal spine (a hard, resistant structure) from its limbs(irregular, mobile small parts) to determinate the fetus' position3-Third maneuver is suprapubic palpation As with the first maneuver, theexaminer ascertains the fetus' presentation and estimates its station4-Fourth maneuver involves palpation of bilateral lower quadrantsdetermining if the presenting part of the fetus is engaged in the mother'spelvis
B-Pelvic examination using sterile gloves to decrease the risk of infection If membrane rupture is suspected, examinationwith a sterile speculum is performed pelvic examination should be deferred untilplacenta previa is excluded with ultrasonographypattern of contraction and the patient's presentinghistory may provide clues about placentalabruption.
Page 5 and 6: Cause of Onset of Labour:It is unkn
Page 7 and 8: (4) Oxytocin theory:Although oxytoc
Page 9: Clinical Picture Of Labour(A) Prodr
Page 12: (1) True labour pain.(B) Onset of L
Page 15 and 16: (II) On the Foetus:(A) Moulding:The
Page 17: First Stage:Phases of cervical dila
Page 20 and 21: (1) Descent:Second Stage:(A) Delive
Page 22 and 23: Lever action producing ftexion of t
Page 24: (6) Restitution:After delivery, the
Page 27 and 28: (III) Third stage:- It is the stage
Page 31: Clinical History• Review of the p
Page 35 and 36: WorkupAs soon as the mother arrives
Page 38 and 39: Objectives• Early detection of ab
Page 40 and 41: Part 1 : Fetal condition• this pa
Page 47 and 48: Part111: maternal conditionAssess m
Page 49 and 50: Between alert and action lines• I
Page 51 and 52: POINTS TOREMEMBER:: USING THE PARTO
Page 53 and 54: Monitor HR:::………A-External fe
Page 55 and 56: Second stage management: Fetal hear
Page 57 and 58: Ritgen maneuver / 2 nd stage
Page 59 and 60: Fourth stage managementCare of the
Page 61 and 62: The presence of caput indicates tha

NORMAL LABOUR

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