training module for medical officers primary health centre - NVBDCP

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Bionomics of other vectorsAn. dirus. Highly anthropophilic and exophilic species with sphere of influence in North eastern states,West Bengal and Andaman and Nicobar islands. Breeds in forest pools, streams with decaying leaves,barrow pits along forest roads and trenches.An. philippinensis. Mainly zoophilic and occasionally anthropophilic species with sphere of influencein deltaic Bengal, Assam and Meghalaya. Breeds in tanks, pools, barrow pits, drains, swamps, ditchesand rice fields preferring shady collections.An. annularis. Mainly zoophilic and occasionally anthropophilic species with sphere of influence inOrissa, North coasts of AP, Jhansi area in UP and Garo Hills in Meghalaya. Breeds indiscriminatelypreferring clean stagnant waters, margins of lakes and ponds, slow moving streams and rice fields.An. varuna. Highly anthropophilic species with sphere of influence in Visakhapatnam, Singbhum hills(Bihar), Kerala, MP and Jeypore hills (Orissa). Breeds in running waters in hills and pools, tanks andditches in plains.17
2.4: EPIDEMIOLOGICAL AND ENTOMOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCEEpidemiological ParametersAnnual Blood smear Examination Rate (ABER)ABER = Number of blood smears examined in a yearTotal populationx 100ABER reflects efficiency and adequacy of case detection. Based on the estimated fever rate in India, aminimum ABER of 10% was fixed under the programme; the blood smear collection should not be lessthan 1% per month during the transmission period. ABER should be equal to fever rate in the locality. Fever rates in the community differ from season to season; hence different targets should be fixedfor different seasons / months of the year.Ensure that all localities are covered regularly under surveillance, as per prescribed time schedule.If some villages are not covered by surveillance during the transmission season, there is a greatdanger of focal outbreaks.The MO-PHC should Scrutinize the epidemiological data and compare village-wise and fortnight-wise targets with actualblood smear collection, positives every month, and every fortnight during pre-transmission andtransmission period. Correlate reports of fever incidence or OPD fever attendance from these areas. Become concerned with the situation and take further steps in case of high fever rate or lowcollection of slides. If the blood smear collection is very high and laboratory results show low positivity rates, MO-PHCshould be alert and investigate the efficiency of the laboratory and verify the microscopic diagnosis.Monthly Blood smear Examination Rate (MBER)MBER = Number of blood smears examined in a month x 100Total populationInstead of ABER, monthly blood examination rate should be compared with previous month’sperformance and same corresponding month of the previous year to analyze the trend of fever rates inthe community.Annual Parasite Index (API)API = Total No. of blood smears positive for malaria parasite in a year x 1000Total populationAPI depends upon the adequacy of ABER; in areas with low ABER, the significance of API is lost.18
Page 1 and 2: TRAINING MODULEFORMEDICAL OFFICERSP
Page 3 and 4: Distribution of malariaSESSION - 1:
Page 5 and 6: National Malaria Eradication Progra
Page 7 and 8: 1.2 : JOB RESPONSIBILITIES OF MO- P
Page 9 and 10: SESSION - 2: MALARIOLOGY2.1: EPIDEM
Page 11 and 12: 2.2: MORPHOLOGY, LIFE CYCLE AND TRA
Page 13 and 14: Table 2.1: Differentiation of chara
Page 15 and 16: 2.3: VECTOR MOSQUITOES AND THEIR BI
Page 17: Bionomics of vector species in Indi
Page 21 and 22: Entomological parameters should be
Page 23 and 24: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is clear
Page 25 and 26: 3.2: LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS OF MALARI
Page 27 and 28: Examination of blood films for mala
Page 29 and 30: Plate 1: Plasmodium falciparum thin
Page 31 and 32: 3.3: MALARIA CASE MANAGEMENTAntimal
Page 33 and 34: This ACT is highly effective agains
Page 35 and 36: within 72 hours of treatment. Such
Page 37 and 38: In pregnancy, malaria, especially P
Page 39 and 40: Advice to the patients / caretakers
Page 41 and 42: The choice between IRS and ITN/LLIN
Page 43 and 44: Deploy staff for active case detect
Page 45 and 46: Visit the PHCs, subcenters and vill
Page 47 and 48: The Rapid Diagnosis Test (RDT) is d
Page 49 and 50: It should also be ensured that the
Page 51 and 52: Common problems for reluctance to g
Page 53 and 54: 3. Programme management Monitoring
Page 55 and 56: Worker (SFW) to the PHC-MO where a
Page 57 and 58: The data collected through the syst
Page 59 and 60: Outcome - IRS Coverage - Population
Page 61 and 62: Level Staff FrequencySupervisor (wh
Page 63 and 64: With improved access to quality cas
Page 65 and 66: If an epidemic is predominantly due
Page 67 and 68: 500@ 20-25 houses per pump per day
Page 69 and 70:
3.1.6 Name of Laboratory Technician
Page 71 and 72:
3. Therefore, unless the deceased h
Page 73 and 74:
To accord priority for IRS in areas
Page 75 and 76:
Consumption of insecticide as deter
Page 77 and 78:
Step 9: Wash equipments (basin, mea
Page 79 and 80:
ProgramComponentBed netimpregnation
Page 81 and 82:
Benefit of indoor insecticidal spra
Page 83 and 84:
The MO-PHC is expected to provide a
Page 85 and 86:
Ensure that they have adequate supp
Page 87 and 88:
4.8: LOGISTICS MANAGEMENTPlanningPl
Page 89 and 90:
Planning of LLIN coverage is compli
Page 91 and 92:
communication among the community f
Page 93 and 94:
Examine level of stocksLook for unr
Page 95 and 96:
During planned bednet distribution
Page 97:
How many of the individuals actuall
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