e-Waste Assessment Tanzania - e-Waste. This guide

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e-Waste Assessment TanzaniaCPCT / EmpaTable 5: Trend of telephone subscribers in Tanzania: 2000 – 2008 (TCRA 2009)Year Fixed Lines MobileTotal SubscribersPopulationTeledensity(%)2000 173,591 110,518 284,109 33,463,388 12001 177,802 275,560 453,362 33,756,093 12002 161,590 606,859 768,449 34,161,166 22003 147,006 1,298,000 1,445,006 34,876,231 42004 148,360 1,942,000 2,090,360 36,049,581 62005 154,420 2,963,737 3,118,157 37,267,530 82006 151,644 5,614,922 5,766,566 38,523,907 152007 163,269 8,322,857 8,486,126 39,816,363 212008 123,809 13,006,793 13,130,602 41,146,284 32The government has fully liberalized the provision of internet services in order to encourage competition.However, most of the internet service providers are concentrated in urban areas due to the available infrastructure.All ICT equipment is currently being imported since there are no local manufacturers and account for approx6% of all imports (WEF 2010). Unfortunately there are also no standards which guide imports of both hardwareand software (Verbal information from TBS). Table 6 shows ICT development indicators for Tanzaniafor the period 2000 to 2008.Table 6: Development indicators for Tanzania with a bearing on e-waste, section “States & Markets” (WorldBank 2010, WEF 2010)IndicatorYear2000 2004 2007 2008Population (in millions) 34 36.5 40.45 42Personal computers (per 1,000 people) 3 7.4 na naInternet users (per 1,000 people) 1 8.9 9.5 12Telephone mainlines (per 1,000 people) 5 3.9 5.8 3Mobile phone subscribers (per 1,000 people) 3 51.6 204 306Households with television (%) 3 64 Policy & Legislation4.1 e-Waste related policies & legislation4.1.1 e-Waste related PoliciesTanzania has no specific policy on e-waste management but a number of policies are in place which aim atprotecting the environment and human health. Among the existing policies relevant to e-waste managementinclude the National Environment Policy (1997); Sustainable Industrial Devel-opment Policy (SIDP) 1996 –2020; National Water Policy (2002); National Energy Policy (2003); National Trade Policy (2003); Smalland Medium Enterprises (SMEs) Development Policy (2003); the National Health Policy (2003); Scienceand Technology Policy (1996); and the National Information and Communications Technologies (ICT) Policy(2003). An overview of the e-waste related policies is given in Table 7.14/75
e-Waste Assessment TanzaniaCPCT / EmpaTable 7: Overview of e-waste related PoliciesPolicy Objectives Relevancy to e-waste managementNational Environmental Policy(1997)National Energy Policy (2003)The Sustainable IndustrialDevelopment Policy (1996-2020)The Small and Medium Enterprise(SMEs) DevelopmentPolicy (2003)National Trade Policy (2003)National Water Policy (2002)National Health Policy (2007)Human Settlement DevelopmentPolicy (2000)To ensure sustainability, security, andequitable use of resources to meetthe basic needs of the present populationwithout compromising those ofthe future generations and withoutdegrading the environment or riskinghealth or safety.To ensure availability of reliable andaffordable energy supplies and theiruse in a rational and sustainablemanner in order to support nationaldevelopment goalsTo achieve sustainable industrial development.To foster job creation and incomegeneration through promoting thecreation of new SMEs and improvingthe performance and competitivenessof the existing ones to increase theirparticipation and contribution to theTanzanian economyTo facilitate and support programmesfocusing on increased access of informationpertinent to the developmentof SMEsTo raise efficiency and widen linkagesin domestic production and building ofa diversified competitive export sectoras the means of stimulating higherrates of growth and developmentTo ensure that beneficiaries participatefully in planning, construction,operation, maintenance and managementof community based domesticwater supply schemes.To improve the health of all Tanzanians,particularly those at high riskTo ensure sustainable human settlementdevelopment15/75Sets overall framework for environmentalmanagement issues in the countryPromotes health related programmes includingfood hygiene, separation of toxic/hazardous wastes and pollution control athousehold levelProper e-waste management reduces pollutionload to the environment and reduces risksto human healthPromotes use of energy efficient equipmentPromotes use of EEE and hence contributesto e-waste generationPromotes industrial development with lesspollutionPromotes efficient use of resources and recyclingactivitiesEncourages development of SMEsEncourages job creationEnsures that SME operators at all levels haveaccess to information at affordable costE-waste recycling activities could contribute tothe development of SMEs, creation of employmentand access to information at affordablecost.Promotes trade developmentRecovery of valuable fractions in e-wastecould contribute to this policyPromotes prevention of pollution of watersourcesEfficient e-waste management system preventspollution of water bodiesEncourages safe disposal of hazardouswastes from health services including medicalequipment & devices.E-waste contains hazardous substancesEncourages human settlements to be keptcleanEnsures that pollution from solid and liquidwastes do not endanger the public healthE-waste is one of the solid wastes whichcould endanger public health if not well managedNational ICT Policy (2003) To provide a national framework that Promotes investments in ICTwill enable ICT to contribute towards Promotes competitive development and productionof ICT products and servicesachieving the national developmentgoals; and to transform Tanzania intoa knowledge-based society throughPromotes establishment of direct relationshipsapplication of ICTwith manufacturers and designers of ICT resourcesE-waste recycling activities could lead to establishmentof relationships with manufacturersand designers of ICT equipment.National Science and Tech- To promote science and technology Promotes application of scientific knowledge,
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