NORMAL LABOUR

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Pain Control• Uterine contractions result in visceral pain, which is innervated byT10-L1• While in descent, somatic pain transmitted by the pudendal nerve(innervated by S2-4)• Drugs : meperidine 25-50 mg IV every 1-2 hours Or fentanyl 50-100mcg IV every hour Or morphine 2-5 mg IV or 10 mg IM every 4hours• As an alternative, regional anesthesia may be given. Options areepidural, spinal, or combined spinal epidural anesthesia• NSAIDs are relatively contraindicated in the third trimester ofpregnancy. The repeated use of NSAIDs has been associated withearly closure of the fetal ductus arteriosus in utero and withdecreasing fetal renal function leading to oligohydramnios.
Monitor HR:::………A-External fetal heart rate monitor :guidelines were developed to unify the interpretation offetal heart tracings : Category One: Normal fetal heart tracings. Continueexpectant management. Category Two: Indeterminate fetal heart tracings.These tracings require close observation orinterventions to determine whether the fetus hasacidemia. Category Three: Abnormal fetal heart tracings.These tracings require immediate intervention.
Page 5 and 6: Cause of Onset of Labour:It is unkn
Page 7 and 8: (4) Oxytocin theory:Although oxytoc
Page 9: Clinical Picture Of Labour(A) Prodr
Page 12: (1) True labour pain.(B) Onset of L
Page 15 and 16: (II) On the Foetus:(A) Moulding:The
Page 17: First Stage:Phases of cervical dila
Page 20 and 21: (1) Descent:Second Stage:(A) Delive
Page 22 and 23: Lever action producing ftexion of t
Page 24: (6) Restitution:After delivery, the
Page 27 and 28: (III) Third stage:- It is the stage
Page 31 and 32: Clinical History• Review of the p
Page 33 and 34: B-Pelvic examination using sterile
Page 35 and 36: WorkupAs soon as the mother arrives
Page 38 and 39: Objectives• Early detection of ab
Page 40 and 41: Part 1 : Fetal condition• this pa
Page 47 and 48: Part111: maternal conditionAssess m
Page 49 and 50: Between alert and action lines• I
Page 51: POINTS TOREMEMBER:: USING THE PARTO
Page 55 and 56: Second stage management: Fetal hear
Page 57 and 58: Ritgen maneuver / 2 nd stage
Page 59 and 60: Fourth stage managementCare of the
Page 61 and 62: The presence of caput indicates tha

NORMAL LABOUR

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