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Figure 7Ericsson's third-generation BSC.RBS 1107 compact radio base stations (introducedin Step 1) can also be upgraded tosupport cdma2000 IX.The third-generation BSS (BSC and RBS)for cdma2000 IX combines the advantagesof IP with the QoS capabilities of ATM (Figure7). Because the platform has been optimizedfor mobile technology, it can deliverIP services with the same kind of reliabilityas is associated with traditional telecommunications.Ericsson's BSS architecture alsofacilitates migration to voice-over-IP (VoIP)services and serves as the basis for mediagateways (MGW, see Step 5).Step 4: Phase II 3GWhile many of today's cdmaOne operatorsare certain to migrate to cdma2000 IX,many are still defining their needs for migratingto even higher capacity, higherspeed data networks. By supportingcdma2000 3X, DS-41, or other IX enhancements,Ericsson's products are designedto give operators a number of optionsin the future.Phase II 3G RBSEricsson's RBS products for Phase I 3G canbe upgraded to support either cdma20003X or DS-41 wideband technology (PhaseII 3G). After they have been upgraded, theradio base stations will support IMT-2000data speeds of up to 2 Mbit/s over the air.The upgrade to Phase II 3G also includesimproved capacity for voice (Figure 8).Moreover, the technology facilitates internationalroaming between cdma2000 andWCDMA systems (Figure 9).Step 5: Fully layeredarchitectureStep 5 of Ericsson's migration solution resultsin a fully layered network architecture(Figure 10). Wireless operators will structurerheir networks in layers for packet- andcircuit-switched services, or migrate to all-IP systems. The finished network is composedof three layers:• the user application layer;• the control layer; and• the connectivity layer.User application layerThe user application layer will contain theservices for which end-users are willing topay. These services include e-commerce,global positioning services, and other differentiatingservices—each of which resideson off-network servers. In addition, someapplications will be implemented in mobileterminals. Open application programmingwill be used between the off-network serversFigure 8Phase II 3G, Step 4: the addition ofcdma2000 3X- or DS-41 -capable radiobase stations.64 Ericsson Review No. 2, 2000
Figure 9Design of Ericsson's third-generationRBS.and the on-network control plane, to definethe interfaces and to promote developmentcompatibility with CDMA.Control layerThe control layer, which is the "brains" ofthe overall network, incorporates all the networkservers that are needed to provide servicesto any subscriber, regardless of whetherhe or she accesses the network from a wireline,wireless, or IP world. Typical serversin this layer are the HLR, SMSC, AC, AAA,and the newly introduced MSC server.Connectivity layerThe connectivity layer handles the transportof all information, tegardless of whether itis data or voice. This layer can use IP transpott,ATM transport, or a combination ofthe two. The connectivity infrastructure cancarry traffic from fixed line, cable-TV, wirelessor mobile, and private networks, whichmeans that investments made in transportgateways and transmission equipment areprotected even if the traffic mix does notevolve as first expected.The architecture of the connectivity backboneis divided into two parts: the core andthe edge. Cote network equipment transportsall types of traffic between the servicenodes in the operator's network. Typicalcomponents of the infrastructure includerouters, ATM switches, and transmissionmedia. Edge equipment, which provides theadded intelligence that is needed to supportthe core bit stream of voice and data, is necessaryfor interpreting customer-specific instructions,guaranteeing QoS delivery, andforwarding information—for instance,billing information—to the control layer.Two examples of edge equipment technologyin a cdma2000 network are the mediagateway and the packet data service node.Media gatewayThe final step (Step 5) in migtating to athird-generation network is achieved primarilyby dividing the functions of the MSCbetween a media gateway and an MSC server(Figure 10). This is accomplished byadding an IP/ATM interface to the currentMSC and by introducing an open-interfacemedia gateway into the network. AXE 10Figure 10Step 5: Introduction of media gateways.Ericsson Review No. 2, 2000 65
Page 1: Ericsson 2/2000REVIEWTHE TELECOMMUN
Page 4 and 5: ContributorsIn this issueLuis Barri
Page 6 and 7: Ericsson Review is also published o
Page 8 and 9: Evolving from cdmaOne to third-gene
Page 10 and 11: Figure 2Operators Harmonization Agr
Page 12 and 13: more features, and greater reliabil
Page 16 and 17: Figure 11Ericsson's timeline for ev
Page 18 and 19: Third-generation TDMAChristofer Lin
Page 20 and 21: TABLE 1 MODULATION AND CODING SCHEM
Page 22 and 23: Figure 3An example of a cell patter
Page 24 and 25: Figure 5Curves illustrating maximum
Page 26 and 27: TABLE 3. DYNAMIC PACKET DATA SIMULA
Page 28 and 29: erage can be achieved in existing c
Page 30 and 31: Business solutions for mobile e-com
Page 32 and 33: Figure 2Comparison of traditional a
Page 34 and 35: BOX B, THE E-COMMERCE TIMELINE1999E
Page 36 and 37: Figure 6Mobile e-Pay end-user servi
Page 38 and 39: Figure 8Access features with push-a
Page 40 and 41: AuthenticationTo verify that end-us
Page 42 and 43: BOX C, MARKET HARMONIZATIONOn Tuesd
Page 44 and 45: Figure 2The footprint of the RBS 22
Page 46 and 47: Communications security in an all-I
Page 48 and 49: BOX B, SYMMETRIC KEY SYSTEMSGood sy
Page 50 and 51: Figure 4Construction of an ESP-prot
Page 52 and 53: Figure 7An X.500 database structure
Page 54 and 55: Figure 9GPRS VPN scenarios.Figure 1
Page 56 and 57: TRADEMARKSRC4 and RC4 are registere
Page 58 and 59: HIPERLAN type 2 for broadband wirel
Page 60 and 61: Figure 3Typical usage of communicat
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TABLE 1PHYSICAL LAYER MODES OF HIPE
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Queen City WaterfrontEMERGING PROJE
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TABLE 2. IMPORTANT PARAMETERS FOR N
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Previous issuesNo. 1,2000IPv6—The
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